Open Access, Peer-reviewed, Quarterly
pISSN 1225-1682
eISSN 2287-9293
    J Korean Fract Soc. 2008 Apr;21(2):180-185. Korean.
    Published online Apr 30, 2008.
    https://doi.org/10.12671/jkfs.2008.21.2.180
    Copyright © 2008 The Korean Fracture Society. All rights reserved.
    Review

    Factors and Surgical Pitfalls Causing Nonunion

    Hyun Dae Shin, M.D.
      • Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.
    • Address reprint requests to: Hyun Dae Shin, M.D. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 640, Daesa-dong, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-721, Korea. Tel: 82-42-280-7350, Fax: 82-42-252-7098, Email: hyunsd@cnu.ac.kr

    This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

    Figures

    Fig. 1
    Nonunion in the femur shaft is occurred after conservative management.

    Fig. 2
    Infected nonunion is observed in the femoral shaft after surgery.

    References

      1. Adams CI, Keating JF, Court-Brown CM. Cigarette smoking and open tibial fractures. Injury 2001;9:61–65.
      1. Blount W. In: Fractures in children. 1st ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1944.
      1. Blount W. In: Fractures in children. 1st ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1955.
      1. Boyd H. Observations on non-union of the shafts of long bones, with a statistical analysis of 842 patients. J Bone Joint Surgery 1961;3:159.
      1. Buckater JA, Park R, Illinosi. None structure and function. Am Acad Orthop Surg 1987;27
      1. Buckwater J, Cruess RL. Healing of musculoskeletal tissues. In: Green DP, editor. Fractures. Rockwood Calif: Lippincott; 1991. pp. 81.
      1. Day SM, DeHeer DH. Reversal of the detrimental effects of chronic protein malnutrition on long bone fracture healing. J Orthop Trauma 2001;15:47–53.
      1. Doepfner W. Consequences of calcium and/or phosphorus deficient diets on various parameters of callus formation and on growth rate in young rats. Br J Pharmacol 1970;39:188P–189P.
      1. Einhorn TA. Cox-2: where are we in 2003? - The role of cyclooxygenase-2 in bone repair. Arthritis Res Ther 2003;5:5–7.
      1. Einhorn TA, Bonnarens F, Burstein AH. The contributions of dietary protein and mineral to the gealing of experimental fractures. A biomechanical study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1986;68:1389–1395.
      1. Green N, French S, Rodriquez G, Hays M, Fingerhut A. Radiation-induced delayed union of fractures. Radiology 1969;93:635–641.
      1. Heppenstall RB. In: Fracture treatment and healing. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1980. pp. 35-64.
      1. Koskinen EV, Ryoppy SA, Lindholm TS. Bone formation by induction under the influence of growth hormone and cortisone. Isr J Med Sci 1971;7:378–380.
      1. Krakauer JC, Mckenna MJ, Buderer NF, Rao DS, Whitehouse FW, Parfitt AM. Bone loss and bone turnover in diabetes. Diabetes 1995;44:775–782.
      1. Lu H, Kraut D, Gerstenfeld LC, Graves DT. Diavetes interferes with the bone formation by affecting the expression of transcription factors that regulate osteoblast differentiation. Endocrinology 2003;144:346–352.
      1. Marsh D. Concepts of fracture union, delayed union, and nonunion. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1998;355 Suppl:S22–S30.
      1. Muñoz-Torres M, Jódar E, Escobar-Jiménez F, López-Ibarra PJ, Luna JD. Bone mineral density measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry in Spanish patients with insulin-dependent diabetes melitus. Calcif Tissue Int 1996;58:316–319.
      1. Nichols JT, Toto PD, Choukas NC. The proliferative capacity and DNA synthesis of osteoblasts during fracture repair in normal and hypophysectomized rats. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1968;25:418–426.
      1. Perren SM, Huggler A, Russenberger M, et al. The reaction of cortical bone to compression. Acta Orthop Scand Suppl 1969;125:19–29.
      1. Porter SE, Hanley EN Jr. The musculoskeletal effects of smoking. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2001;9:9–17.
      1. Radriguez-Merchan EC, Gomez-castresana F. Internal fixation of nonunions. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2004;419:13–20.
      1. Rosacker JA, Kopta JA. Both bone fractures of the foream: a review of surgical variables associated with union. Orthopedics 1981;4:1353–1356.
      1. Rothman RH, Klemek JS, Toton JJ. The effect of iron deficiency anemia on fracture healing. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1971;77:276–283.
      1. Stoffel K, Dieter U, Stachowiak G, Gächter A, Kuter MS. Biomechanical testing if the LCP-how can stability in locked internal fixators be controlled? Injury 2003;34 Suppl 2:B11–B19.
      1. Wallace AL, Draper ER, Strachan RK, McCarthy ID, Hughes SP. The effect of devascularisation upon early bone healing in dynamic external fixation. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1991;73:819–825.
    Cited by
    Crossref 2
    Google Scholar 
    Metrics
    Share
    Figures
    slide
    slide

    1 / 2

    PERMALINK