Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Blunt-snouted lenoks (genus Brachymystax: Salmoniformes, Salmonidae) from the Ob’ basin: New data on morphology and allozyme variation

  • Published:
Journal of Ichthyology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Variation of 69 morphological characters and allozyme variation at 32 loci was studied in lenoks (Brachymystax) from the Biya, Tom’, and Chulym drainages (the Ob’ basin). All lenoks studied belong to the blunt-snouted form, morphological differences between their populations are low and genetic distances equal zero. At the same time they diverged substantially morphologically and, especially, genetically from populations of the blunt-snouted lenok from other river basis of Siberia and the Far East of Russia. In the Ob’-Irtysh basin populations of the blunt-and sharp-snouted lenoks are spatially segregated: the former are found in the Ob’ River basin proper and the latter, in the Irtysh River basin, the degree of their morphological and genetic (Dnei = 0.096) divergence is high. Populations of the blunt-snouted lenok in the Ob’ basin are small and the numbers of lenoks are decreasing; problems of their protection are discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. S. S. Alekseev, “Morphoecological Characteristics of Lenoks (the Genus Brachymystax: Salmoniformes, Salmonidae) from the Amur Basin and from the Uda River,” Zool. Zh. 62(2), 193–208 (1983).

    Google Scholar 

  2. S. S. Alekseev, “Sympatric Forms of Lenok (the Genus Brachymystax) from the Vitima Basin,” Biol. Nauki, No. 3, 41–48 (1985).

  3. S. S. Alekseev, Lenok “Brachymystax lenok (Pallas, 1773) (the Ob’ River Basin),” in The Red Data Book of the Russian Federation (Animals) (AST, Astrel’, Moscow, 2001) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  4. S. S. Alekseev, M. A. Gruzdeva, and M. B. Skopets, “Fish Fauna of the Shantar Islands,” Vopr. Ikhtiol. 44(1), 42–58 (2004) [J. Ichthyol. 44 (1), 36–51 (2004)].

    Google Scholar 

  5. S. S. Alekseev, A. F. Kirillov, and V. P. Samusenok, “Distribution and Morphology of the Sharp-Snouted and the Blunt-Snouted Lenoks of the Genus Brachymystax (Salmonidae) of East Siberia,” Vopr. Ikhtiol. 43(3), 311–333 (2003) [J. Ichthyol. 43 (5), 35–373 (2003)].

    Google Scholar 

  6. S. S. Alekseev, M. V. Mina, and A. S. Kondrashov, “Parallel Clines as a Result of Counter Dispersal of Individuals and the Shift of Characters: Analysis of the Situation in the Genus Brachymystax (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae),” Zool. Zh. 65(2), 227–234 (1986).

    Google Scholar 

  7. F. W. Allendorf and R. F. Leary, “Heterozygosity and Fitness in Natural Populations of Animals,” in The Science of Scarcity and Diversity, Ed. by M. E. Soule (Sinauer Ass., Inc., Sunderland, Massachusetts, 1986), pp. 58–76.

    Google Scholar 

  8. A. I. Berezovskii, “Ichthyofauna of the Lakes of Minusinsk and Achinsk Districts of Eniseisk Province,” Tr. Sib. Ikhtiol. Lab. 2(1), 11–78 (1924).

    Google Scholar 

  9. L. S. Berg, “Fishes of the Amur Basin,” Zap. Imper. Akad. Nauk, Ser. Fiz.-Mat. 24(9) (1909).

  10. L. N. Besednov and A. N. Kucherov, “On the Systematic Position of Lenoks of the Genus Brachymystax in the Iman River,” in Proceedings of IV Conference of Zoologists of Siberia on the Zoological Problems of Siberia (Nauka, Moscow, 1972), pp. 220–221.

    Google Scholar 

  11. N. G. Bogutskaya and A. M. Naseka, “Cyclostomata and Fishes of the Basin of Lake Khanka (the Amur River System): Annotated List of Species with Commentaries on Their Taxonomy and the Zoogeography of the Region,” Nauchn. Tetradi Nauchno-Issled. Inst. Ozern. Rechn. Rybn. Khoz., No. 3, 1–89 (1996).

  12. N. G. Bogutskaya and A. M. Naseka, Catalog of Agnatha and Fishes of Fresh and Brackish Waters of Russia with Nomenclature and Taxonomic Commentaries (T-vo Nauch. Izd. KMK, Moscow, 2004) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  13. R. Chakraborty, “Gene-Diversity Analysis in Nested Subdivided Populations,” Genetics 96, 721–726 (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  14. I. A. Chereshnev, Biogeography of Freshwater Fishes of Far East of Russia (Dal’nauka, Vladivostok, 1998) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  15. B. J. Davis, “Disk-Electrophoresis. 2. “Method and Application to the Human Serum Proteins,” Ann. Acad. Sci. 121, 404–427 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. P. A. Dryagin, “Commercial Fishes of the Ob’-Irtysh Basin,” Izv. Nauchno-Issled. Inst. Ozern. Rechn. Rybn. Khoz. 25(2), 1–104 (1948).

    Google Scholar 

  17. J. Felsenstein, PHYLIP (Phylogeny Inference Package). Version 3.5c. Dept. Genetics, SK-50 (Univ. Wash., Seattle, WA, 1993).

    Google Scholar 

  18. E. Froufe, S. Alekseev, I. Knizhin, et al., “Comparative Phylogeography of Salmonid Fishes (Salmonidae) Reveals Late to Post-Pleistocene Exchange Between Three Now-Disjunct Rivers Basins in Siberia,” Diversity Distrib. 9, 269–282 (2003).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. T. N. Gagina and N. V. Skalon, “Fishes,” in Natural Heritage of Kemerov Oblast. Almanac. Issue 1. Reserve “Kuznetskii Alatau” (Aziya, Kemerovo, 1999) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  20. E. Giuffra, L. Bernatchez, and R. Guyomard, “Mitochondrial Control Region Coding Genes Sequence Variation among Phenotypic Forms of Brown Trout Salmo trutta from Northern Italy,” Mol. Ecol. 3, 161–171 (1994).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. E. Giuffra, R. Guyomard, and G. Forneris, “Phylogenetic Relationships and Introgression Between Incipient Parapatric Species of Italian Brown Trout (Salmo trutta (Complex),” Mol. Ecol. 5, 207–220 (1996).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. E. I. Glazyrina, A. N. Gundrizer, N. A. Zaloznyi, et al., Biological Resources of Water Bodies of the Chulyma River Basin (Tomsk. Univ., Tomsk, 1980) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  23. A. S. Golubtsov and N. P. Malkov, “Review of Extinct and Endangered Species of Pisciformes and Fishes of the Republic of Altai with Consideration of Species that Require Special Attention to Their State in the Natural Environment,” in Rare Animals of the Republic of Altai. Materials of the Conference on the Preparation of the 2nd Edition of the Red Book of the Republic of Altai (Animals), Ed. by N. P. Malkov (RIO Gorno-Altaisk. Gos. Univ., Gorno-Altaisk, 2006) [in Russian] (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  24. A. N. Gundrizer, B. G. Ioganzen, V. V. Kafanova, and G. M. Krivoshchekov, Fishes of Teletskoe Lake (Nauka, Novosibirsk, 1981) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  25. E. E. Hostert, “Reinforcement: A New Perspective on an Old Controversy,” Evolution 51, 697–702 (1997).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. B. G. Ioganzen, “Fishes of Gornaya Shoria,” in Issues of Geography of Siberia (Tver Gos. Univ., Tomsk, 1953), No. 3, pp. 229–246 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  27. N. F. Kashchenko, Results of the Altai Zoological Expedition of 1898. Vertebrates (Tipo-Litografiya M. N. Kononova i I.F. Skulimovskogo, Tomsk, 1899) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  28. M. I. Kifa, “Morphology of Two Forms of Lenok (Genus Brachymystax fam. Salmonidae) from the Amur Basin and Their Systematic Position,” in Zoogeography and Systematics of Fishes (ZIN AN SSSR, Leningrad, 1976), pp. 142–156 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  29. S. D. Kirillov, “Lenok Brachymystax lenok Pallas, 1776,” in The Red Book of Altai Territory, Vol. 2: Rare and Endangered Animal Species (Altai Gos. Univ., Barnaul, 1998) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  30. A. P. Kuchin, “Materials on Rare Fish Species of Gornyi Altai,” in Materials for the Red Book of the Republic of Altai (Animals. (Gorno-Altaisk, 1995), pp. 63–67 [in Russian].

  31. A. P. Kuchin, Flora and Fauna of Altai (Vsemirnyi Fond Dikoi Prirody, Gorno-Altaisk, 2001) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  32. B. Ma, J.-S. Yin, and J.-P. Li, “Comparative Studies on Morphology and Taxonomic Position of Two Species of Lenok,” Acta Zootaxon. Sinica 30(2) (2005).

  33. E. Mayr, Populations, Species and Evolution (Harvard University, Cambridge (USA), 1970; Mir, Moscow, 1974).

    Google Scholar 

  34. M. V. Mina, Microevolution of Fish: Evolutionary Aspects of Phenetic Diversity (Nauka, Moscow, 1986) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  35. M. V. Mina and S. S. Alekseev, “On the Study of Phenetic Structure of the Genus Brachymystax (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae): On the Forms of Lenoks in the Ob Basin,” Zool. Zh. 64(4), 549–561 (1985).

    Google Scholar 

  36. M. V. Mina and E. D. Vasil’eva, “Finding of Sympatric Forms of Lenok (Genus Brachymystax) in the Lena River Basin,” Byull. Mosk. O-va Ispyt. Prirody. Otd. Biol. 89(55), 24–34 (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  37. V. P. Mitrofanov, “On the Systematics of Lenok from Lake Marka-Kul,” Sb. Rabot Ikhtiol. Gidrobiol. Inst. Zool. Akad. Nauk KazSSR, No. 2, 267–275 (1959).

  38. T. Mori, “On the Fresh Water Fishes from the Tumen River, Korea, with Description of New Species,” J. Chosen Nat. Hist. Soc., No. 11, 39–49 (1930).

    Google Scholar 

  39. M. Nei, “Analysis of Gene Diversity in Subdivided Populations,” Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U. S. 70, 3321–3323 (1973).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. M. Nei, “Estimation of Average Heterozygosity and Genetic Distance from a Small Number of Individuals,” Genetics 47, 253–259 (1978).

    Google Scholar 

  41. A. G. Osinov, “Counter Dispersal, Secondary Contacts, and Species Formation in Lenoks of the Genus Brachymystax (Salmonidae, Salmoniformes),” Genetika 29(4), 654–669 (1993).

    Google Scholar 

  42. A. G. Osinov, I. I. Il’in, and S. S. Alekseev, “Forms of Lenoks of the Genus Brachymystax (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae) in the Light of Data of the Population-Genetic Analysis,” Zool. Zh. 69(8), 76–90 (1990).

    Google Scholar 

  43. A. C. Peacock, S. L. Bunting, and K. G. Queen, “Serum Protein Electrophoresis in Acrylamide Gel: Patterns for Normal Human Subjects,” Science 147, 1451–1452 (1965).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. P. A. Popov and V. A. Popov, “Biocenotic Characteristics of Multinskie Lakes (Gornyi Altai),” Sib. Ekol. Zhn. 4(2), 185–190 (1997).

    Google Scholar 

  45. I. F. Pravdin, Guide on Fish Study (Pishch. Prom-st’, Moscow, 1966) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  46. E. P. Radchenko, “On the Fishing Industry of Teletskoe Lake,” Tr. Vses. Nauchno-Issled. Inst. Rybn. Khoz. Okeanogr. Raboty Ikhtiol. Lab. 2, 61–100 (1935).

    Google Scholar 

  47. Red Book of Altai Territory, Vol. 2: Rare and Endangered Animal Species (Izd-vo Altai Gos. Univ., Barnaul, 1998) [in Russian].

  48. Red Book of Kemerovo Oblast. Rare and Endangered Animal Species (Kn. Izd-vo, Kemerovo, 2000), p. 280 [in Russian].

  49. Red Book of the Republic of Altai. Animals. (Gos. Kom. Okhrany Okruzh. Sredy i Prirod. Resursov Resp. Altai, Novosibirsk, 1996), p. 260 [in Russian].

  50. Red Book of the Russian Federation (Animals) (AST, Astrel’, Moscow, 2001), p. 863 [in Russian].

  51. M. D. Ruzskii, “Fishes of the Tom River,” Izv. Inst. Issled. Sibiri, No. 2, 29–41 (1920).

  52. K. A. Savvaitova, V. A. Maksimov, and E. D. Medvedeva, “Salvelinus alpinus erythrinus (Georgi),” Vopr. Ikhtiol. 17(2), 203–219 (1977).

    Google Scholar 

  53. J. B. Shaklee, F. W. Allendorf, D. C. Morizot, and G. S. Ewhitt, Gene Nomenclature for Protein Coding Loci in Fish, Trans. Am. Fish Soc., No. 119, 2–15 (1990).

  54. S. V. Shed’ko, “Survey of Results of Study of Morphology, Mitochondrial DNA, Chromosome Sets, and Parasitofauna of the Blunt-Snouted and the Sharp-Snouted Lenoks from Rivers of Primorye: On the Origin and Systematics of the Genus Brachymystax (Salmonidae),” in Proceedings of the All-Russia Conference Dedicated to the 95th Anniversary of the Birth of Prof. A. N. Svetovidov and the 90th Anniversary of the Birth of Prof, D. N. Taliev on Modern Problems of Fish Systematics, St.-Peterburg, 1998 g (ZIN RAN, St. Petersburg, 1998), pp. 57–58 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  55. S. V. Shed’ko, “A List of Cyclostomata and Fish of Fresh Waters off the Coast of Primorye,” in Lectures in Memory of V. Ya. Levanidov. Issue. 1 (Dal’nauka, Vladivostok, 2001), pp. 229–249 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  56. S. V. Shed’ko, Candidate’s Dissertation in Biology (Biologo-Pochv. Inst. DVO RAN, Vladivostok, 2003).

    Google Scholar 

  57. S. V. Shed’ko and L. K. Ginatulina, “Restriction Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA in Two Forms of Lenok Brachymystax lenok (Pall.) and Taimen Hucho taimen (Pall.),” Genetika 29(5), 799–807 (1993).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. S. V. Shed’ko, L. K. Ginatulina, I. Z. Parpura, and A. V. Ermolenko, “Evolutionary and Taxonomic Relationships Among Far-Eastern Salmonid Fishes Inferred from Mitochondrial DNA Divergence,” J. Fish. Biol. 49, 815–829 (1996).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. S. V. Shed’ko and M. B. Shed’ko, “New Data on Freshwater Ichthyofauna in the South of Far East,” in Lectures in Memory of V. Ya. Levanidov. Issue. 2 (Dal’nauka, Valdivostok, 2003), pp. 319–336 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  60. N. V. Skalon, “Lenok Brachymystax lenok Pallas, 1773,” in The Red Book of Kemerovo Oblast. Rare and Endangered Animal Species (Kn. Izd-vo, Kemerovo, 2000), pp. 140–141 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  61. N. V. Skalon and T. N. Gagina, “Changes in Ichthyofauna of Salairo-Kuznetskoi Mountainous Region under the Anthropogenic Impact,” in Problems of Mountainous Nature Management, Part 3: Biological Resources (Barnaul, 1989), pp. 56–59.

  62. D. L. Swofford and R. B. Selander, BIOSYS-1. A PC Program for the Analysis of Allelic Variations in Population Genetics and Biochemical Systematics. Release 1.7. (Univ. Illinois. Nat. Hist. Surv., Urbana, Illinois, 1989).

    Google Scholar 

  63. E. D. Vasil’eva, “Osteological Characteristics of Lenok (Genus Brachymystax: Salmoniformes, Salmonidae) from Lake Marka-Kol and the Kalgir River,” Zool. Zh. 57(4), 555–561 (1978).

    Google Scholar 

  64. E. D. Vasil’eva and M. V. Mina, “A Comparative Analysis of Morphological Characters of Lenoks from Different Areas of the Range of the Genus Brachymystax (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae),” Zool. Zh. 59(1), 79–90 (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  65. I. N. Zhinkin, “On Fishes in Lakes of the Katun Alps,” in Studies of Lakes of the USSR, Issue 8, Ed. by I. V. Molchanov (Red.-Izdat. Otd. Tsentr. Upr. Edinoi Gidrometeo. Sluzhby, Leningrad, 1935), pp. 293–297 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  66. L. A. Zhivotovskii, “Index of Similarity of Populations by Polymorphic Characters,” Zh. Obshch. Biol. 60(4), 578–562 (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  67. A. V. Zhuravlev and O. S. Konovalova, “Ichthyofauna of the Middle Reaches of the Tom’ River,” in Biological Foundations of Fish Husbandry in Western Siberia (Nauka, Novosibirsk, 1983), pp. 162–164 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  68. S. F. Zolotukhin, A. Yu. Semenchenko, and V. A. Belyaev, Taimens and Lenoks in the Far East of Russia (Khabarovsk. Kraev. Tip., Khabarovsk, 2000) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Kol’tsov Institute of Developmental Biology, ul. Vavilova 26, Moscow, 119991, Russia

    S. S. Alekseev

  2. Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, Vorob’evy Gory, Moscow, 119992, Russia

    A. G. Osinov

Authors
  1. S. S. Alekseev
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. G. Osinov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

Original Russian Text © S.S. Alekseev, A.G. Osinov, 2006, published in Voprosy Ikhtiologii, 2006, Vol. 46, No. 4, pp. 478–494.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Alekseev, S.S., Osinov, A.G. Blunt-snouted lenoks (genus Brachymystax: Salmoniformes, Salmonidae) from the Ob’ basin: New data on morphology and allozyme variation. J. Ichthyol. 46, 500–516 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945206070022

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945206070022

Keywords

Search

Navigation