Aerosol Deposition of Hydroxyapatite and 4-Hexylresorcinol Coatings on Titanium Alloys for Dental Implants

doi:10.1016/j.joms.2011.06.002

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Volume 69, Issue 11, November 2011, Pages e354-e363

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2011.06.002 Get rights and content

Purpose

Aerosol deposition is a newly developed technique, and it can deliver the drug from a hydroxyapatite (HA)–coated surface. 4-Hexylresorcinol (4-HR) is a well-known antiseptic. The influence of the 4-HR component of HA coatings on titanium surfaces was studied in vitro and in vivo.

Materials and Methods

X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared techniques were used for the evaluation of the coating. The cellular response of the coating was evaluated by scanning electron microscopic study, MTT assay, alkaline phosphatase assay, and osteocalcin assay. In addition, the dental implant was coated with HA or HA + 4-HR. The implant was installed into the tibia of a rabbit after contamination by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. The torque test and histologic analysis were then performed at 8 weeks after the operation.

Results

By use of an aerosol deposition technique, the combination of HA and 4-HR was successfully coated onto a titanium surface, which was confirmed by x-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared techniques. MG63 cells attached more rapidly to the HA + 4-HR coating than to the HA-only coating. The HA + 4-HR coating had significantly increased osteocalcin expression and alkaline phosphatase activity compared with the HA-only coating (P < .05). The dental implant coated with HA + 4-HR had a significantly higher removal torque value than that coated with HA alone at 8 weeks after surgery (P < .05). On histologic analysis, both the bone formation value and the bone-to-implant contact value were significantly higher in the HA + 4-HR group than in the HA-only group at 8 weeks after surgery (P < .05).

Conclusions

Collectively, the HA + 4-HR–coated dental implant had clear advantages over the HA-coated dental implant. Therefore HA + 4-HR coatings can be considered for patients who need immediate implant installation after tooth extraction or who have poor-quality bone.

Section snippets

Aerosol Deposition Of HA And 4-hr Coatings On Titanium Alloys

The coating method is described in detail elsewhere.²⁵ In brief, titanium specimens (grade IV; Dynamet, Burlington, MA), which were machined into discs with dimensions of 5 mm (diameter) × 0.4 mm (thickness), were used as the substrate. These discs were cleaned ultrasonically in acetone, ethanol, and deionized water. The raw HA powder (Alfar Aesar, Ward Hill, MA) used in this study was subjected to predeposition treatment consisting of heating to 1,050°C for 2 hours and ball milling for 24

Surface Analysis Of 4-HR–coated HA Implant By XRD And FT-IR And Better Cell Attachment

The XRD pattern for HA-coated titanium was well matched to the characteristic hexagonal phase of the stoichiometric HA (ICDD No. 086-0740) (Fig 1A). Relatively strong peak intensity from the titanium compared with that of HA was also observed. When the film was further coated with 4-HR, the diffraction pattern of the HA was still conserved.

The measured infrared absorption spectrum of the HA showed characteristic vibrational modes; 2 vibrational absorptions at 1,090 and 1,024 cm^–1 can be

Discussion

Microorganisms can adhere to the HA-coated surface easily as a biofilm and can induce inflammation around the implant fixture.³¹ 4-HR is a well-known ingredient for oral antiseptics.²³ HA particles were mixed with 4-HR and coated on a titanium surface. In this study the HA + 4-HR combination coating had a clear advantage compared with the HA coating alone. First, the HA + 4-HR coating had better cellular attachment than the HA coating. Second, the HA + 4-HR coating had higher osteocalcin

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In addition, the HA deposits on Mg with the PCL interlayer were found to have better stability during deformation if compared to those on Mg without the interlayer [572]. Due to the ambient processing conditions, various types of CaPO4-based biocomposites might be deposited by AD [575–578]. For example, to deposit HA/chitosan biocomposites on AZ31 Mg alloy substrates, researchers employed a slit-type nozzle with a 10 × 0.5 mm2 rectangular opening and air as a carrier gas with a flow rate of 30 L/min.
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: This study was supported by grants from the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation and Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (The Regional Core Research Program); grant R32-10064 from the WCU Project of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology and the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation; and Brain Korea 21 Project in 2010. This research was partly supported by a grant from the Fundamental R&D Program for Core Technology of Materials funded by the Ministry of Knowledge Economy, Republic of Korea. This study was also supported by a grant from the BioGreen21 Program (No. PJ007170201006) and the Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Republic of Korea.

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Dental implantAerosol Deposition of Hydroxyapatite and 4-Hexylresorcinol Coatings on Titanium Alloys for Dental Implants

Purpose

Materials and Methods

Results

Conclusions

Section snippets

Aerosol Deposition Of HA And 4-hr Coatings On Titanium Alloys

Surface Analysis Of 4-HR–coated HA Implant By XRD And FT-IR And Better Cell Attachment

Discussion

J Hosp Infect

J Prosthet Dent

Arch Oral Biol

J Evid Based Dent Pract

J Oral Maxillofac Surg

Acta Biomater

Biomaterials

Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod

Biomaterials

Biochim Biophys Acta

Neurosci Lett

J Biol Chem

Med Clin North Am

Systemic conditions and treatments as risks for implant therapy

Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants

Effect of surface roughness on initial responses of osteoblast-like cells on two types of zirconia

Dent Mater J

The role of surface microtopography in the modulation of osteoblast differentiation

Eur Cell Mater

In vivo and in vitro biofilm formation on two different titanium implant surfaces

Clin Oral Implants Res

The efficacy of bone replacement grafts in the treatment of periodontal osseous defectsA systematic review

Ann Periodontol

Clinicopathologic analysis of 15 explanted hydroxyapatite implants

Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg

Bacterial adhesion to bisphosphonate coated hydroxyapatite

J Mater Sci Mater Med

Bacteroides gingivalis vesicles mediate attachment of streptococci to serum-coated hydroxyapatite

Oral Microbiol Immunol

Dental implant
Aerosol Deposition of Hydroxyapatite and 4-Hexylresorcinol Coatings on Titanium Alloys for Dental Implants