The Impact of Treatment Components Suggested by the Psychological Flexibility Model: A Meta-Analysis of Laboratory-Based Component Studies
Highlights
► Meta-analysis of lab-based component studies related to psychological flexibility. ► Significant positive effect size for each component compared to inactive conditions. ► Larger effect size for theoretically specified outcomes. ► Significant positive effect sizes relative to theoretically distinct interventions. ► Larger effect size for conditions with experiential methods than rationale-alone.
Section snippets
Eligibility criteria
The current meta-analysis included English-language published, peer-reviewed laboratory-based studies testing single-session component conditions targeting a subset of psychological flexibility components (acceptance, defusion, present moment, self as context, values, committed action) as compared to alternative conditions to which participants were randomly assigned (e.g., distraction, attention control condition). Studies had to include at least one outcome of possible applied or theoretical
Are psychological flexibility components psychologically active?
At the most basic level, it seems important to determine whether psychological flexibility components generally affect outcome variables in laboratory-based component studies, whether or not these outcomes are targeted theoretically. In order to assess whether components were psychologically active (i.e., have any effect on psychological outcomes), their impact on all outcomes was examined relative to inactive comparison conditions. Effect sizes were calculated for each psychological
Discussion
In broad terms, the present meta-analysis of laboratory-based component studies provides support for the usefulness and theoretical coherence of components specified by the psychological flexibility model. Significant positive effect sizes were observed for acceptance, defusion, present moment, values, mixed mindfulness, and values plus mindfulness conditions compared to inactive conditions, suggesting these components of psychological flexibility are psychologically active. Larger effect sizes
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