1 Morphology, biology and biochemistry of cobalamin- and folate-deficient bone marrow cells
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Cited by (36)
Metabolism-mediated thrombotic microangiopathy and B12
2022, Vitamins and HormonesCitation Excerpt :Most of the reported cases of MM-TMA described blood work showing evidence of a positive non-immune hemolysis panel. Hemolysis is mechanical mainly due to the large red cells and is associated with significant elevation of the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) > 2500 IU/L (Wickramasinghe, 1995). Peripheral smear invariably shows significant macrocytosis, anisocytosis, poikilocytosis, schistocytes and hypersegmented neutrophils (Fahmawi et al., 2019).
Cellular uptake of cobalamin: Transcobalamin and the TCblR/CD320 receptor
2013, BiochimieCitation Excerpt :Cbl deficiency produces interruption of folate pathways, resulting in homocysteinemia due to inhibition of the methionine synthase pathway and methylmalonic acidemia due to inhibition of the mutase pathway [3]. The anemia and hematologic changes in the form of megaloblastic bone marrow are due to abnormal DNA synthesis attributed to folate deficiency as a consequence of Cbl deficiency [4]. However, the demyelination of the spinal cord and peripheral nerves seen in Cbl deficiency has not been linked to any specific pathways involving Cbl.
Macrocytic anemia
2011, Blood and Bone Marrow Pathology: Expert ConsultMacrocytic anemia
2011, Blood and Bone Marrow PathologyThe multi-faceted basis of vitamin B<inf>12</inf> (cobalamin) neurotrophism in adult central nervous system: Lessons learned from its deficiency
2009, Progress in NeurobiologyCitation Excerpt :TNF-α is widely considered an anti-hematopoietic cytokine (Roodman, 1992), and it is worth remembering that the two key features of hematopoiesis are the interactions of erythropoietic with non-erythropoietic or stromal cells, and the balance between positive and negative feedback mechanisms operating within the island niche in which cell–cell interactions, soluble factors, and macrophages play central roles (Chasis and Mohandas, 2008). The anemia that is typical of adult Cbl-deficient patients might therefore be caused by the concurrence of biochemical abnormalities in megaloblasts (mainly Cbl-deficiency-induced impairment in DNA synthesis (Wickramasinghe, 1995, 1999; Koury and Ponka, 2004; see also Section 1.1.3)) and increased TNF-α release by TNF-α-producing cells in the bone marrow (Scalabrino and Peracchi, 2006). As for the gastrointestinal tract, EGF is a well-known protective factor of the intestinal mucosa (Clark et al., 2005, 2006) as has been demonstrated by its potential therapeutic use in infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (Caplan, 2007), and so the overall reduction in its production (which is mirrored by the decreased serum and CSF EGF levels in adult Cbl-deficient patients) might contribute to the epithelial damage of the alimentary tract in adult patients with clinically confirmed severe Cbl deficiency (Scalabrino and Peracchi, 2006).
Cyanocobalamin may be beneficial in the treatment of recurrent aphthous ulcers even when vitamin B12 levels are normal
2008, American Journal of the Medical SciencesCitation Excerpt :These studies suggest that there maybe a correlation between serum cobalamin levels and RAU. Cobalamin plays several important roles in cell physiology.16 Cobalamin is the cofactor of methylmalonyl-CoA mutase enzyme, that has an important role in the extraction of energy from proteins and fats as well as a cofactor for the 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (THF)-homocysteine methyltransferase enzyme that catalyses the formation of 5,10-methylene-THF which takes part in DNA and thymine synthesis.