Lanthanide compounds—Catalysts of stereospecific polymerization of diene monomers. Review☆
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Cyclopentadienyls and Phospholyls of the Group 3 Metals and Lanthanides
2022, Comprehensive Organometallic Chemistry IV: Volume 1-15Neodymium catalysts for polymerization of dienes, vinyl monomers, and ϵ-caprolactone
2021, Polymer ChemistryNeodymium versatate catalyst for the 1,3-butadiene polymerization – Effects of reaction parameters
2020, Catalysis TodayCitation Excerpt :These catalysts can produce elastomers with different characteristics, depending on the metal that is used. For example, cobalt produces branched chain polybutadienes, whereas neodymium produces essentially linear polymers [4–7]. Neodymium catalysts are used commonly for the manufacture of butadiene elastomers because they provide very high catalytic activities and polymer materials with very high 1,4-cis contents, that present many comparative advantages, such as better abrasion resistance, higher resilience and improved hysteresis characteristics [4,7–10].
The influence of water molecules on NdCl<inf>3</inf>·3C<inf>3</inf>H<inf>8</inf>O in the properties: A DFT study
2017, Journal of Molecular StructureCitation Excerpt :Since 1971, the industrial development of rare earth polybutadiene rubber [5–7] by using rare earth complex catalysts [8,9] was carried out in the world [2]. The research of rare earth polybutadiene rubber had also made breakthrough progress in Britain, Italy, Germany, Japan and other countries [10–12]. So rare earth contained catalyst is one of very important catalysts in industry.
Soluble neodymium chloride 2-ethylhexanol complex as a highly active catalyst for controlled isoprene polymerization
2007, PolymerCitation Excerpt :Both types of catalysts show high activity and high cis-1,4 stereospecificity in hydrocarbon solution, providing polybutadiene, polyisoprene and butadiene–isoprene copolymers with high cis-1,4 content (>95%). These polymers exhibit excellent properties widely used as tires and other elastic materials [1–8]. In comparison with the ternary system, binary system has not been employed extensively in commercial application due to relatively lower activity resulting from poor solubility in aliphatic solvents.
Homogeneous neodymium iso-propoxide/modified methylaluminoxane catalyst for isoprene polymerization
2003, PolymerCitation Excerpt :It is known that neodymium (Nd) based catalysts activated by alkylaluminums (R3Al) display high cis-1,4 stereospecificity (>95%) in both homopolymerization of butadiene and isoprene and their copolymerization. These catalysts achieve good polymer yields in aliphatic hydrocarbons to provide polymers with excellent properties, which are suitable to the use as tires and other elastic materials [1–6]. However, the molecular weight (MW) and molecular weight distribution (MWD) of the resulting polymers are not well controlled, which is attributable to the heterogeneity of the catalyst systems and/or the multiple nature of the active species.
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Vysokomol. soyed. A33: No. 3, 467–496, 1991.