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Wastewater-based epidemiology in low Human Development Index states: bias in consumption monitoring of illicit drugs

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Abstract

Wastewater-based epidemiology is a promising approach worldwide, and its application is currently being developed in non-advanced economies. This technology, based on known toxicokinetic data initially used to detect illicit drugs in well-managed and maintained local sewer networks, has been extended to assess other products such as pesticides, alcohol, flame retardants, nicotine, and other substances. This technology is also used in countries with non-advanced economies. The present review aims to support future wastewater-based epidemiology in such countries by providing toxicokinetic data for locally used narcotic drugs that are expected or known to be emerging in developed countries, outlining the excretion differences due to human polymorphism, and summarising the practical obstacles due to the coverage, maintenance efficiency, or type of local sewage network.Case study feedback from Martinique is presented as an example; the Martinique field study complies with the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development standards for health issues, but not with regard to population and urban dynamics.

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Acknowledgements

The authors appreciate the help of Victoria Grace for the English language corrections.

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  1. Faculté de Pharmacie, Univ. Paris Sud, Univ. Paris Saclay, UMR 8079, CNRS, AgroParisTech, France, 5 rue J. B. Clement, 92290, Chatenay-Malabry, France

    Damien A. Devault & Yves Lévi

  2. Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Martinique, CS 90632 – 97261, Fort-de-France Cedex, France

    Hadrien Maguet

  3. Observatoire de la Santé de la Martinique, Immeuble Objectif 3000, Acajou sud, 97232, Le Lamentin, Martinique

    Sylvie Merle

  4. Laboratoire EA 929 AIHP-GEODE-BIOSPHERES Campus Universitaire de Schœlcher, 97275, Schœlcher, France

    Anne Péné-Annette

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Devault, D.A., Maguet, H., Merle, S. et al. Wastewater-based epidemiology in low Human Development Index states: bias in consumption monitoring of illicit drugs. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 27819–27838 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2864-7

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