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Ebselen, a promising antioxidant drug: mechanisms of action and targets of biological pathways

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Abstract

Ebselen, an organoselenium compound, mimics glutathione peroxidase activity. It is a multifunctional compound, which catalyzes several essential reactions for the protection of cellular components from oxidative and free radical damage. Based on a number of in vitro and in vivo studies, various mechanisms are proposed to understand the biomedical actions of ebselen in health and diseases. It modulates metallo-proteins, enzymatic cofactors, gene expression, epigenetics, antioxidant defenses and immune systems. Owing to these properties, ebselen is currently under clinical trials for the prevention and treatment of various disorders such as cardiovascular diseases, arthritis, stroke, atherosclerosis, and cancer. A few ebselen-based pharmaceutical agents are under extensive investigation. As ebselen has been shown to have significant cellular toxicity, appropriate studies are needed to redesign the ebselen-based therapy for clinical trials. This review summarizes current understanding of the biochemical and molecular properties, and pharmacological applications of ebselen and future directions in this area of research.

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Acknowledgments

We apologize to the authors whose work is not cited due to space limitation. Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Govt. of India is acknowledged for fellowship support to GKA. This work was financially supported by the fund from Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Govt. of India to RST. Members of the Laboratory of Chromatin Biology are acknowledged for helpful discussions throughout the preparation of this manuscript.

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  1. Laboratory of Chromatin Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, 462023, India

    Gajendra Kumar Azad & Raghuvir S. Tomar

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Azad, G.K., Tomar, R.S. Ebselen, a promising antioxidant drug: mechanisms of action and targets of biological pathways. Mol Biol Rep 41, 4865–4879 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-014-3417-x

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