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Is Iodine A Gatekeeper of the Integrity of the Mammary Gland?

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Abstract

This paper reviews evidence showing iodine as an antioxidant and antiproliferative agent contributing to the integrity of normal mammary gland. Seaweed is an important dietary component in Asian communities and a rich source of iodine in several chemical forms. The high consumption of this element (25 times more than in Occident) has been associated with the low incidence of benign and cancer breast disease in Japanese women. In animal and human studies, molecular iodine (I2) supplementation exerts a suppressive effect on the development and size of both benign and cancer neoplasias. This effect is accompanied by a significant reduction in cellular lipoperoxidation. Iodine, in addition to its incorporation into thyroid hormones, is bound into antiproliferative iodolipids in the thyroid called iodolactones, which may also play a role in the proliferative control of mammary gland. We propose that an I2 supplement should be considered as an adjuvant in breast cancer therapy.

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Abbreviations

H2O2:

hydrogen peroxide

I2:

molecular iodine

I−:

iodide

I+:

iodinium

I0:

iodine free radical

I∗:

oxidized iodine species

IO−:

hypoiodite

IO3− :

iodate

KI:

potassium iodide

LPO:

lactoperoxidase

MNU:

N-methyl-N-nitrosourea

NIS:

sodium iodide symporter

O2:

single oxygen

O2−:

superoxide anions

•OH:

hydroxyl radicals

PEN:

pendrin

PPAR:

peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

T3:

triiodothyronine

T4:

thyroxine

TPO:

thyroperoxidase

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, Juriquilla Qro., 76230, México

    Carmen Aceves, Brenda Anguiano & Guadalupe Delgado

  2. Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, Km 15 Carretera Qro-SLP, Juriquilla, Querétaro, 76230, México;

    Carmen Aceves

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  1. Carmen Aceves
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Correspondence to Carmen Aceves.

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Aceves, C., Anguiano, B. & Delgado, G. Is Iodine A Gatekeeper of the Integrity of the Mammary Gland?. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 10, 189–196 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10911-005-5401-5

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