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Iodine prophylaxis—the protective factor against stomach cancer in iodine deficient areas

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Abstract

Background

Poland has one of the highest death rates for stomach cancer in Europe. Moderate iodine deficiency and in consequence high goitre prevalence led to the implementation in 1996 of a very efficient mandatory model of iodine prophylaxis, based on household salt iodisation (30 ± 10mg KI/1 kg of salt).

Aim of the study

The aim of the study was evaluation of incidence rate of stomach cancer and its possible relation to increased iodine consumption in the years 1992–2004.

Methods

Iodine supply and effectiveness of iodine prophylaxis were evaluated on the basis of comparative analysis of goitre prevalence and ioduria in schoolchildren. To allow comparison between time periods with varying population age structures, the incidence rates of stomach cancer were standardized for age, using the “world standard population”. The direct standardization method has been applied. For each sex, the time-trend of incidence rates was shown in graphs over the years 1991–2004.

Results

Evident increase in iodine consumption in this period of time was proved by rise in percentage of schoolchildren (6–8 years old) with ioduria above 100 µg/l from 11.4% in 1992–1993 to 52.9.1% in 2003. It was correlated with the decrease in goitre prevalence from 18.8% to 3.2% respectively. The 24-h thyroid uptake of 131I in investigated population fell from 45.5% in 1986 to 26.8% in 1998. In Krakow the standardized incidence ratio of stomach cancer for men decreased from 19.1 per 100,000 to 15.7 per 100,000, and for women from 8.3 per 100,000 to 5.9 per 100,000 in the years 1992–2004. A significant decline of average rate of decrease was observed in men and women (2.3% and 4.0% per year respectively).

Conclusion

Observed association between improved iodine supply and decrease of incidence of stomach cancer could indicate the protective role against stomach cancer of iodine prophylaxis in iodine deficient areas—further studies are necessary.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, Kopernika 17, 31-501, Krakow, Poland

    Filip Gołkowski MD, PhD, Zbigniew Szybiński, Monika Buziak-Bereza, Małgorzata Trofimiuk, Alicja Hubalewska-Dydejczyk, Elwira Przybylik-Mazurek & Bohdan Huszno

  2. Epidemiology Unit, Centre of Oncology, M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Institute, Krakow, Poland

    Jadwiga Rachtan & Andrzej Sokołowski

Authors
  1. Filip Gołkowski MD, PhD
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  2. Zbigniew Szybiński
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  3. Jadwiga Rachtan
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  4. Andrzej Sokołowski
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  5. Monika Buziak-Bereza
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  6. Małgorzata Trofimiuk
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  7. Alicja Hubalewska-Dydejczyk
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  8. Elwira Przybylik-Mazurek
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  9. Bohdan Huszno
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Filip Gołkowski MD, PhD.

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Gołkowski, F., Szybiński, Z., Rachtan, J. et al. Iodine prophylaxis—the protective factor against stomach cancer in iodine deficient areas. Eur J Nutr 46, 251–256 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-007-0657-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-007-0657-8

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