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Recent Advances on Polymer Nanocomposite-Based Radiation Shielding Materials for Medical Science

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Biomedical Engineering and its Applications in Healthcare

Abstract

Nowadays, radiation is an integral part of our lives and economy by means of natural and human activity such as UV radiation (forensic analysis, medical imaging) (www.sciencing.com), microwave radiation (mobile phone, radar) (www.ffden-2.phys.uaf.edu), X-ray (radiology, security scan, material analysis) (www.labmate-online.com), and alpha, beta, gamma radiations (nuclear medicine, radiotherapy) (www.bbc.co.uk). The unwanted exposure to these radiations can lead to health disorder (cancer, birth defect) and other kinds of accidents. Therefore, protection of our health and environment from the radiation is necessary, and development of radiation protection nanocomposite is now an emergent field of research. Usually, a high-density material lead is used to protect in general from any kind of radiation and in particular from nuclear radiation. However, due to high atomic weight and high toxicity of lead, it has limited applications, and researchers are encouraged to look for a lightweight, nontoxic, low-cost polymer nanocomposite material as an alternative for lead. In this chapter, the following points will be summarized such as radiation used in medical field, unwanted exposure of environmental radiation, existing radiation shielding materials, and recent advancement on polymer-based lightweight cum high-efficient composite shielding materials.

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Acknowledgement

Authors acknowledge DST-SERB, Government of India, for financial support through two SERB projects (No. EMR/2016/002634 and EMR/2016/ 004219) sanctioned to Dr. Mrityunjoy Mahato. Authors also would like to thank Department of BSSS, NEHU, Shillong, for providing laboratory working facility. AN and AS would like to acknowledge Non-NET NEHU PhD fellowship and SB for Non-NET SERB project fellowship to carry out research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Physics Division, Department of Basic Sciences and Social Sciences, School of Technology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, India

    Abhijit Nath, Aunggat Shah, Sanjeev Bhandari & Mrityunjoy Mahato

  2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, India

    Manashjit Gogoi

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  1. Abhijit Nath
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  2. Aunggat Shah
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  3. Sanjeev Bhandari
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  4. Manashjit Gogoi
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  5. Mrityunjoy Mahato
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, India

    Sudip Paul

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Nath, A., Shah, A., Bhandari, S., Gogoi, M., Mahato, M. (2019). Recent Advances on Polymer Nanocomposite-Based Radiation Shielding Materials for Medical Science. In: Paul, S. (eds) Biomedical Engineering and its Applications in Healthcare. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3705-5_26

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