Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Intestinal Trematode Infections

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Digenetic Trematodes

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1154))

Abstract

Intestinal trematodes are among the most common types of parasitic worms. About 76 species belonging to 14 families have been recorded infecting humans. Infection commonly occurs when humans eat raw or undercooked foods that contain the infective metacercariae. These parasites are diverse with regard to their morphology, geographical distribution, and life cycle, which make it difficult to study the parasitic diseases that they cause. Many of these intestinal trematodes have been considered as endemic parasites in the past. However, the geographical limits and the population at risk are currently expanding and changing in relation to factors such as growing international markets, improved transportation systems, new eating habits in developed countries and demographic changes. These factors make it necessary to better understand intestinal trematode infections. This chapter describes the main features of human intestinal trematodes in relation to their biology, epidemiology, host–parasite relationships, pathogenicity, clinical aspects, diagnosis, treatment, and control.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Agger MK, Simonsen PE, Vennervald BJ (1993) The antibody response in serum, intestinal wall and intestinal lumen of NMRI mice infected with Echinostoma caproni. J Helminthol 67:169–178

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Asada JI, Otagaki H, Morita M, Takeuchi T, Sakai Y, Kojishi T, Okahashi K (1962) A case report on the human infection with Plagiorchis muris Tanabe, 1922 in Japan. Jpn J Parasitol 11:512–516

    Google Scholar 

  • Ashour DS, Othman AA, Radi DA (2014) Insights into regulatory molecules of intestinal epithelial cell turnover during experimental infection by Heterophyes heterophyes. Exp Parasitol 143:48–54

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bandyopadhyay AK, Nandy A (1986) A preliminary observation on the prevalence of echinostomes in a tribal community near Calcutta. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 80:373–375

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bandyopadhyay AK, Manna B, Nandy A (1989) Human infection of Artyfechinostomum oraoni n. sp. (Paryphostominae: Echinostomatidae) in a tribal community, “Oraons” in West Bengal, India. Indian J Parasitol 13:191–196

    Google Scholar 

  • Beaver PC, Jung RC, Cupp EW (1984) Clinical parasitology, 9th edn. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  • Belizario VY, Geronilla GG, Anastacio MBM, de Leon WU, Suba-an AU, Sebastian AC, Bangs MJ (2007) Echinostoma malayanum infection, in the Philippines. Emerg Infect Dis 13:1130–1131

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Bhattacharjee HK, Yadav D, Bagga D (2009) Fasciolopsis presenting as intestinal perforation: a case report. Trop Gastroenterol 30:40–41

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brunet LR, Joseph S, Dunne DW et al (2000) Immune responses during the acute stages of infection with the intestinal trematode Echinostoma caproni. Parasitology 120:565–571

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Buckley JJC (1939) Observations on Gastrodiscoides hominis and Fasciolopsis buski in Assam. J Helminthol 17:1–12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bunnag D, Radomyos P, Harinasuta T (1983) Field trial on the treatment of fasciolopsiasis with praziquantel. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 14:216–219

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Butcher AR, Grove DI (2001) Description of the life-cycle stages of Brachylaima cribbi n. sp. (Digenea: Brachylaimidae) derived from eggs recovered from human faeces in Australia. Syst Parasitol 49:211–221

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Butcher AR, Talbot GA, Norton RE, Kirk MD, Cribb TH, Forsyth JR, Knight B, Cameron AS (1996) Locally acquired Brachylaima sp. (Digenea: Brachylaimidae) intestinal fluke infection in two South Australian infants. Med J Aust 164:475–478

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Butcher AR, Parasuramar PS, Thompson CS, Grove DI (1998) First report of the isolation of an adult worm of the genus Brachylaima (Digenea: Brachylaimidae), from the gastrointestinal tract of a human. Int J Parasitol 28:607–610

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Butcher AR, Palethorpe HM, Grove DI (2002) Effects of sex and age on the susceptibility of C57BL/6J mice to infection with Brachylaima cribbi and the course of the infection in NOD SCID mice. Parasitol Res 88:668–674

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Butcher AR, Palethorpe HM, Grove DI (2003) Response to re-infection with Brachylaima cribbi in immunocompetent and immunodeficient mice. Parasitol Int 52:219–228

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cao YH, Ma YM, Qiu F, Zhang XQ (2015) Rare cause of appendicitis: mechanical obstruction due to Fasciolopsis buski infestation. World J Gastroenterol 21:3146–3149

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Carney WP (1991) Echinostomiasis—a snail-borne intestinal disease. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 22:206–211

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Carney WP, Sudomo M, Purnomo A (1980) Echinostomiasis: a disease that disappeared. Trop Geogr Med 32:101–105

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chai JY (2007) Intestinal flukes. In: Murrell KD, Fried B (eds) Food-borne parasitic zoonoses: fish and plant-borne parasites, world class parasites, vol 1. Springer, New York, pp 53–115

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Chai JY (2009) Echinostomes in humans. In: Fried B, Toledo R (eds) The biology of Echinostomes. From the molecule to the community. Springer, New York, pp 147–183

    Google Scholar 

  • Chai JY, Lee SH (1991) Intestinal trematodes infecting humans in Korea. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 22:163–170

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chai JY, Lee SH (2002) Food-borne intestinal trematode infections in the Republic of Korea. Parasitol Int 51:129–154

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chai JY, Seo BS, Lee SH, Hong SJ, Sohn WM (1986) Human infections by Heterophyes heterophyes and H. dispar imported from Saudi Arabia. Korean J Parasitol 24:82–88

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chai JY, Huh S, Yu JR (1993) An epidemiological study of metagonimiasis along the upper reaches of the Namhau River. Korean J Parasitol 31:99–108

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chai JY, Hong ST, Lee SH, Lee GC, Min YI (1994) A case of echinostomiasis with ulcerative lesions in the duodenum. Korean J Parasitol 32:201–204

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chai JY, Kim IM, Seo M, Guk SM, Kim JL, Sohn WM, Lee SH (1997) A new focus of Heterophyes nocens, Pygidiopsis summa, and other intestinal flukes in a coastal area of Muan-gun, Chollanam-do. Korean J Parasitol 35:233–238

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chai JY, Kim TK, Cho WH, Seo M, Kook J, Guk SM, Lee SH (1998) Intestinal mastocytosis and goblet cell hyperplasia in BALB/c and C3H mice infected with Neodiplostomum seoulense. Korean J Parasitol 36:109–119

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chai JY, Chung WJ, Kook J, Seo M, Park YK, Guk SM, Choi MH, Lee SH (1999) Growth and development of Gymnophalloides seoi in immunocompetent and immunosupressed C3H/HeN mice. Korean J Parasitol 37:21–26

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Chai JY, Lee HS, Hong SJ, Yoo JH, Guk SM, Seo M, Choi MH, Lee SH (2001) Intestinal histopathology and in situ postures of Gymnophalloides seoi in experimentally infected mice. Korean J Parasitol 39:31–41

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Chai JY, Choi MH, Yu JR, Lee SH (2003) Gymnophalloides seoi, a new human intestinal trematode. Trends Parasitol 19:109–112

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chai JY, Park JH, Han ET, Shin EH, Kim JL, Guk SM, Hong KS, Lee SH, Rim HJ (2004) Prevalence of Heterophyes nocens and Pygydiopsis summa infections among residents in Western and Southern coastal islands of the Republic of Korea. Am J Trop Med Hyg 71:617–622

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chai JY, Shin EH, Lee SH, Rim HJ (2009a) Foodborne intestinal flukes in Southeast Asia. Korean J Parasitol 47:S69–S102

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Chai JY, Han ET, Shin EH, Sohn WM, Yong TS, Eom KS, Min DY, Um JY, Park MS, Hoang EH, Phommasack B, Insisiengmay B, Lee SH, Rim HJ (2009b) High prevalence of Haplorchis taichui, Phaneropsolus molenkampi, and other helminth infections among people in Khammouane province, Lao PDR. Korean J Parasitol 47:243–247

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Chai JY, Sohn WM, Yong TS, Eom KS, Min DY, Hoang EH, Phammasack B, Insisiengmay B, Rim HJ (2012) Echinostome flukes recovered from humans in Khammouane Province, Lao PDR. Korean J Parasitol 50:269–272

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Chai JY, Sohn WM, Yong TS, Eom KS, Min DY, Lee MY, Lim H, Insisiengmay B, Phommasack B, Rim HJ (2013) Centrocestus formosanus (Heterophyidae): human infections and the infection source in Lao PDR. J Parasitol 99:531–536

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chai JY, Sohn WM, Cho J, Eom KS, Yong TS, Min DY, Hoang EH, Phommasack B, Insisiengmay B, Rim HJ (2018) Echinostoma ilocanum infection in two residents of Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR. Korean J Parasitol 56:75–79

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Chang YD, Sohn WM, Ryu JH, Kang SY, Hong SJ (2005) A human infection of Echinostoma hortense in duodenal bulb diagnosed by endoscopy. Korean J Parasitol 43:57–60

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Chen CE, Cai GD (1985) Morphological testimony: demonstration of a case of human infestation with Cotylurus japonicus Ishii, 1932 (Trematoda, Strigeidae). Bull Hum Med 10:31–34

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen XQ, Feng GX, Qian ZF (1993) Survey on infection due to Echinostoma hortense in Liaoning Province. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis 11:226

    Google Scholar 

  • Cheng YZ, Lin JX, Fang YY, Lin AQ, Chen BJ, Zhunag HJ (1992) Discovery of human infection with Echinostoma angustitestis. Chin J Zoonoses 8:7–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Chi JG, Kim CW, Kim JR, Hong ST, Lee SH (1988) Intestinal pathology in human metagonimiasis with ultrastructural observations of parasites. J Korean Med Sci 3:171–177

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Chieffi PP, Gorla MC, Torres DM, Dias RM, Mangini AC, Monteiro AV, Woiciechovski E (1992) Human infection by Phagicola sp. (Trematoda, Heterophyidae) in the municipality of Registro, São Paulo State, Brazil. J Trop Med Hyg 95:346–348

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cho SY, Kim SI, Kang SY (1987) Specific IgG responses in experimental cat metagonimiasis. Korean J Parasitol 25:149–153

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cho CM, Tak WY, Kweon YO, Kim SK, Choi YH, Kong HH, Chung DI (2003) A human case of Echinostoma hortense (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) infection diagnosed by gastroduodenal endoscopy in Korea. Korean J Parasitol 41:117–120

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Cho YK, Ryang YS, Kim IS, Park SK, Im JA, Lee KJ (2007) Differential immune profiles following experimental Echinostoma hortense infection in BALB/c and C3H/HeN mice. Parasitol Res 100:1053–1061

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cho SH, Cho PY, Lee DM, Kim TS, Kim IS, Hwang EJ, Na BK, Sohn WM (2010) Epidemiological survey on the infection of intestinal flukes in residents of Muan-gun, Jeollanam-do, the Republic of Korea. Korean J Parasitol 48:133–138

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Chung PR, Jung Y, Kim DS (1996) Segmentina (Polypylis) hemisphaerula (Gastropoda: Planorbidae): a new molluscan intermediate host of a human intestinal fluke Neodiplostomum seoulensis (Trematoda: Diplostomatidae) in Korea. J Parasitol 82:336–338

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chung PR, Jung Y, Park YK, Hwang MG (2002) Host specificity of Austropeplea ollula (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae) to miracidial infection with a human intestinal fluke Neodiplostomum seoulense (Trematoda: Diplostomatidae) in Korea. J Parasitol 88:630–631

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chung OS, Lee HJ, Kim YM, Sohn WM, Kwak SJ, Seo M (2011) First report of human infection with Gynaecotyla squatarolae and first Korean record of Haplorchis pumilio in a patient. Parasitol Int 60:227–229

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chunge RN, Chunge CN (2017) Infection with Echinostoma sp. in a group of travellers to Lake Tanganyika, Tanzania, in January 2017. J Travel Med 24(5): 1–3

    Google Scholar 

  • Clarke MD, Carney WP, Cross JH, Hadidjaja P, Oemijati S, Joesoef A (1974) Schistosomiasis and other human parasitoses of Lake Lindu in Central Suwalesi (Celebes), Indonesia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 23:385–392

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cortés A, Sotillo J, Muñoz-Antoli C, Fried B, Esteban JG, Toledo R (2014) Intestinal IFN-γ production is associated with protection from clinical signs, but not with elimination of worms, in Echinostoma caproni infected-mice. Parasitol Res 113:2037–2045

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cortés A, Sotillo J, Muñoz-Antoli C, Fried B, Esteban JG, Toledo R (2015a) Altered protein expression in the ileum of mice associated with the development of chronic infections with Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda). PLoS Negl Trop Dis 9:e0004082

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cortés A, Muñoz-Antoli C, Martín-Grau C, Esteban JG, Grencis RK, Toledo R (2015b) Differential alterations in the small intestine epithelial cell turnover during acute and chronic infection with Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda). Parasit Vectors 8:334

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Cortés A, Muñoz-Antoli C, Sotillo J, Fried B, Esteban JG, Toledo R (2015c) Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda): differential in vivo mucin expression and glycosylation in high- and low-compatible hosts. Parasite Immunol 37:32–42

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cortés A, Sotillo J, Muñoz-Antolí C, Trelis M, Esteban JG, Toledo R (2016) Definitive host influences the proteomic profile of excretory/secretory products of the trematode Echinostoma caproni. Parasit Vectors 9:185

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cortés A, Sotillo J, Muñoz-Antolí C, Molina-Durán J, Esteban JG, Toledo R (2017a) Antibody trapping: a novel mechanism of parasite immune evasion by the trematode Echinostoma caproni. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 11:e0005773

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cortés A, García-Ferrús M, Sotillo J, Esteban JG, Toledo R, Muñoz-Antolí C (2017b) Effects of dietary intake of garlic on intestinal trematodes. Parasitol Res 116:2119–2129

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cortés A, Muñoz-Antolí C, Álvarez-Izquierdo M, Sotillo J, Esteban JG, Toledo R (2018) Adaptation of the secretome of Echinostoma caproni may contribute to parasite survival in a Th1 milieu. Parasitol Res 117:947–957

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cremonte F, Pina S, Gilardoni C, Rodrigues P, Chai JY, Ituarte C (2013) A new species of gymnophallid (Digenea) and an amended diagnosis of the genus Gymnophalloides Fujita, 1925. J Parasitol 99:85–92

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cribb TH, Bray RA, Olson PD, Littlewood DT (2003) Life cycle evolution in the digenea: a new perspective from phylogeny. Adv Parasitol 54:197–254

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cross JH, Clarke MD, Cole WC (1976) Parasitic infection in humans in West Kalimantan (Borneo) Indonesia. Trop Geogr Med 28:121–130

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • De NV, Le TH (2011) Human infections of fish-borne trematodes in Vietnam: prevalence and molecular specific identification at an endemic commune in Nam Dinh province. Exp Parasitol 129:355–361

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • DeGirolami PC, Kimber J (1983) Intestinal parasites among Southeast Asian refugees in Massachusetts. Am J Clin Pathol 79:502–504

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ditrich O, Kopacek P, Giboda M, Gutvirth J, Scholz T (1991) Serological differentiation of human small fluke infections using Opisthorchis viverrini and Haplorchis taichui antigens. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 22:174–178

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • D’Souza PE, Jagannath MS, Prasanna KM (2001) A note on the occurrence of Fasciolopsis buski in pigs. Cheiron 30:178–179

    Google Scholar 

  • Eastburn RL, Fritsche TR, Terhune CA (1987) Human intestinal infection with Nanophyetus salminocola from salmonoid fishes. Am J Trop Med Hyg 36:586–591

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Eduardo SL (1991) Food-borne zoonoses in the Philippines. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 22:16–22

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • El-Ganayni GA, Youssef ME, Handousa AE, Bou-Zakham AA, Hegazi MM (1989) Serum and intestinal immunoglobulins in heterophyiasis. J Egypt Soc Parasitol 19:219–223

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Eom KS, Son SY, Lee JS, Rim HJ (1985) Heterophyid trematodes (Heterophyopsis continua, Pygidiopsis summa and Heterophyes heterophyes nocens) from domestic cats in Korea. Korean J Parasitol 23:197–202

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Esteban JG, Muñoz-Antoli C (2009) Echinostomes: systematics and life cycles. In: Fried B, Toledo R (eds) The biology of Echinostomes. From the molecule to the community. Springer, New York, pp 1–34

    Google Scholar 

  • Fathy FM (2011) Anthelmintic effect of artesunate in experimental heterophyiid infection. J Egypt Soc Parasitol 41:469–483

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira JFS, Peaden P, Keiser J (2011) In vitro trematocidal effects of crude alcoholic extracts of Artemisia annua, A. absinthium, Asimina triloba and Fumaria officinalis. Parasitol Res 109:1585–1582

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fried B, Toledo R (2004) Criteria for species determination in the “revolutum” group of Echinostoma. J Parasitol 90:917

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fried B, Graczyk TK, Tamang L (2004) Food-borne intestinal trematodiases in humans. Parasitol Res 93:159–170

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fujino T, Fried B (1993) Expulsion of Echinostoma trivolvis (Cort, 1914) Kanev, 1985 and retention of E. caproni Richard, 1964 (Trematoda, Echinostomatidae) in C3H mice: pathological, ultrastructural, and cytochemical effects on the host intestine. Parasitol Res 79:286–292

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fujino T, Fried B (1996) The expulsion of Echinostoma trivolvis from C3H mice: differences in glycoconjugates in mouse versus hamster small intestinal mucosa during infection. J Helminthol 70:115–121

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fujino T, Fried B, Tada I (1993) The expulsion of Echinostoma trivolvis: worm kinetics and intestinal cytopathology in conventional and congenitally athymic BALB/c mice. Parasitology 106:297–304

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fujino T, Fried B, Ichikawa H, Tada I (1996a) Rapid expulsion of the intestinal trematodes Echinostoma trivolvis and E. caproni from C3H mice by trapping with increased goblet cell mucins. Int J Parasitol 26:319–324

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fujino T, Ichikawa H, Fried B, Fukuda K (1996b) The expulsion of Echinostoma trivolvis: suppressive effects of dexamethasone on goblet cell hyperplasia and worm rejection in C3H/HeN mice. Parasite 3:283–289

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fürst T, Keiser J, Utzinger J (2012a) Global burden of human food-borne trematodiasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 12:210–221

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fürst T, Sayasone S, Odermatt P, Keiser J, Utzinger J (2012b) Manifestations, diagnosis, and management of foodborne trematodiasis. Br Med J 26:e4093

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gibson DI, Bray RA (1994) The evolutionary expansion and host-parasite relationship of the Digenea. Int J Parasitol 24:1213–1226

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gilman RH, Mondal G, Maskud M, Alam K, Rutherford E, Gilman JB, Khan MU (1982) Endemic focus of Fasciolopsis buski in Bangladesh. Am J Trop Med Hyg 31:796–802

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Graczyk TK, Fried B (1994) ELISA method for detecting anti-Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) immunoglobulins in experimentally infected ICR mice. J Parasitol 80:544–549

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Graczyk TK, Fried B (1995) An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting anti-Echinostoma trivolvis (Trematoda) IgG in experimentally infected ICR mice. Cross-reactivity with E. caproni. Parasitol Res 81:710–712

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Graczyk TK, Fried B (1998) Echinostomiasis: a common but forgotten food-borne disease. Am J Trop Med Hyg 58:501–504

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Greenberg RM (2005) Are Ca2+ channels targets of praziquantel action? Int J Parasitol 35:1–9

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Guk SM, Park JH, Shin EH, Kim JL, Lin A, Chai JY (2006) Prevalence of Gymnophalloides seoi infection in coastal villages of Haenamgun and Yeongam-gun, Republic of Korea. Korean J Parasitol 44:1–5

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Guk SM, Lee JH, Kim HJ, Kim WH, Shin EH, Chai JY (2009) CD4+ T-cell-dependent goblet cell proliferation and expulsion of Gymnophalloides seoi from the intestine of C57BL/6 mice. J Parasitol 95:581–590

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Han ET, Chen JH, Chai JY (2008) Antibody responses in sera of different mouse strains experimentally infected with Neodiplostomum seoulense. Korean J Parasitol 46:279–283

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Haseeb MA, Eveland LK (2000) Human echinostomiasis: mechanisms of pathogenesis and host resistance. In: Fried B, Graczyk TK (eds) Echinostomes as experimental models for biological research. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp 83–98

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Hirazawa I (1928) On Echinochasmus perfoliatus (Ratz) found in man. Tokyo Iji Shinshi 2577:1328–1334

    Google Scholar 

  • Hong ST, Hong SJ, Lee SH, Seo BS, Chi JG (1982) Studies on intestinal trematodes in Korea: VI. On the metacercaria and the second intermediate host of Fibricola seoulensis. Korean J Parasitol 20:101–111

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hong SJ, Lee SH, Seo BS, Hong ST, Chai JY (1983) Studies on intestinal trematodes in Korea: IX. Recovery rate and development of Fibricola seoulensis in experimental animals. Korean J Parasitol 21:224–233

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hong ST, Chai JY, Lee SH (1984a) Ten human cases of Fibricola seoulensis infection and mixed one with Stellantchasmus and Metagonimus. Korean J Parasitol 24:95–97

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hong ST, Cho TK, Hong SJ, Chai JY, Lee SH, Seo BS (1984b) Fifteen human cases of Fibricola seoulensis infection in Korea. Korean J Parasitol 22:61–65

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hong SJ, Woo HC, Chai JY (1996) A human case of Plagiorchis muris (Tanabe, 1922: Digenea) infection in the Republic of Korea: freshwater fish as a possible source of infection. J Parasitol 82:647–649

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Huffman JE, Iglesias D, Fried B (1988) Echinostoma revolutum: pathology of extraintestinal infection in the golden hamster. Int J Parasitol 18:873–874

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Huh S, Hong ST (1993) Transmission electron microscopic findings of the tribocytic organ of Fibricola seoulensis. Korean J Parasitol 31:315–320

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Huh S, Chai JY, Hong ST, Lee SH (1988) Clinical and histopathological findings in mice heavily infected with Fibricola seoulensis. Korean J Parasitol 26:45–53

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huh S, Lee SH, Seo BS (1990) Histochemical findings of the tribocytic organ and tegument of Fibricola seoulensis. Korean J Parasitol 28:155–160

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jaroonvesama N, Charoenlarp K, Areekul S (1986) Intestinal absorption studies in Fasciolopsis buski infection. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 17:582–586

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jueco NL, Monzon RB (1984) Cathaemacia cabrerai sp. n. (Trematoda: Cathaemaciidae) a new oarqasite of man in the Philippines. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 15:427–429

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jung WT, Lee KJ, Kim HJ, Kim TH, Na BK, Sohn WM (2014) A case of Echinostoma cinetorchis (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) infection diagnosed by colonoscopy. Korean J Parasitol 52:287–290

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Kaewkes S, Elkins DB, Haswell-Elkins MR, Sithithaworn P (1991) Phaneropsolus spinicirrus n. sp. (Digenea: Lecithodendriidae), a human parasite in Thailand. J Parasitol 77:514–516

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kawahara S, Yamamoto E (1933) Human cases of Echinostoma cinetorchis. Tokyo Iji Shinshi 2840:1794–1796

    Google Scholar 

  • Keiser J, Utzinger J (2004) Chemotherapy for major food-borne trematodes: a review. Expert Opin Pharmacother 5:1711–1726

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Keiser J, Utzinger J (2009) Food-borne trematodiases. Clin Microbiol Rev 22:466–483

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Keiser J, Utzinger J (2010) The drugs we have and the drugs we need against major helminth infections. Adv Parasitol 73:197–230

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Keiser J, Brun R, Fried B, Utzinger J (2006a) Trematocidal activity of praziquantel and artemisinin derivatives: in vitro and in vivo investigations on adult Echinostoma caproni. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 50:803–805

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Keiser J, Utzinger J, Tanner M, Dong Y, Vennerstrom JL (2006b) The synthetic peroxide OZ78 is effective against Echinostoma caproni and Fasciola hepatica. J Antimicrob Chemother 58:1193–1197

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kim I, Im JA, Lee KJ, Ryang YS (2000) Mucosal mast cell responses in the small intestine of rats infected with Echinostoma hortense. Korean J Parasitol 38:139–143

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Kim TY, Han KY, Shin EH, Chai JY (2008) Antigenic properties of cystatin-binding cysteine proteinases from Neodiplostomum seoulense. J Parasitol 94:654–658

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kino H, Suzuki Y, Oishi H, Suzuki S, Yamagiwa S, Ishiguro M (2006) Geographical distribution of Metagonimus yokogawai, and M. miyatai in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan, and their site preferences in the sweetfish, Plecoglossus altivelis, and hamsters. Parasitol Int 55:201–206

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kook J, Nawa Y, Le SH, Chai JY (1998) Pathogenicity and lethality of a minute intestinal fluke, Neodiplostomum seoulense, to various strains of mice. Korean J Parasitol 84:1178–1183

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kostadinova A (2005) Family Echinostomatidae Looss, 1899. In: Gibson DI, Jones A, Bray RA (eds) Keys to the Trematoda, vol 2. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, pp 9–64

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Kostadinova A, Gibson DI (2000) The systematics of the Echinostomes. In: Fried B, Graczyk TK (eds) Echinostomes as experimental models for biological research. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp 31–57

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Kusharyono C, Sukartinah S (1991) The current status of foodborne parasitic zoonoses in Indonesia. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 22:8–10

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee JB, Chi JG, Lee SK, Cho SY (1981) Study on the pathology of metagonimiasis in experimentally infected cat intestine. Korean J Parasitol 19:109–129

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee SH, Yoo BH, Hong ST, Chai JY, Seo BS, Chi JG (1985) A histopathological study on the intestine of mice and rats experimentally infected by Fibricola seoulensis. Korean J Parasitol 23:58–72

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee SK, Chung NS, Ko IH, Ko HI, Chai JY (1986) Two cases of natural human infection by Echinostoma hortense. Kisaengchunghak Chapchi 24:77–81

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee SK, Chung NS, Ko IH (1988) An epidemiological survey of Echinostoma hortense infection in Chongsong-gun, Kyongbuk Province. Korean J Parasitol 26:199–206

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee SH, Chai JY, Hong ST (1993a) Gymnophalloides seoi n. sp. (Digenea: Gymnophallidae), the first report of human infection by a gymnophallid. Korean J Parasitol 79:677–680

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee SC, Chung YB, Kong Y, Kang SY, Cho SY (1993b) Antigenic protein fractions of Metagonimus yokogawai reacting with patient sera. Korean J Parasitol 31:43–48

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee SH, Chai JY, Seo M, Choi MH, Kim DC, Lee SK (1995) Two cases of Gymnophalloides seoi infection accompanied by diabetes mellitus. Korean J Parasitol 33:61–64

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee SH, Sohn WM, Hong SJ, Huh S, Seo M, Choi MH, Chai JY (1996) A nationwide survey of naturally produced oysters for infection with Gymnophalloides seoi metacercariae. Korean J Parasitol 34:107–112

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee JC, Kong Y, Lee SU, Huh S (1997a) Localization of worm antigen in Neodiplostomum seoulense by immuno-electronmicroscopy. Korean J Parasitol 35:95–104

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee SH, Park SK, Seo M, Guk SM, Choi MH, Chai JY (1997b) Susceptibility of various species of animals and strains of mice to Gymnophalloides seoi infection and the effects of immunosuppression in C3H/HeN mice. J Parasitol 83:883–886

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee JJ, Kim HJ, Kim MJ, Yi Lee JW, Jung BK, Lee JY, Shin EH, Kim JL, Chai JY (2008) Decrease of Metagonimus yokogawai endemicity along the Tamjin River basin. Korean J Parasitol 46:289–291

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Lee KJ, Jin D, Chang BS, Teng YC, Kim DH (2009) The immunological effects of electrolyzed reduced water on the Echinostoma hortense infection in C57BL/6 mice. Biol Pharm Bull 32:456–462

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee KD, Guk SM, Chai JY (2010) Toll-like receptor 2 and Muc2 expression on human intestinal epithelial cells by Gymnophalloides seoi adult antigen. J Parasitol 96:58–66

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee JJ, Jung BK, Lim H, Lee MY, Choi SY, Shin EH, Chai JY (2012) Comparative morphology of minute intestinal fluke eggs that can occur in human stools in the Republic of Korea. Korean J Parasitol 50:207–213

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Lee JJ, Kim D, Pyo KH, Kim MK, Kim HJ, Chai JY, Shin EH (2013) STAT6 expression and IL-13 production in association with goblet cell hyperplasia and worm expulsion of Gymnophalloides seoi from C57BL/6 mice. Korean J Parasitol 51:589–594

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Lee SH, Jung BK, Park JH, Shin EH, Chai JY (2014) Increased intestinal epithelial cell turnover and intestinal motility in Gymnophalloides seoi-infected C57BL/6 mice. Korean J Parasitol 52:273–280

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Liang C, Ke XL (1988) Echinochasmus jiufoensis sp. nov., a human parasite from Guangzhou (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae). Acta Zootaxa Sin 13:4–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Lu SC (1982) Echinostomiasis in Taiwan. Int J Zoonoses 9:33–38

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mabus J, Huffman JE, Fried B (1988) Humoral and cellular response to infection with Echinostoma revolutum in the golden hamster, Mesocricetus auratus. J Helminthol 62:127–132

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mahanta J, Narain K, Srivastava VK (1995) Heterophyid eggs in human stool samples in Assam: first report for India. J Commun Dis 27:142–145

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Majima M (1927) On Echinostoma macrorchis found in man. Kumamoto Igakkai Zasshi 2252:2260

    Google Scholar 

  • Manning GS, Brockelman WY, Yiyant V (1971) An analysis of the prevalence of Fasciolopsis buski in central Thailand using catalyitic models. Am J Epidemiol 93:354–360

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Martínez-Alonso JC, Armentia A, Vega JM, Callejo A, Gómez A (1999) Anaphylactic reaction concurrent with Heterophyes heterophyes infestation. Rev Esp Alergol Immunol Clín 14:37–39

    Google Scholar 

  • Marty AM, Andersen EM (2000) Fasciolopsiasis and other intestinal trematodiasis. In: Meyers WM, Neafie RC, Marty A, Wear DJ (eds) Pathology of infectious diseases, vol I. Helminthiases. Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, American Registry of Pathology, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Mas-Coma S, Bargues MD, Valero MA (2005) Fascioliasis and other plant-borne trematode zoonoses. Int J Parasitol 35:1255–1278

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mas-Coma S, Bargues MD, Valero MA (2006) Gastrodiscoidiasis, a plant-borne zoonotic disease caused by the intestinal amphistome fluke Gastrodiscoides hominis (Trematoda: Gastrodiscidae). Rev Iber Parasitol 66:75–81

    Google Scholar 

  • Muñoz-Antoli C, Sotillo J, Monteagudo C, Fried B, Marcilla A, Toledo R (2007) Development and pathology of Echinostoma caproni in experimentally infected mice. J Parasitol 93:854–859

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Muñoz-Antoli C, Cortés A, Martín-Grau C, Fried B, Esteban JG, Toledo R (2016a) Partial resistance to homologous challenge infections of the digenean Echinostoma caproni in ICR mice. J Helminthol 90:428–433

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Muñoz-Antoli C, Cortés A, Santano R, Sotillo J, Esteban JG, Toledo R (2016b) Interleukin-25 induces resistance against intestinal Trematodes. Sci Rep 6:34142

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Muttalib MA, Islam N (1975) Fasciolopsis buski in Bangladesh: a pilot study. J Trop Med Hyg 78:135–137

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Niewiadomska K (2002) Family Diplostomidae Poirier, 1886. In: Gibson DI, Jones A, Bray RA (eds) Keys to the Trematoda, vol 1. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, pp 167–198

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Park CJ, Kim J (2006) A human case of Echinostoma hortense infection diagnosed by endoscopy in area of southwestern Korea. Korean J Med 71:229–234

    Google Scholar 

  • Park KY, Lee KJ, Kim IS (2005) Reaction of mast cells and goblet cells in the small intestine of C57BL/6 and C3H/HeN mice infected with Echinostoma hortense. Korean J Biomed Lab Sci 11:259–266

    Google Scholar 

  • Pica R, Castellano C, Cilia C, Errico FO (2003) Intestinal fluke infections: the heterophyids. Clin Ter 154:61–63

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Poland GA, Navin TR, Sarosi GA (1985) Outbreak of parasitic gastroenteritis among travelers returning from Africa. Arch Intern Med 145:2220–2221

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pyo KH, Kang EY, Jung BK, Moon JH, Chai JY, Shin EH (2012) Depressed neuronal growth associated protein (GAP)-43 expression in the small intestines of mice experimentally infected with Neodiplostomum seoulense. Korean J Parasitol 50:89–93

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Quang TD, Duong TH, Richard-Lenoble D, Odermatt P, Khammanivong K (2008) [Emergence in humans of fascioliasis (from Fasciola gigantica) and intestinal distomatosis (from Fasciolopsis buski) in Laos]. Sante 18:119–124 (in French)

    Google Scholar 

  • Radomyos P, Bunnag D, Harinasuta T (1985) Report of Episthmium caninum (Verma, 1935) Yamaguti, 1958 (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) in man. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 16:508–511

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Radomyos P, Bunnag D, Harinasuta C (1989) A new intestinal fluke, Plagiorchis harinasutai, n. sp. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 20:101–107

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Radomyos P, Charoenlarp P, Harinasuta T (1991) Human Episthmium caninum (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) infection: report of two more cases. J Trop Med Parasitol 14:48–50

    Google Scholar 

  • Radomyos B, Wongsaroj T, Wilrairatana P, Radomyos P, Praevanich R, Meesomboon V, Jongsuksuntikul P (1998) Opisthorchiasis and intestinal fluke infections in northern Thailand. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 29:123–127

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rahman KM, Idris M, Khan AKA (1981) A study of fasciolopsiasis in Bangladesh. J Trop Med Hyg 84:81–86

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ryang YS, Ahn YK, Kim WT, Shin KC, Lee KW, Kim TS (1986) Two cases of human infection by Echinostoma cinetorchis. Kisaengchunghak Chapchi 24:71–76

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ryang YS, Yang EJ, Kim JL, Lee KJ, Sung HJ, Kim JB, Kim IS (2007) Immune response and inhibitory effect of ketotifen on the BALB/c and C3H/HeN mice infected with Echinostoma hortense. Parasitol Res 101:1103–1110

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sah R, Khadka S, Hamal R, Poudyal S (2018) Human echinostomiasis: a case report. BMC Res Notes 11:17

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Sato M, Pongvongsa T, Sanguankiat S, Yoonuan T, Dekumyoy P, Kalambaheti T, Keomoungkhoun M, Phimmayoi I, Boupha B, Moji K, Waikagul J (2010) Copro-DNA diagnosis of Opisthorchis viverrini and Haplorchis taichui infection in an endemic area of Lao PDR. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 41:28–35

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Saxton T, Fried B (2009) An update on metacercarial excystment of trematodes. Parasitol Res 105:1185–1191

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sayasone S, Tesana S, Utzinger J, Hatz C, Akkhavong K, Odermatt P (2009a) Rare human infection with the trematode Echinochasmus japonicus in Lao PDR. Parasitol Int 58:106–109

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sayasone S, Vonghajack Y, Vanmany M, Rasphone O, Tesana S, Utzinger J, Akkhavong K, Odermatt P (2009b) Diversity of human intestinal helminthiasis in Lao PDR. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 103:247–254

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sayasone S, Mak TK, Vanmany M, Rasphone O, Vounatsou P, Utzinger J, Akkhavong K, Odermatt P (2011) Helminth and intestinal protozoa infections, multiparasitism and risk factors in Champasack province, Lao People’s Democratic Republic. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 5:e1037

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Schell SC (1985) Trematodes of North America, north of Mexico. University Press of Idaho, Idaho

    Google Scholar 

  • Seo BS, Rim HJ, Lee CW (1964) Studies on the parasitic helmiths of Korea: I. Trematodes of rodents. Korean J Parasitol 2:20–26

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seo ES, Cho SY, Chai JY (1980) Studies on intestinal trematodes in Korea. I. A human case of Echinostoma cinetorchis infection with an epidemiological investigation. Seoul J Med 21:21–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Seo BS, Lee SH, Cho SY, Chai JY, Hong ST, Han IS, Sohn JS, Cho BH, Ahn SR, Lee SK, Chung SC, Kang KS, Shim HS, Hwang IS (1981) An epidemiologic study on clonorchiasis and metagonimiasis in riverside areas in Korea. Korean J Parasitol 19:137–150

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seo BS, Lee SH, Hong ST, Hong SJ, Kim CY, Lee HY (1982) Studies on intestinal trematodes in Korea: V. A human case infected by Fibricola seoulensis (Trematoda: Diplostomatidae). Korean J Parasitol 20:93–99

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seo BS, Lee SH, Chai JY, Hong SJ, Hong ST (1988) The life cycle and larval development of Fibricola seoulensis (Trematoda: Diplostomatidae). Korean J Parasitol 26:179–188

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seo M, Guk SM, Han ET, Chai JY (2003) Role of intestinal goblet cells in the expulsion of Gymnophalloides seoi from mice. J Parasitol 89:1080–1082

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Seo M, Chun H, Ahn G, Jang KT, Guk SM, Chai JY (2006) A case of colonic lymphoid tissue invasion by Gymnophalloides seoi in a Korean man. Korean J Parasitol 44:87–89

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Sheir ZM, Aboul-Enein ME (1970) Demographic, clinical and therapeutic appraisal of heterophyiasis. J Trop Med Hyg 73:148–152

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shin EH, Kim TH, Hong SJ, Park JH, Guk SM, Chai JY (2003) Effects of anti-allergic drugs on intestinal mastocytosis and worm expulsion of rats infected with Neodiplostomum seoulense. Korean J Parasitol 41:81–87

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Shin EH, Lee SH, Kim JL, Chai JY (2007) T-helper-1 and T-helper-2 immune responses in mice infected with the intestinal fluke Neodiplostomum seoulense: their possible roles in worm expulsion and host fatality. J Parasitol 93:1036–1045

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shin EH, Im TK, Park YK, Cho J, Kim JL, Chai JY (2016) Fecundity reduction of BALB/c mice after survival from lethal Neodiplostomum seoulense infection. Parasitol Res 115:2051–2059

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shoop WL (1989) Experimental human infection with Fibricola cratera (Trematoda: Neodiplostomidae). Korean J Parasitol 27:249–252

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shyu LY, Lee HH, Chen ER (1984) A preliminary study on epidemiology of fasciolopsiasis in Tainan Hsien, south Taiwan. Chin J Microbiol Immunol 17:118–120

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sohn WM (2009) Fish-borne zoonotic trematode metacercariae in the Republic of Korea. Korean J Parasitol 47:S103–S113

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Sohn WM, Ryang YS, Chai JY, Lee SH (1998) Discovery of Gymnophalloides seoi metacercariae in oysters from islands of the West Sea known as the habitats of paleartic oystercatchers. Korean J Parasitol 36:163–169

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Sohn WM, Kim HJ, Yong TS, Eom KS, Jeong HG, Kim JK, Kang AR, Kim MR, Park JM, Ji SH, Sinuon M, Socheat D, Chai JY (2011a) Echinostoma ilocanum infection in Oddar Meanchey Province, Cambodia. Korean J Parasitol 49:187–190

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Sohn WM, Chai JY, Yong TS, Eom KS, Yoon CH, Sinuon M, Socheat D, Lee SH (2011b) Echinostoma revolutum infection in children, Pursat Province, Cambodia. Emerg Infect Dis 17:117–119

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Sotillo J, Muñoz-Antoli C, Marcilla A, Fried B, Guillermo Esteban J, Toledo R (2007) Echinostoma caproni: kinetics of IgM, IgA and IgG subclasses in the serum and intestine of experimentally infected rats and mice. Exp Parasitol 116:390–398

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sotillo J, Valero L, Sánchez del Pino MM, Fried B, Esteban JG, Marcilla A, Toledo R (2008) Identification of antigenic proteins from Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) recognized by mouse immunoglobulins M, A and G using an immunoproteomic approach. Parasite Immunol 30:271–279

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sotillo J, Trelis M, Cortés A, Fried B, Marcilla A, Esteban JG, Toledo R (2011) Th17 responses in Echinostoma caproni infections in hosts of high and low compatibility. Exp Parasitol 129:307–311

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sripa B, Kaewkes S, Intapan PM, Maleewong W, Brindley PJ (2010) Food-borne trematodiases in Southeast Asia epidemiology, pathology, clinical manifestation and control. Adv Parasitol 72:305–350

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sukontason K, Unpunyo P, Sukontason KL, Piangiai S (2005) Evidence of Haplorchis taichui infection as pathogenic parasite: three case reports. Scand J Infect Dis 37:388–390

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Takahashi S, Ishii T, Ueno N (1930) A human case of Echinostoma cinetorchis. Tokyo Iji Shinshi 2757:141–144

    Google Scholar 

  • Tantrawatpan C, Saijuntha W, Sithithaworn P, Andrews RH, Petney TN (2013) Genetic differentiation of Artyfechinostomum malayanum and A. sufrartyfex (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) based on internal transcribed spacer sequences. Parasitol Res 112:437–441

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thaenkham U, Phuphisut O, Pakdee W, Homsuwan N, Sa-nguankiat S, Waikagul J, Nawa Y, Dung do T (2011) Rapid and simple identification of human pathogenic heterophyid intestinal fluke metacercariae by PCR-RFLP. Parasitol Int 60:503–506

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Toledo R (2009) Immunology and pathology of echinostomes in the definitive host. In: Fried B, Toledo R (eds) The biology of Echinostomes. From the molecule to the community. Springer, New York, pp 185–206

    Google Scholar 

  • Toledo R, Esteban JG (2016) An update on human echinostomiasis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 110:37–45

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Toledo R, Fried B (2005) Echinostomes as experimental models for interactions between adult parasites and vertebrate hosts. Trends Parasitol 21:251–254

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Toledo R, Espert A, Muñoz-Antoli C, Marcilla A, Fried B, Esteban JG (2003) Development of an antibody-based capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda) in experimentally infected rats: kinetics of coproantigen excretion. J Parasitol 89:1227–1231

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Toledo R, Espert A, Muñoz-Antoli C, Marcilla A, Fried B, Esteban JG (2004) Kinetics of Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) antigens in feces and serum of experimentally infected hamsters and rats. J Parasitol 90:752–758

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Toledo R, Espert A, Muñoz-Antoli C, Marcilla A, Fried B, Esteban JG (2005) Kinetics of antibodies and antigens in serum of mice experimentally infected with Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae). J Parasitol 91:978–980

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Toledo R, Esteban JG, Fried B (2006a) Immunology and pathology of intestinal trematodes in their definitive hosts. Adv Parasitol 63:285–365

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Toledo R, Monteagudo C, Espert A, Fried B, Esteban JG, Marcilla A (2006b) Echinostoma caproni: intestinal pathology in the golden hamster, a highly compatible host, and the Wistar rat, a less compatible host. Exp Parasitol 112:164–171

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Toledo R, Esteban JG, Fried B (2009) Recent advances in the biology of echinostomes. Adv Parasitol 69:147–204

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Toledo R, Bernal MD, Marcilla A (2011) Proteomics of foodborne trematodes. J Proteome 74:1485–1503

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Toledo R, Esteban JG, Fried B (2012) Current status of food-borne trematode infections. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 31:1705–1718

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Trelis M, Sotillo J, Monteagudo C, Fried B, Marcilla A, Esteban JG, Toledo R (2011) Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda): differential in vivo cytokine responses in high and low compatible hosts. Exp Parasitol 127:387–397

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Trung Dung D, Van De N, Waikagul J, Dalsgaard A, Chai JY, Sohn WM, Murrell KD (2007) Fishborne zoonotic intestinal trematodes, Vietnam. Emerg Infect Dis 13:1828–1833

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Uppal B, Wadhwa V (2005) Rare case of Metagonimus yokogawai. Indian J Med Microbiol 23:61–62

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van Van K, Dalsgaard A, Blair D, Le TH (2009) Haplorchis pumilio and H. taichui in Vietnam discriminated using ITS-2 DNA sequence data from adults and larvae. Exp Parasitol 123:146–151

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Watthanakulpanich D, Waikagul J, Maipanich W, Nuamtanong S, Sanguankiat S, Pubampen S, Praevanit R, Mongkhonmu S, Nawa Y (2010) Haplorchis taichui as a possible etiologic agent of irritable bowel syndrome-like symptoms. Korean J Parasitol 48:225–229

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Weinstein MS, Fried B (1991) The expulsion of Echinostoma trivolvis and retention of Echinostoma caproni in the ICR mouse: pathological effects. Int J Parasitol 21:255–257

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weng YL, Zhuang ZL, Jiang HP, Lin GR, Lin JJ (1989) Studies on ecology of Fasciolopsis buski and control strategy of fasciolopsiasis. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 7:108–111

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wongsawad P, Wongsawad C (2009) Development of PCR-based diagnosis of minute intestinal fluke, Haplorchis taichui. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 40:919–923

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wongsawad C, Kawin S, Wongsawad P, Paratasilpin T (2005) Some factors affecting Stellantchasmus falcatus metacercaria in laboratory. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 36:11711–11719

    Google Scholar 

  • Wongsawad C, Wongsawad P, Chai JY, Anuntalabhochai S (2009a) Haplorchis taichui, Witenberg, 1930: development of a HAT-RAPD marker for the detection of minute intestinal fluke infection. Exp Parasitol 123:158–161

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wongsawad C, Wongsawad P, Chuboon S, Anuntalabhochai S (2009b) Copro-diagnosis of Haplorchis taichui infection using sedimentation and PCR-based methods. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 40:924–928

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Xiao X, Wang TP, Lu DB, Gao JF, Xu LF, Wu WD, Mei JD, Xu FL (1992) The first record of human infection with Echinochasmus liliputanus. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis 10:132–135

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Xiao X, Dabing L, Tianping W, Gao J, Zhu C, Zhang B, An J, Pong H, Xu M, Wu W (1995) Studies on mode of human infection with Echinochasmus liliputanus. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis 13:197–199

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yamaguti S (1971) Synopsis of digenetic trematodes of vertebrates. Keigaku Publishing Company, Japan

    Google Scholar 

  • Yamaguti S (1975) A synoptical review of the life histories of digenetic trematodes of vertebrates: with special reference to the morphology of their larval forms. Keigaku Publishing Company, Japan

    Google Scholar 

  • Yokogawa M, Harinasutam C, Charoenlarp P (1965) Hypoderaeum conoideum (Block, 1782) Diez, 1909, a common intestinal fluke of man in the north-east Thailand. Jpn J Parasitol 14:148–153

    Google Scholar 

  • Youn H (2009) Review of zoonotic parasites in medical and veterinary fields in the Republic of Korea. Korean J Parasitol 47:S133–S141

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Yu S, Mott K (1994) Epidemiology and morbidity of food-borne intestinal trematode infections. Trop Dis Bull 91:R125–R152

    Google Scholar 

  • Yu JR, Hong ST, Chai JY, Lee SH (1995) The effect of reinfection with Neodiplostomum seoulensis on the histopathology and activities of brush border membrane bound enzymes in the rat small intestine. Korean J Parasitol 33:37–43

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported supported by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Madrid, Spain) (grant number: BFU2016-75639-P) and by Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo (Madrid, Spain) (No. RD12/0018/0013, Red de Investigación Cooperativa en Enfermedades Tropicales—RICET, IV National Program of I+D+I 2008-2011, ISCIII—Subdirección General de Redes y Centros de Investigación Cooperativa and FEDER).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Área de Parasitología, Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain

    Rafael Toledo, Maria Alvárez-Izquierdo, Carla Muñoz-Antoli & J. Guillermo Esteban

Authors
  1. Rafael Toledo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Maria Alvárez-Izquierdo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Carla Muñoz-Antoli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. J. Guillermo Esteban
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rafael Toledo .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Área de Parasitología, Departamento de Farmacia y, Tecnología Farmacéutica y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain

    Rafael Toledo

  2. Department of Biology, Lafayette College, Easton, PA, USA

    Bernard Fried

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Toledo, R., Alvárez-Izquierdo, M., Muñoz-Antoli, C., Esteban, J.G. (2019). Intestinal Trematode Infections. In: Toledo, R., Fried, B. (eds) Digenetic Trematodes. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1154. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18616-6_7

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation