Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Organofluorine Chemistry pp 197–242Cite as

Electrofluorination of Organic Compounds

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Topics in Current Chemistry ((TOPCURRCHEM,volume 193))

Abstract

The three principal electrochemical methods are described by which fluorine can be directly introduced into organic compounds, namely electrolysis in molten salts or fluoride ion solutions, electrolysis in molten potassium fluoride/hydrogen fluoride melts at porous anodes, and electrolysis in anhydrous hydrogen fluoride at nickel anodes. Using examples from the past decade, it is aimed to demonstrate that electrofluorination in its various forms has proved to be an increasingly versatile tool in the repertoire of the synthetic chemist. Each method is described in terms of its essential characteristics, reaction parameters, synthetic utility, advantages and disadvantages, patent protection, and potential for commercial exploitation. The different mechanisms proposed to explain each process are critically reviewed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   259.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

5 References

  1. Uneyama K (1991) Journal of Synthetic Organic Chemistry Japan 49:61

    Google Scholar 

  2. Zappi GD (1996) Watts New™ Electrosynthesis Co. Inc. 2:2

    Google Scholar 

  3. Hollitzer E, Sartori P (1988) International Chemical Engineering 28:221

    Google Scholar 

  4. Haufe G (1996) Journal für Prackische Chemie Chemiker-Zietung 338:99

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Meurs JHH, Eilenberg W (1991) Tetrahedron 47:705

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Laurent E, Lefranc H, Tardivel R (1984) Nouv J Chim 8:345

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Laurent E, Marquet B, Tardivel R, Thiebault H (1986) Bull Soc Chim Fr 955

    Google Scholar 

  8. Andres DF, Laurent EG, Marquet BS, Benotmane H, Bensadat A (1995) Tetrahedron 51: 2605

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Rozhkov IN (1976) Russ Chem Rev 45:615

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Ludman CL, McCarron EM, O’Malley RF (1972) J Electrochem Soc 119:874

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Makino K, Yoshioka H (1988) J Fluorine Chem 39:435

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Carpenter JF, Ekes LH, King PF, Mariani HA, Mirza Zadeh M, O’Malley RF, Roman VJ (1983) J Electrochem Soc 130:2170

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Meurs JHH, Sopher DW, Eilenberg W (1989) Angew Chem 101; 955; (1989) Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 28:927

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Momota K, Morita M, Matsuda Y (1993) Electrochim Acta 38:619

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Patent No. J63038591

    Google Scholar 

  16. Momota K, Morita M, Matsuda Y (1993) Electrochimica Acta 38:1123

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Momota K, Kato K, Morita M, Matsuda Y (1994) Electrochimica Acta 39:41

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Momota K, Kato K, Morita M, Matsuda Y (1994) Electrochimica Acta 39:681

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Momota K, Horio H, Kato K, Morita M, Matsuda Y (1995) Electrochimica Acta 40:233

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Horio H, Momota K, Kato K, Morita M, Matsuda Y (1996) Electrochimica Acta 41:1611

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Morita M, Momota K, Horio H, Kato K, Matsuda Y (1994) Denki Kagaku 62:1196

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Morita M, Momota K, Horio H, Kato K, Matsuda Y (1994) Denki Kagaku 62:33

    Google Scholar 

  23. Morita M, Hayakawa Y, Momota K, Yonezawa T, Kato K, Matsuda Y (1995) J Appl Electrochemistry 25:651

    Google Scholar 

  24. Patent No. JP05320967-A

    Google Scholar 

  25. Patent No. J63111192

    Google Scholar 

  26. Patent No. GB2191480

    Google Scholar 

  27. Laurent E, Marquet B, Tardivel R (1989) Tetrahedron 45:4431

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Laurent E, Marquet B, Tardivel R (1991) Tetrahedron 47:3969

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Laurent E, Marquet B, Tardivel R (1990) Tetrahedron 49:115

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Kabore L, Chebli S, Faure R, Laurent E, Marquet B (1990) Tetrahedron Lett 31:3137

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Patent No. FR2641002

    Google Scholar 

  32. Yoneda N, Chen S-Q, Hatakeyama T, Hara S, Fukuhara T (1994) Chem Soc Japan, Chemistry Letters 849

    Google Scholar 

  33. Patent No. JP07292490-A

    Google Scholar 

  34. Fuchigami T, (1994) Rev Heteroatom Chem 10:155

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Fuchigami T, Shimojo M, Konno A (1995) J Org Chem 60:3459

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Konno A, Naito W, Fuchigami T (1992) Tetrahedron Lett 33:7017

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Fuchigami T, Hayashi T, Konno A (1992) Tetrahedron Lett 33:316

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Erian AW, Konno A, Fuchigami T (1994) Tetrahedron Lett 35:7245

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Brigaud T, Laurent E (1990) Tetrahedron Lett 31:2287

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Narizuka S, Konno A, Matsuyama H, Fuchigami T (1993) J Electrochem Soc Jpn 61:868

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Narizuka S, Fuchigami T (1995) Bioorg Med Chem Lett 5:1293

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Narizuka S, Fuchigami T, Konno A (1992) J Org Chem 57:3755

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Sono M, Toyoda N, Shimizu K, Noda E, Shizuri Y, Tori M (1996) Chem Pharm Bull 44:1141

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Sono M, Toyoda N, Shimizu K, Noda E, Shizuri Y, Tori M (1994) Tetradron Lett 35:9237

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Suda K, Hotoda K, Aoyagi M, Takanami T (1995) J Chem Soc Perkin Trans 1 1327

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Patent No. J01029366

    Google Scholar 

  47. Brigaud T, Laurent A, Laurent E (1991) Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon 59:153

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Yoshiyama T, Fuchigami T (1992) Chem Lett 1995

    Google Scholar 

  49. Fuchigami T, Fujita T, Konno A (1994) Tetrahedron Lett 35:4153

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Popova OV, Kovalenko EI, Sherstyukova ND (1995) Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry 68:995

    Google Scholar 

  51. Patent No. RU2048471-C

    Google Scholar 

  52. Yoneda N, Chen S-Q, Hatakeyama T, Hara S, Fukuhara T, Sekiguchi M (1995) Tetrahedron Lett 36:6511

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Childs WV (1982) in Weinberg NL (ed) Technique of Electroorganic Synthesis Vol V Part III. John Wiley & Sons, New York p 341

    Google Scholar 

  54. Alsmeyer YW, Childs WV, Flynn RM, Moore GGI, Smeltzer JC (1994) in Electrochemical Fluorination and Its Applications in Banks RE et al. (eds) Organofluorine Chemistry: Principles and commercial Applications. Plenum Press, New York p 121

    Google Scholar 

  55. Childs WV, Christensen L, Klink FW, Koplin CF (1991) in Lund H, Baizer MM (eds) Organic Electrochemistry 3rd Edn Chapter 6. Marcel Dekker, New York, p 1113

    Google Scholar 

  56. Childs WV, Fall DJ (1987) 172nd Meeting of the Electrochem Soc paper no. 1345

    Google Scholar 

  57. Tasaka A, Sakaguchi H, Aki R, Ihara H, Saka K, Yamamoto T (1985) J Fluorine Chem 27:23

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Pearlson WH (1989) J Fluorine Chem 32:29

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. Childs WV, Christensen L, Klink FW, Koplin CF (1991) in Lund H, Baizer MM (eds) Organic Electrochemistry 3rd Edn Chapter 6. Marcel Dekker, New York, p 1103

    Google Scholar 

  60. Sartori P (1990) Bull Electrochem 6:471

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Hollitzer E, Sartori P (1986) Chem Ing Tech 58:31

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Rozhkov IN (1983) in Baizer MM, Lund H (eds) Organic Electrochemistry 2nd Edn Chapter 24. Marcel Dekker, New York, p 805

    Google Scholar 

  63. Abe T, Nagase S (1982) in Banks RE (ed) Preparation, Properties and Industrial Application of Organofluorine Compounds. Ellis Horwood, Chichester p 19

    Google Scholar 

  64. Nagase S (1967) in Tarrant P (ed) Fluorine Chemistry Reviews Vol 1. Marcel Dekker, New York p 77

    Google Scholar 

  65. Weinberg NL (1975) in Weinberg NL (ed) Technique of Electrochemical Synthesis Part II. Wiley, New York p 1

    Google Scholar 

  66. Burdon J, Tatlow JC (1960) in Stacey M, Tatlow JC, Sharpe AG (eds) Advances in Fluorine Chemistry Vol1. Butterworths, London p 129

    Google Scholar 

  67. Rudge AJ (1967) in Kuhn AT (ed) Industrial Electrochemical Processes. Marcel Dekker, New York p 71

    Google Scholar 

  68. Hollitzer E, Sartori P (1988) International Chemical engineering 28:221

    Google Scholar 

  69. Furin GG, Gambaretto GP (1996) Direct Fluorination of Organic Compounds Chapter 4. Cooperativa Libraria Editrice Universita di Padova

    Google Scholar 

  70. Ròdiger S, Dimitrov A, Hottman K (1996) J Fluorine Chem 76:155

    Article  Google Scholar 

  71. Drakesmith FG, Hughes DA (1979) J Appl Electrochem 9:685

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Sartori P (1963) Angew Chem 75:417

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Nagase S, Tanaka K, Baba H (1965) Bull Chem Soc Jpn 38:835

    Article  Google Scholar 

  74. Nagase S, Tanaka K, Baba H (1966) Bull Chem Soc Jpn 39:219

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Zuliani G, Pizzolotto G (1972) Nuova Chim 48:47

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Drakesmith FG, Hughes DA (1976) J Appl Electrochem 6:23

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Jpn Kokai Tokkyo Koko 80–90 508 (to Tokushima Soda) (1980) Chem Abs 93:205 373

    Google Scholar 

  78. Abe T, Nagase S (1982) in Banks RE (ed) Preparation, Properties and Industrial Application of Organofluorine Compounds. Ellis Horwood, Chichester p 20

    Google Scholar 

  79. Patent No. WO9413857-A

    Google Scholar 

  80. Conte L, Fraccaro C, Napoli M (1986) J Fluorine Chem 34:183

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Naito Y, Inoue Y, Ono T, Arakawa Y, Fukaya C, Yokoyama K, Kobayashi Y, Yamanouchi K (1984) J Fluorine Chem 26:485

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Naito Y, Inoue Y, Ono T, Arakawa Y, Fukaya C, Yokoyama K, Kobayashi Y, Yamanouchi K (1985) J Fluorine Chem 27:333

    Article  Google Scholar 

  83. Naito Y, Inoue Y, Ono T, Arakawa Y, Fukaya C, Yokoyama K, Yamanouchi K (1988) J Fluorine Chem 38:303

    Article  Google Scholar 

  84. Naito Y, Inoue Y, Ono T, Arakawa Y, Fukaya C, Yokoyama K, Yamanouchi K (1989) J Fluorine Chem 43:67

    Article  Google Scholar 

  85. Meinert H, Fackler R, Mader J, Reuter P, Rohlke W (1991) J Fluorine Chem 51:53

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Meinert H, Fackler R, Mader J, Reuter P, Rohlke W (1992) J Fluorine Chem 59:351

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Patent No. EP-415264-A

    Google Scholar 

  88. Patent No. SU1427780

    Google Scholar 

  89. Patent No. J63089690

    Google Scholar 

  90. Moldavsky DD, Kaurova GI, Bispen TA, Furin GG (1993) J Fluorine Chem 63:193

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Patent No. DD-275079

    Google Scholar 

  92. Patent No. DD-275078

    Google Scholar 

  93. Patent No. DD-275077

    Google Scholar 

  94. Patent No. DD-273290

    Google Scholar 

  95. Patent No. DD-280130

    Google Scholar 

  96. Patent No. WO9205142-A

    Google Scholar 

  97. Patent No. J62127488

    Google Scholar 

  98. Moore GGI, Hansen JC, Bartett TM, Waddell JE, Jewell KM, Kestner TA, Payfer RM (1986) J Fluorine Chem 32:41

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Patent No. EP-492823-A

    Google Scholar 

  100. Patent No. US4788339

    Google Scholar 

  101. Patent No. EP-214852

    Google Scholar 

  102. Dimitrov A, Radeck W, Rüdiger S (1991) J Fluorine Chem 52:317

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Dimitrov A, Rüdiger S, Pauli J (1994) J Fluorine Chem 66:223

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Patent No. DD-294514

    Google Scholar 

  105. Abe T, Hayashi E, Baba H, Fukaya H (1990) J Fluorine Chem 48:257

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Hayashi E, Fukaya H, Abe T, Omori K (1991) J Fluorine Chem 52:133

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Hayashi E, Fukaya H, Abe T, Hayakawa Y, Omori K (1991) J Fluorine Chem 53:199

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Hayashi E, Fukaya H, Abe T, Hayakawa Y, Baba H, Ishikawa S, Asahino K (1992) J Fluorine Chem 57:101

    Article  Google Scholar 

  109. Hayashi E, Fukaya H, Abe T, Hayakawa Y, Baba H, Nishida M (1994) J Fluorine Chem 66: 193

    Article  Google Scholar 

  110. O’Sullivan EJM, Klink FW, Liu CC, Yeager EB (1985) J Electrochem Soc 132:2424

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Sartori P, Jüschke R (1994) J Fluorine Chem 69:157

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Gard GL, Hamel NN, Mohtasham J, Waterfeld A, Mews R (1991) J Fluorine Chem 55:313

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. Ignat’ev NV, Datsnko SD, Yagopolskii LM, Dimitrov A, Radeck W, Ròdiger S (1995) J Fluorine Chem 74:181

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. Patent No.US5486271-A

    Google Scholar 

  115. Patent No. US5318674-A

    Google Scholar 

  116. Patent No. EP-444822

    Google Scholar 

  117. Geisler K, Koemm U, Metzinger H-G (1984) J Fluorine Chem 24:17

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. Patent No. DE4218562-A

    Google Scholar 

  119. Patent No. WO9521949-A

    Google Scholar 

  120. Patent No. EP-455399

    Google Scholar 

  121. Dresdner RD, Young JA (1959) J Amer Chem Soc 81:574

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. Kazakov VY, Savelev LA, Dzerzhinskaya RA, Shuskkin EA, Gudimov IL (1968) Zhur Prikladnoi Khimi 41:2212

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. Conte L, Napoli M, Gambaretto GP (1985) J Fluorine Chem 30:89

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. Drakesmith FG, Hughes DA (1986) J Fluorine Chem 32:103

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. Patent No. J62060885

    Google Scholar 

  126. Klink FW, Kucera F, Wasser DJ, Liu CC (1986) J Fluorine Chem 32:77

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. Klink FW, Wasser DJ, Liu CC (1986) J Fluorine Chem 32:89

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. Comninellis C, Jaret p, Plattner E (1974) J Appl Electrochem 4:289

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. Prokop HW, Zhou H-J, Xu S-Q, Wu C-H, Chuey SR, Liu CC (1989) J Fluorine Chem 43:257

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. Patent No. J62224690

    Google Scholar 

  131. Patent No. J62133094

    Google Scholar 

  132. Patent No. J61163288

    Google Scholar 

  133. Patent No. DE4208364-A

    Google Scholar 

  134. Chambers RD, Grievson B, Drakesmith FG, Powell RL (1985) J Fluorine Chem 29:323

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. Chambers RD, Fuss RW, Jones M, Sartori P, Swales AP, Herkelmann R (1990) J Fluorine Chem 49:409

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. Napoli M, Scipioni A, Gambaretto GP, Carlini FM, Bertola M (1994) J Fluorine Chem 67: 261

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  137. Napoli M, Conte L, Gambaretto GP, Carlini FM (1989) J Fluorine Chem 45:213

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. Patent No. EP-582192-A

    Google Scholar 

  139. Patent No. RU2026889-C

    Google Scholar 

  140. Patent No. SU1666581-A

    Google Scholar 

  141. Patent No. US5387323-A

    Google Scholar 

  142. Patent No. JP06212468-A

    Google Scholar 

  143. Patent No. JP06146048-A

    Google Scholar 

  144. Patent No. JP06146043-A

    Google Scholar 

  145. Patent No. JP05025671-A

    Google Scholar 

  146. Patent No. JP04232289-A

    Google Scholar 

  147. Patent No. J02030785

    Google Scholar 

  148. Patent No. JP05059579-A

    Google Scholar 

  149. Patent No. JP06057475-A

    Google Scholar 

  150. Patent No. JP04143288-A

    Google Scholar 

  151. Patent No. EP-690147-A

    Google Scholar 

  152. Patent No. DE4226758-A

    Google Scholar 

  153. Patent No. DE4010961

    Google Scholar 

  154. Patent No. JP05320968-A

    Google Scholar 

  155. Patent No. J01312095

    Google Scholar 

  156. Patent No. J01275789

    Google Scholar 

  157. Weinberg NL (1975) in Weinberg NL (ed) Technique of Electrochemical Synthesis Part II. Wiley, New York p 15

    Google Scholar 

  158. Voitivich YN, Kazakov VY (1971) Zhur Priklad Khim 44:2452

    Google Scholar 

  159. Burdon J, Parsons IW, Tatlow JC (1972) Tetrahedron 28:43

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  160. Clarke JS, Kuhn AT (1977) J Electroanal Chem 85:299

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  161. Watanabe N, Haruta M (1979) Abstracts of the First Regular Meeting of Soviet-Japanese Fluorine Chemists, Tokyo, p 39

    Google Scholar 

  162. Lines D, Sutcliffe H (1981) J Fluorine Chem 17:423

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  163. Ròdiger S, Dimitrov A, Hottman K (1996) J Fluorine Chem 76:155

    Article  Google Scholar 

  164. Hackerman N, Snavely ES, Fiel LD (1967) Corrosion Science 7:39

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  165. Rudge AJ (1967) in Kuhn AT (ed) Industrial Electrochemical Processes. Marcel Dekker, New York

    Google Scholar 

  166. Simons JH (1950) in Fluorine Chemistry Vol 1, Academic Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  167. Childs WV, Christensen L, Klink FW, Koplin CF (1991) in Lund H, Baizer MM (eds) Organic Electrochemistry 3rd Edn Chapter 6. Marcel Dekker, New York, p. 1109

    Google Scholar 

  168. Chang B, Yanase H, Nakanishi K, Watanabe N (1971) Electrochim Acta 16:1179

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  169. Watanabe N (1983) J Fluorine Chem 22:205

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  170. Tasaka A, Miki K, Yamaguchi S, Sato K (1993) Denki Kagaku 61:742

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  171. Wasser DJ, Johnson PS, Klink FW, Kucera F, Liu CC (1987) J Fluorine Chem 35:557

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  172. Gambaretto GP, Napoli M, Conte L, Scipione A, Armelli R (1985) J Fluorine Chem 27:49

    Article  Google Scholar 

  173. Dimitrov A, Radeck W, Rüdiger S (1993) J Fluorine Chem 60:57

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  174. Alsmeyer YW, Childs WV, Flynn RM, Moore GGI, Smeltzer JC (1994) in Electrochemical Fluorination and Its Applications in Banks RE et al. (eds) Organofluorine Chemistry: Principles and commercial Applications. Plenum Press, New York p 126

    Google Scholar 

  175. Meinert H (1994) Macromol Symp 82:201

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  176. Novak M, Boa J (1987) Stud Org Chem (Amsterdam) 30 (Recent Adv Electroorg Synth) 67; Chem Abs 108 (9) 74526W

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  177. Dimitrov A, Rüdiger S, Ignat’ev NV, Datsenko S (1990) J Fluorine Chem 50:197

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  178. Hackerman N, Snavely ES, Fiel LD (1967) Electrochim Acta 12:535

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  179. Novak M, Boa J (1980) Electroanal Chem 109:179

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  180. Dimitrov A, Stewig H, Rüdiger S, Kolditz L (1990) J Fluorine Chem 47:13

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  181. Dimitrov A, Rüdiger S, Bartoszek M (1990) J Fluorine Chem 47:23

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  182. Dimitrov A, Rüdiger S, Ignatyev NV, Datcenko S (1990) J Fluorine Chem 50:197

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  183. Dimitrov A, Radeck W, Rüdiger S, Bechstein O (1993) J Fluorine Chem 60:57

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  184. Dimitrov A, Rüdiger S, Seppelt K, Peplinski T (1994) J Fluorine Chem 69:15

    Article  Google Scholar 

  185. Gross U, Rüdiger S, Dimitrov A (1996) J Fluorine Chem 76:139

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  186. Sartori P, Ignat’ev N, Datsenko S (1995) J Fluorine Chem 75:157

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  187. Zemva B, Chacon L, Lutar K, Shen C, Bartlett N (1994) 207th ACS Nat Meet, Div Fluorine Chem, San Diego CA; Zemva B, Chacon L, Lutar K, Fele-Beuermann M, Shen C, Allman J, Mònzenberg J, Bartlett N (1994) 14th Int Symp Fluorine Chem Yokohama Japan Paper 2 A 08

    Google Scholar 

  188. Bartlett N, Chambers RD, Roche AJ, Spink RCH, Chacon L, Whalen JM (1996) Chem Comm 1049

    Google Scholar 

  189. Zemva B, Slivnik J (1973) J Inorg Nucl Chem Supplement 1976:173

    Google Scholar 

  190. Chambers RD (1973) in Fluorine in Organic Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. London p 30

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. EA Technology Ltd., Capenhurst, Chester, CH1 6ES, UK

    Fred G. Drakesmith (Consultant)

Authors
  1. Fred G. Drakesmith
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, Great Britain

    Richard D. Chambers F. R. S.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1997 Springer Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Drakesmith, F.G. (1997). Electrofluorination of Organic Compounds. In: Chambers, R.D. (eds) Organofluorine Chemistry. Topics in Current Chemistry, vol 193. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-69197-9_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-69197-9_5

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-63170-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-69197-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation