Skip to main content

Recent advances in understanding the interactions between nutrients and immunity in farm animals

  • Chapter
Energy and protein metabolism and nutrition in sustainable animal production

Abstract

Nutrition is an important determinant of the development and efficacy of the immune system. Nutrition is also sometimes used as a management tool to affect changes in the type or magnitude of an immune response. These developments have been the result of difficult research that relies on accepted principles of nutrition to inform the somewhat unknown frontiers of immunology and disease resistance. Historically, plethoric levels of nutrients were thought to boost, improve, or stimulate immunity and these claims were a tool of nutrient marketing because of the intellectual vacuum. These claims illustrate sloppiness in thinking, which fortunately has diminished due to our new appreciation for the role of nutrients in the immune system.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 159.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Athanasiadou, S. and Huntley, J. F. 2008. Emerging technologies and their applications in interactions between nutrition and immunity to gastrointestinal parasites in sheep. Parasite immunology, 30, 101–111.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ballou, M. A., Cruz, G. D., Pittroff, W., Keisler, D. H. and DePeters, E. J. 2008. Modifying the acute phase response of Jersey calves by supplementing milk replacer with omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil. J Dairy Sci, 91, 3478–3487.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Breuille, D., Bechereau, F., Buffiere, C., Denis, P., Pouyet, C. and Obled, C. 2006. Beneficial effect of amino acid supplementation, especially cysteine, on body nitrogen economy in septic rats. Clin. Nutr., 25, 634–642.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Breuille, D. and Obled, C. 2000. Cysteine and glutathione in catabolic states. Nestle Nutrition Workshop Series, 3, 173–191.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cook, M. E. 1991. Nutrition and the immune response of the domestic fowl. Crit. Rev. Poult. Biol., 3, 167–190.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fairbairn, L., Kapetanovic, R., Sester, D. P. and Hume, D. A. 2011. The mononuclear phagocyte system of the pig as a model for understanding human innate immunity and disease. J Luek Biol, 89, 855–871.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fox, C. J., Hammerman, P. S. and Thompson, C. B. 2005. Fuel feeds function: energy metabolism and the T-cell response. Nat Rev Immunol, 5, 844–852.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fritsche, K. 2006. Fatty acids as modulators of the immune response. An. Rev. Nutr., 26, 45–73.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goff, J. P. 2006. Major advances in our understanding of nutritional influences on bovine health. J. Dairy Sci., 89, 1292–1301.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greiner, E. F., Guppy, M. and Brand, K. 1994. Glucose is essential for proliferation and the glycolytic enzyme induction that provokes a transition to glycolytic energy production. J Biol Chem, 269, 31484–31490.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hangalapura, B. N., Nieuwland, M. G., De Vries Reilingh, G., Buyse, J., Van Den Brand, H., Kemp, B. and Parmentier, H. K. 2005. Severe feed restriction enhances innate immunity but suppresses cellular immunity in chicken lines divergently selected for antibody responses. Poult Sci, 84, 1520–1529.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Humphrey, B. D. and Rudrappa, S. G. 2008. Increased glucose availability activates chicken thymocyte metabolism and survival. J. Nutr., 138, 1153–1157.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Humphrey, B. D., Stephensen, C. B., Calvert, C. C. and Klasing, K. C. 2004. Glucose and cationic amino acid transporter expression in growing chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol, 138, 515–525.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Humphrey, B. D., Stephensen, C. B., Calvert, C. C. and Klasing, K. C. 2006. Lysine deficiency and feed restriction independently alter cationic amino acid transporter expression in chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology, 143, 218–227.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ingvartsen, K. L. and Moyes, K. 2013. Nutrition, immune function and health of dairy cattle. Animal, 7 Suppl 1, 112–122.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Iseri, V. J. and Klasing, K. C. 2013. Dynamics of the systemic components of the chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) immune system following activation by Escherichia coli; implications for the costs of immunity. Dev. Comp. Immuno., In Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Khajavi, M., Rahimi, S., Hassan, Z. M., Kamali, M. A. and Mousavi, T. 2003. Effect of feed restriction early in life on humoral and cellular immunity of two commercial broiler strains under heat stress conditions. Br Poult Sci, 44, 490–497.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kidd, M. T. 2004. Nutritional modulation of immune function in broilers. Poult Sci, 83, 650–657.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klasing, K. C. 2007. Nutrition and the immune system. Br Poult Sci, 48, 525–537.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klasing, K. C. and Leshchinsky, T. V. 1999. Interactions between nutrition and immunity: Lessons from animal agriculture. In M. E. Gershwin (ed.), Handbook of Nutrition and Immunology (pp. 363–373). New York: Humana Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koh, T. S., Peng, R. K. and Klasing, K. C. 1996. Dietary copper level affects copper metabolism during lipopolysaccharide-induced immunological stress in chicks. Poult Sci, 75, 867–872.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Konashi, S., Takahashi, K. and Akiba, Y. 2000. Effects of dietary essential amino acid deficiencies on immunological variables in broiler chickens. Br J Nutr, 83, 449–456.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Korver, D. R. 2012. Implications of changing immune function through nutrition in poultry. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 173, 54–64.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Latshaw, J. D. 1991. Nutrition--mechanisms of immunosuppression. Vet Immunol Immunopathol, 30, 111–120.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Laurin, D. E., Barnes, D. M. and Klasing, K. C. 1990. Rates of metallothionein synthesis, degradation and accretion in a chicken macrophage cell line. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med, 194, 157–164.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leshchinsky, T. V. and Klasing, K. C. 2001. Relationship between the level of dietary vitamin E and the immune response of broiler chickens. Poult Sci, 80, 1590–1599.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lillehoj, H. S. and Lee, K. W. 2012. Immune modulation of innate immunity as alternatives-to-antibiotics strategies to mitigate the use of drugs in poultry production. Poult Sci, 91, 1286–1291.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lin, Y. F. and Chang, S. J. 2006. Effect of dietary vitamin E on growth performance and immune response of breeder chickens. Asain-Aust. J. Anim. Sci., 19, 884–891.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lippolis, J. D. 2008. Immunological signaling networks: integrating the body’s immune response. J. Anim. Sci., 86, E53-63.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mohanna, C. and Nys, Y. 1999. Effect of dietary zinc content and sources on the growth, body zinc deposition and retention, zinc excretion and immune response in chickens. Br Poult Sci, 40, 108–114.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nir, I., Nitsan, Z., Dunnington, E. A. and Siegel, P. B. 1996. Aspects of food intake restriction in young domestic fowl: Metabolic and genetic considerations. World Poult. Sci. J., 52, 251–266.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Obled, C., Papet, I. and Breuille, D. 2002. Metabolic bases of amino acid requirements in acute diseases. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care, 5, 189–197.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Parmentier, H. K., Awati, A., Nieuwland, M. G., Schrama, J. W. and Sijben, J. W. 2002. Different sources of dietary n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and their effects on antibody responses in chickens. Br Poult Sci, 43, 533–544.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Praharaj, N. K., Gross, W. B., Dunnington, E. A., Nir, I. and Siegel, P. B. 1996. Immunoresponsiveness of fast-growing chickens as influenced by feeding regimen. Br Poult Sci, 37, 779–786.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rama Rao, S. V., Praharaj, N. K., Ramasubba Reddy, V. and Panda, A. K. 2003. Interaction between genotype and dietary concentrations of methionine for immune function in commercial broilers. Br Poult Sci, 44, 104–112.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reeds, P. J. and Jahoor, F. 2001. The amino acid requirements of disease. Clin. Nutr., Supplement 1, 15–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rudrappa, S. G. and Humphrey, B. D. 2007. Energy metabolism in developing chicken lymphocytes is altered during the embryonic to posthatch transition. J. Nutr., 137, 427–432.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Selvaraj, R. K. and Klasing, K. C. 2006. Lutein and eicosapentaenoic acid interact to modify iNOS mRNA levels through the PPARgamma/RXR pathway in chickens and HD11 cell lines. J Nutr, 136, 1610–1616.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Selvaraj, R. K., Shanmugasundaram, R. and Klasing, K. C. 2011. Effects of dietary lutein and PUFA on PPAR and RXR isomer expression in chickens during an inflammatory response. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol, 157, 198–203.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sijben, J. W., Nieuwland, M. G., Kemp, B., Parmentier, H. K. and Schrama, J. W. 2001. Interactions and antigen dependence of dietary n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids on antibody responsiveness in growing layer hens. Poult Sci, 80, 885–893.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, H., Sodhi, S. and Kaur, R. 2006. Effects of dietary supplements of selenium, vitamin E or combinations of the two on antibody responses of broilers. Br Poult Sci, 47, 714–719.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sirimongkolkasem, P. 2007. Amino acid partitioning during the acute phase response. Ph.D Thesis, UC Davis, Davis, CA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sklan, D., Melamed, D. and Friedman, A. 1994. The effect of varying levels of dietary vitamin A on immune response in the chick. Poult Sci, 73, 843–847.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sordillo, L. M., Contreras, G. A. and Aitken, S. L. 2009. Metabolic factors affecting the inflammatory response of periparturient dairy cows. Animal health research reviews, 10, 53–63.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Swain, B. K., Johri, T. S. and Majumdar, S. 2000. Effect of supplementation of vitamin E, selenium and their different combinations on the performance and immune response of broilers. Br Poult Sci, 41, 287–292.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vander Heiden, M. G., Cantley, L. C. and Thompson, C. B. 2009. Understanding the Warburg effect: the metabolic requirements of cell proliferation. Science, 324, 1029–1033.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wallace, R. J., Oleszek, W., Franze, C., Hahn, I., Baser, K. H. C., Mathe, A. and Reichmann, K. 2010. Dietary plant bioactives for poultry health and productivity. Br Poult Sci, 51, 461–487.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zebeli, Q. and Metzler-Zebeli, B. U. 2012. Interplay between rumen digestive disorders and diet-induced inflammation in dairy cattle. Res. Vet. Sci., 93, 1099–1108.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to K. C. Klasing .

Editor information

James W. Oltjen Ermias Kebreab Hélène Lapierre

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Wageningen Academic Publishers The Netherlands

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Klasing, K.C., Iseri, V.J. (2013). Recent advances in understanding the interactions between nutrients and immunity in farm animals. In: Oltjen, J.W., Kebreab, E., Lapierre, H. (eds) Energy and protein metabolism and nutrition in sustainable animal production. Energy and protein metabolism and nutrition in sustainable animal production, vol 134. Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen. https://doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-781-3_124

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics