Abstract
Drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS) is one of the most challenging fields of research and development for pharmaceutical and biotechnology products. A number of hydrophilic therapeutic agents, such as antibiotics, anticancer agents, or newly developed neuropeptides do not cross the blood brain barrier (BBB) after systemic administration. The BBB is formed by the tight junctions at the brain capillary endothelial cells, which strictly control drug transfer from blood to brain. Drug modification, osmotic opening of cerebral capillary endothelium, and alternative routes for administration (e.g., intracerebral delivery) have been successfully used to enhance drug transport to the CNS. The use of nanocarriers, such as liposomes and solid polymeric or lipid nanoparticles may be advantageous over the current strategies. These nanocarriers can not only mask the BBB limiting characteristics of the therapeutic drug molecule, but may also protect the drug from chemical/enzymatic degradation, and additionally provide the opportunity for sustained release characteristics. Reduction of toxicity to peripheral organs can also be achieved with these nanocarriers. This review article discusses the various barriers for drug delivery to the CNS and reviews the current state of nanocarriers for enhancing drug transport into the CNS.
Keywords: CNS drug delivery, Blood- brain barrier, Liposomes, Solid polymeric nanoparticles, Solid lipid nanoparticles
Current Drug Delivery
Title: A Review of Nanocarrier-Based CNS Delivery Systems
Volume: 3 Issue: 2
Author(s): Sandip B. Tiwari and Mansoor M. Amiji
Affiliation:
Keywords: CNS drug delivery, Blood- brain barrier, Liposomes, Solid polymeric nanoparticles, Solid lipid nanoparticles
Abstract: Drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS) is one of the most challenging fields of research and development for pharmaceutical and biotechnology products. A number of hydrophilic therapeutic agents, such as antibiotics, anticancer agents, or newly developed neuropeptides do not cross the blood brain barrier (BBB) after systemic administration. The BBB is formed by the tight junctions at the brain capillary endothelial cells, which strictly control drug transfer from blood to brain. Drug modification, osmotic opening of cerebral capillary endothelium, and alternative routes for administration (e.g., intracerebral delivery) have been successfully used to enhance drug transport to the CNS. The use of nanocarriers, such as liposomes and solid polymeric or lipid nanoparticles may be advantageous over the current strategies. These nanocarriers can not only mask the BBB limiting characteristics of the therapeutic drug molecule, but may also protect the drug from chemical/enzymatic degradation, and additionally provide the opportunity for sustained release characteristics. Reduction of toxicity to peripheral organs can also be achieved with these nanocarriers. This review article discusses the various barriers for drug delivery to the CNS and reviews the current state of nanocarriers for enhancing drug transport into the CNS.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Tiwari B. Sandip and Amiji M. Mansoor, A Review of Nanocarrier-Based CNS Delivery Systems, Current Drug Delivery 2006; 3 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156720106776359230
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156720106776359230 |
Print ISSN 1567-2018 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5704 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances of natural products, bio-actives and novel drug delivery system against emerging viral infections
Due to the increasing prevalence of viral infections and the ability of these human pathogens to develop resistance to current treatment strategies, there is a great need to find and develop new compounds to combat them. These molecules must have low toxicity, specific activity and high bioavailability. The most suitable ...read more
Electrospun Fibers as Drug Delivery Systems
In recent years, electrospun fibers have attracted considerable attention as potential platforms for drug delivery due to their distinctive properties and adaptability. These fibers feature a notable surface area-to-volume ratio and can be intentionally designed with high porosity, facilitating an increased capacity for drug loading and rendering them suitable for ...read more
Emerging Nanotherapeutics for Mitigation of Neurodegenerative Disorders
Conditions affecting the central nervous system (CNS) present a significant hurdle due to limited access of both treatments and diagnostic tools for the brain. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) acts as a barrier, restricting the passage of molecules from the bloodstream into the brain. The most formidable challenge facing scientists is ...read more
Nanotechnology Based Chemotherapy for the treatment of Head & Neck Cancer
The escalating recurrence rates observed in Head and Neck cancer, particularly within the chemo-therapeutically treated cohort (50-60%), can be attributed to the non-selective nature of current anticancer drug delivery modalities. In this context, nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems emerge as a promising avenue for achieving precise localization of therapeutic agents to ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Functional Roles of the Ca2+-activated K+ Channel, KCa3.1, in Brain Tumors
Current Neuropharmacology Molecular Pharmacology of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Challenges and Perspectives From Preclinical and Clinical Studies
Current Drug Targets ExomiRs: A Novel Strategy in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy
Current Gene Therapy Protein Pool Maintenance During Oxidative Stress
Current Pharmaceutical Design Anticancer Active Heterocyclic Chalcones: Recent Developments
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Malaria and artemisinin derivatives: an updated review
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry CRISPR-Cas9, A Promising Therapeutic Tool for Cancer Therapy: A Review
Protein & Peptide Letters Histone Methyltransferase Inhibitors: Novel Epigenetic Agents for Cancer Treatment
Current Medicinal Chemistry Dual Inhibitors of β-Amyloid Aggregation and Acetylcholinesterase as Multi-Target Anti-Alzheimer Drug Candidates
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) has Proliferative Effects on Neural Stem Cells through the Truncated TRK-B Receptor, MAP Kinase, AKT, and STAT-3 Signaling Pathways
Current Neurovascular Research Anti-Cancer Effects of a New Docosahexaenoic Acid Monoacylglyceride in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Topoisomerase I Inhibitors in the Treatment of Primary CNS Malignancies: An Update on Recent Trends
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI in Oncology Drug Development
Current Clinical Pharmacology Application of Metabolomics in Drug Discovery, Development and Theranostics
Current Metabolomics H19: A Vital Long Noncoding RNA in the Treatment of Diabetes and Diabetic Complications
Current Pharmaceutical Design An Update on the Other Telomerase Inhibitors: Non-G-Quadruplex Interactive Agent, Non-Antisense, Non-Reverse Transcriptase Telomerase Inhibitors
Medicinal Chemistry Reviews - Online (Discontinued) State-of-the-Art Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Oncologic Imaging
Current Molecular Imaging (Discontinued) Novel Therapeutic Approaches Targeting Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and its Receptors in Haematological Malignancies
Current Cancer Drug Targets Oncomirs: From Tumor Biology to Molecularly Targeted Anticancer Strategies
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Targeting CXCL12/CXCR4 Axis in Tumor Immunotherapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry