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Systemic and Mucosal Delivery of Drugs within Polymeric Microparticles Produced by Spray Drying

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Abstract

Encapsulation of therapeutic and diagnostic materials into polymeric particles is a means to protect and control or target the release of active substances such as drugs, vaccines, and genetic material. In terms of mucosal delivery, polymeric encapsulation can be used to promote absorption of the active substance, while particles can improve the half-life of drugs administered systemically. Spray drying is an attractive technology used to produce such microparticles, because it combines both the encapsulation and drying steps in a rapid, single-step operation. Even so, spray drying is not classically associated with processes used for drug and therapeutic material encapsulation, since elevated temperatures could potentially denature the active substance. However, a comprehensive review of the literature revealed a number of studies demonstrating that spray drying can be used to produce microparticulate formulations with labile therapeutics. Polymers commonly employed include synthetics such as methacrylic copolymers and polyesters, and natural materials including chitosan and alginate. Drugs and active substances are diverse and included antibiotics, anti-inflammatory agents, and chemotherapeutics. Regarding the delivery of spray-dried particles, the pulmonary, oral, colonic, and nasal mucosal routes are often investigated because they offer a convenient means of administration, which promotes physician and patient compliance. In addition, spray drying has been widely used to produce polymeric microparticles for systemic delivery in order to control the delivery of drugs, vaccines, or genetic material that may exhibit poor pharmacokinetic profiles or pose toxicity concerns. This review presents a brief introduction to the technology of spray drying and outlines the delivery routes and the applications of spray-dried polymeric microparticles.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Michael Faba for help with constructing chemical structures for figure 3, and Charles Cooney for help with scanning electron microscopy. The research was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, and the Way Memorial Trust Award of Queen’s University. The authors have declared no conflicts of interest that are relevant to the content of this review article.

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  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6

    Kristen Bowey &  Ronald J. Neufeld

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Bowey, K., Neufeld, R.J. Systemic and Mucosal Delivery of Drugs within Polymeric Microparticles Produced by Spray Drying. BioDrugs 24, 359–377 (2010). https://doi.org/10.2165/11539070-000000000-00000

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