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Strategies Toward the Improved Oral Delivery of Insulin Nanoparticles via Gastrointestinal Uptake and Translocation

  • Drug Delivery
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Abstract

The design of strategies that improve the absorption of insulin through the gastrointestinal tract is a considerable challenge in the pharmaceutical sciences and would significantly enhance the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Several strategies have been devised to overcome physiologic and morphologic barriers to insulin absorption, including the inhibition of acidic and enzymatic degradation, enhancement of membrane permeability or widening of tight junctions, chemical modification of insulin, and the formulation of carrier systems. In particular, the concept of nanoparticulate carriers for oral insulin delivery has evolved through remarkable advances in nanotechnology. Investigations focused on uptake and translocation via Peyer’s patches have demonstrated high levels of nanoparticle absorption based on significant alterations in the glycemic response to various glucogenic sources. This paper reviews the mechanisms for insulin and particle uptake and translocation through the gastrointestinal tract, and the potential barriers to this, outlines the design of nanoparticulate carriers for the oral delivery of insulin, and presents prospects for its clinical application.

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Notes

  1. The use of trade names is for product identification purposes only and does not imply endorsement.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Fundaçao para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) of Portugal (SFRH/BD/30644/2006) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada for their financial support of this work.

The authors have no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this review.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Rua do Norte 3000-295, Coimbra, Portugal

    Camile B. Woitiski, António J. Ribeiro & Francisco Veiga

  2. Department of Biochemistry and Center of Neurosciences and Cellular Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

    Rui A. Carvalho

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada

    Ronald J. Neufeld

Authors
  1. Camile B. Woitiski
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  2. Rui A. Carvalho
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  3. António J. Ribeiro
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  4. Ronald J. Neufeld
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  5. Francisco Veiga
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Correspondence to Camile B. Woitiski.

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Woitiski, C.B., Carvalho, R.A., Ribeiro, A.J. et al. Strategies Toward the Improved Oral Delivery of Insulin Nanoparticles via Gastrointestinal Uptake and Translocation. BioDrugs 22, 223–237 (2008). https://doi.org/10.2165/00063030-200822040-00002

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