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Convergence of Nanotechnology and Cardiovascular Medicine

Progress and Emerging Prospects

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Abstract

Advances in the emergence of biological probes, materials, and analytical tools limited to the nanoscale size range, collectively referred to as ‘nanotechnology’, are increasingly being applied to the understanding and treatment of the major pathophysiological problems in cardiovascular medicine. Analytical techniques based on high-resolution microscopy and molecular-level fluorescence excitation processes capable of detecting nanoscale interactions have been used to elucidate cardiovascular pathology. Nanotechnology has also significantly impacted diagnostic intervention in cardiology, with the use of nanoparticles as contrast agents, for targeted biomedical imaging of vulnerable plaques, for detection of specific pathologic targets signaling the onset of atherosclerosis, and for tracking inflammatory events. Real-time nanoscale biosensors can be used to measure cardiovascular biomarkers, and nanopore sequencing has the potential to speed up the analysis of gene expression in cardiovascular disease. Potential therapeutic applications include the use of nanomaterials in cardiovascular devices, for delivery of drugs and bioactive molecules, or in novel technologies for reducing cholesterol accumulation and for dissolving clots.

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  1. The use of trade names is for product identification purposes only and does not imply endorsement

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge funding support from the National Institutes of Health (Rutgers-UMDNJ T32 Biotechnology Training Program), the National Science Foundation (IGERT on Biointerfaces: DGE 0333196; BES 0201788), and the American Heart Association (0455823T; 0756036T). For the studies on nanolipoblockers, the authors are grateful for the significant contributions from Professor Kathryn E. Uhrich and her laboratory co-workers at Rutgers.

The authors have no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this review.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA

    Nicole Iverson &  Prabhas V. Moghe

  2. Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA

    Nicole Plourde &  Prabhas V. Moghe

  3. Musculoskeletal Transplant Foundation, Edison, New Jersey, USA

    Evangelia Chnari

  4. Division of Vascular Surgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA

    Gary B. Nackman

  5. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA

    Prabhas V. Moghe

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  1. Nicole Iverson
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Correspondence to Prabhas V. Moghe.

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Iverson, N., Plourde, N., Chnari, E. et al. Convergence of Nanotechnology and Cardiovascular Medicine. BioDrugs 22, 1–10 (2008). https://doi.org/10.2165/00063030-200822010-00001

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