Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Adverse Effects of Antidepressant Drugs

Part 2: ‘Second Generation’ Antidepressants and Rational Decision Making in Antidepressant Therapy

  • Review Articles
  • Published:
Drugs Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Åberg, A. and Holmberg, G: Preliminary clinical test of zimelidine (H 102/09), a new 5-HT uptake inhibitor. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 59: 45 ( 1979).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Albertini, R.S. and Penders, T.M.: Agranulocytosis associated with tricyclics. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 39: 483 (1978).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Anath, j. and Luchins, D.J.: Combined MAOI-tricyclic therapy (a critical review). Indian Journal of Psychiatry 18: 26 (1976).

    Google Scholar 

  • Appel, P.; Eckel, K. and Harrer, G.: Veranderungen des blasen-und blasensphinktestonus durch thymoleptika. International Pharmacopsychiatry 6: 15 (1971).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barnes, T.R.E. and Greenwood, D.T.: Viloxazine and migraine. Lancet 2: 1368(1979).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Biggs, J.T.: Clinical pharmacology and toxicology of antidepres-sants. Hospital Practice 13: 79 (1978).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blackwell, B.: Hypertensive crisis due to MAOI. Lancet 2: 849–851 (1963).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blackwell, B.: The process of discovery; in Ayd and Blackwell (Eds) Discoveries in Biological Psychiatry, pp.11–29 (Lippin-cott, Philadelphia and Toronto 1970).

    Google Scholar 

  • Blackwell, B.: Antidepressant drugs; in Dukes (Ed) Side Effects of Drugs Annual I, pp.9–16 (Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam-Oxford 1977).

    Google Scholar 

  • Blackwell, B.: Antidepressant drugs; in Dukes (Ed) Side Effects of Drugs Annual 2, pp. 9–16 (Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam-Oxford 1978).

    Google Scholar 

  • Blackwell, B.: MHPG in depression. Psychiatric Opinion 16: 2 (1979a).

    Google Scholar 

  • Blackwell, B.: Antidepressant drugs; in Dukes (Ed) Side Effects of Drugs Annual 3, pp.8–21 (Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam-Oxford 1979b).

    Google Scholar 

  • Blackwell, B.: The drug regimen and treatment compliance; in Haynes, Taylor, and Sackett (Eds) Compliance in Health Care, pp.144–156 (Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore 1979c).

    Google Scholar 

  • Blackwell, B.: Antidepressant drugs; in Dukes (Ed) Side Effects of Drugs Annual 4, pp. 17–21 (Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam-Oxford 1980).

    Google Scholar 

  • Blackwell, B.: Antidepressant drugs; in Dukes (Ed) Side Effects of Drugs Annual 5 (Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam-Oxford, In press 1981).

    Google Scholar 

  • Blackwell, B. and Currah, J.: The psychopharmacology of nocturnal enuresis; in Kolvin, MacKeith and Meadow (Eds) Bladder Control and Enuresis, pp.213–257, Clinics in Developmental Medicine No. 48/49 (Heinemann, London 1973).

    Google Scholar 

  • Blackwell, B.; Marley, E.; Price, J. and Taylor, D.: Hypertensive interactions between monoamine oxidase inhibitors and food stuffs. British Journal of Psychiatry 113: 349–365 (1967).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blackwell, B.; Lipkin, J.O.; Meyer, J.H. and Kuzma, R.: Dose responses and relationships between anticholinergic side effects and mood with tricyclic antidepressants. Psychopharmacologia 25: 205–217 (1972).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blackwell. B.; Stepfopoulos, A.; Enders, P.; Kuzma, R. and Adolphe, A.; Adolphe, A.: The anticholinergic activity of two tricyclic anti-depressants. American Journal of Psychiatry 135: 722–724 (1978).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blackwell, B.; Peterson, G.R.; Kuzma, R.J. and Adolphe, A.: The effect of five tricyclic antidepressants on salivary flow and mood in healthy volunteers. Submitted for publication (1980).

  • Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program Report. Adverse reactions to tricyclic antidepressant drugs. Lancet 1: 529–531 (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bournerias, F. and Habibi, B.: Nomifensine-induced immune haemolytic anaemia and impaired renal function. Lancet 2. 95 (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  • Brogden, R.N.; Heel, R.C.; Speight, T.M. and Avery, G.S.: Nomifensine: A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in depressive illness. Drugs 18: 1–24 (1979a).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brogden, R.N.; Heel, R.C.; Speight, T.M. and Avery, G.S.: Mian-serin A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in depressive illness. Drugs 16: 273–301 (1979b).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burgess, CD.; Montgomery, S.; Wadsworth, J. and Turner, P.: Cardiovascular effects of mianserin, zimelidine, nomifensine in depressed patients. Postgraduate Medical Journal 55: 704–708(1979).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Burrows, G.D.; Vohra, J.; Dumovic, P.; Maguire, K.; Scoggins, B.A. and Davies, B.: Tricyclic antidepressant drugs and cardiac conduction. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology 1: 329(1977).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Callahan, M.: Tricyclic antidepressant overdose. Journal of American College of Emergency Physicians 8: 413–35 ( 1979).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carney, M.W.P.: Tricyclics and the heart. British Journal of Psychiatry 134: 637–639(1979).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carr, A.C. and Hobson, R.P.: High serum concentrations of antidepressants in elderly patients. British Medical Journal 2: 1151 (1978).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chouinard, G. and Jones, B.D.: Neuroleptic-induced supersen-sitivity psychosis: Clinical and pharmacologic characteristics. American Journal of Psychiatry 137: 16–21 (1980).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clarke, I.M.C.: Adynamic ileus and amitriptyline. British Medical Journal 2: 531 (1971).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Coppen, A.; Shaw, D.M. and Farrell, J.P.: Potentiation of the an-tidepressive effect of a monoamine oxidase inhibitor by tryp-tophan. Lancet 1: 79–81 (1963).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Connell, P.H.: Amphetamine psychosis; in Maudley Monograph No. 5, (Oxford University Press, London 1958).

  • Crombie, D.L.; Pinsent, R.J. and Fleming, D.: Imipramine in pregnancy. British Medical Journal 1: 745 (1972).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Crome, P. and Newman, B.: Fatal tricyclic antidepressant poisoning. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 72: 649–653 (1979).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davies, R.K.; Tucker, E.J.; Harrow, M. and Detre, T.P.: Confu-sional episodes and antidepressant medication. American Journal of Psychiatry 128: 127 ( 1971).

    Google Scholar 

  • DeMaio, D. and Levi-Minzi, A.: Amitriptyline: A comparison of three different dosage schedules in neurotic depression. British Journal of Psychiatry 135: 73–76 (1979).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Detre, P. and Jarecki, H.G. (Eds): Modern Psychiatric Treatment, pp.614–620 (Lippincott, Philadelphia and Toronto 1971).

    Google Scholar 

  • Editorial: Tricyclic antidepressant concentrations and clinical dosage. British Medical Journal 2: 783 (1978).

  • Editorial: Tricyclic antidepressant poisoning in children. Lancet 2: 1116(1979).

  • Edwards, G.J.: Convulsive seizures and viloxazine. British Medical Journal 2: 96(1977).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Edwards, J.G.: Antidepressants and convulsions. Lancet 2: 1368–1369(1979).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fabre, L.F.; McLendon, D.M. and Gainey, A.: Trazadone efficacy in depression. A double-blind comparison with impramine and placebo in day hospital type patients. Current Therapeutic Research 25: 827–834(1979).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fann, W.E.; Sullivan, J. and Richman, B.W.: Dyskinesias associated with tricyclic antidepressants. British Journal of Psychiatry 128: 490(1976).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Flemenbaum, A.: Pavor nocturnus: A complication of single daily tricyclic or neuroleptic dosage. American Journal of Psychiatry 133: 570 (1976).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Forrest, W.A.: Maprotiline (Ludiomil) in depression: A report of a monitored release study in general practice. Journal of International Medical Research 5 (Suppl. 4): 112 (1977).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fu, Tsu-Ker; Jarvik, L.F.; Yen, Fu-Sun; Matsuyama, S.S.; Glassman, A.H.; Perel, J.M. and Malitz, S.: Effects of imipramine on chromosomes in psychiatric patients. Neuropsychobiology 4: 113(1978).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gelenberg, A.J.; Cooper, D.S.; Doller, J.C. and Maloof, F.: Galac-torrhea and hyperprolactinemia associated with amoxapine therapy. Journal of the American Medical Association 242: 1900–1901 (1979).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gilani, S.H.: Imipramine and congenital abnormalities. Pathologic Microbiology (Basel) 40: 37 (1974).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Glassman, A.H.; Giardina, E.V.; Perel, J.M.; Bigger, J.T. Jr; Kantor, S.J. and Davies, M.: An important side effect of imipramine: Postural hypotension. Lancet 1: 468–472 (1979).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goldberg, R.S. and Thornton, W.E.: Combined tricyclic-MAOI therapy for refractory depression: A review, with guidelines for appropriate usage. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 18: 143(1978).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gulevich, G.: Psychopharmacological treatment of the aged; in Barelos et al. (Eds) Psychopharmacology pp.448–457 (Oxford University Press, New York 1977).

    Google Scholar 

  • Harris, B. and Harper, M.: Unusual appetites in patients on mian-serin. Lancet 1: 590(1980).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hayes, J.R.; Born, G.F. and Rosebaum, A.H.: Incidence of orthostatic hypotension in patients with primary affective disorders treated with tricyclic antidepressants. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 52: 509 (1977).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heath, A.; Wickstrom, I. and Ahlem, J.: Haemoperfusion of tricyclic antidepressant poisoning. Lancet 1: 155 (1980).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Herson, V.C.; Schmitt, B.D. and Rumack, B.H.: Magical thinking and Imipramine poisoning in two school-age children. Journal of the American Medical Association 241: 1926 (1979).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hoppe, E.; Kramp, P.; Sand, E. and Bolwig, T.G.: Elektrokon-vulsiv behandling og tricykliske antidepressiva: Risiko for udvikling af Hjerteartmi. Ugeskrift For Laeger (Copenhagen) 139: 2636(1977).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Idanpaan-Heikkila, J. and Saxen, L.: Possible teratogenicity of imipramine/chloropyramine. Lancet 2: 282(1973).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jaffe, K. and Zisook, S.: Galactorrhea in a patient treated with amoxapine. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 39: 321 (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, D.A.W.: Treatment of depression in general practice. British Medical Journal 2: 18–20 (1973).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kantor, S.J.; Bigger, J.T.; Glassman, A.H.; Macken, D.L. and Perel, J.M.: Imipramine-induced heart block: A longitudinal case study. Journal of the American Medical Association 213: 1364(1975).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kantor, S.J.; Glassman, AH.; Bigger, J.T.; Perel, J.M. and Giardina, E.V. The cardiac effects of therapeutic plasma concentration of imipramine. American Journal of Psychiatry 135: 534(1978).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaumeier, H.S. and Haase, H.J.: A double-blind comparison between amoxapine and amitriptyline in depressed inpatients. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 18: 177–184 (1980).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kellams, J.J.; Klapper, M.H. and Small, J.G.: Trazadone, a new antidepressant: Efficacy and safety in endogenous depression. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 3.9: 390–395 (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  • Klatskin, G.: In Schaffner, Sherlock and Leevy (Eds) The liver and Its Diseases, p.163 (Stuttgart 1974); and in Schiff (Ed) Diseases of the Liver, p.604 (Lippincott, Philadelphia 1974).

  • Kline, N.: Monoamine oxidase inhibitors: An unfinished picaresque tale; in Ayd and Blackwell (Eds) Discoveries in Biological Psychiatry, pp. 194–204 (Lippincott, Philadelphia and Toronto 1970).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kopera, H.: Anticholinergic effects of mianserin. Current Medical Research and Opinion 6 (Suppl. 7): 132–138 (1980).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kozakova, M.: Liekova purpura po antidepresivach. Ceskoslovenska Dermatologie 46: 158 (1971).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kuenssberg, E.V. and Knox, J.D.E.: Imipramine in pregnancy. British Medical Journal 2: 292 (1972).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kuhn, R.: The imipramine story; in Ayd and Blackwell (Eds) Discoveries in Biological Psychiatry, pp.205–217 (Lippincott, Philadelphia and Toronto 1970).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lloyd, A.H.: Practical considerations in the use of maprotiline (Ludiomil) in general practice. Journal of International Medical Research 5 (Suppl. 4): 122 (1977).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McBride, N.G.: Limb deformities associated with iminodibenzyl hydrochloride. Medical Journal of Australia 1: 492 (1972).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meignan, L.: Anesthesie et anti-depresseurs tri-cycliques. Cahiers d’Anesthesiologie 25: 735 (1977).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moir, D.C.; Crooks, J; Cornewell, W.B.; O’Malley, K., Ding-wall-Fordyce; Turnbull, M.J. and Weir, R.D.: Cardiotoxicity of imipramine. Lancet 2: 561–564 (1972).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Montgomery, S.; Crome, P. and Braithwaite, R.: Nomifensine overdose. Lancet 1: 828 (1978).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nakra, B.R.; Rutland, P.; Verma, S. and Gaind, R.: Amitripyline and weight gain: A biochemical and endocrinological study. Current Medical Research and Opinion 4: 602 (1977).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nouri, A. and Cuendet, J.F.: A heintes oculaires au cours des traitements aux hypnoleptiques. Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift Journal Suisse De Medecine (Basel) 101: 1178 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Norman, T.R.; Burrows, G.D.; Scroggins, B.A. and Davies, B.: Pharmacokinetics and plasma levels of antidepressants in the elderly. Medical Journal of Australia 1: 273–274 (1979).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • O’Brien, J.P.: A study of low-dose amitriptyline overdose. American Journal of Psychiatry 134: 66 (1977).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Palmai, CT.; Blackwell, B.; Maxwell, A.E. and Morgenstern, F.: Patterns of salivary flow in depressive illness and during treatment. British Journal of Psychiatry 113: 1297–1308 (1967).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pare, C.M.B.: Monoamine oxidase inhibitors in resistant depression. International Pharmacopsychiatry 14: 101–109(1979).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paykel, E.S.; Meuller, P.S. and De La Vergne, P.M.: Amitriptyline, weight gain and carbohydrate craving: A side effect. British Journal of Psychiatry 123: 501 (1973).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paykel, E.S.; Parker, R.R.; Penrose, R.J.J. and Rassaby, E.R.: Depressive classification and prediction of response to phenelzine. British Journal of Psychiatry 134: 572–581 (1979).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pedersen, R.S.: Hemoperfusion of tricyclic antidepressant poisoning. Lancet 1: 154(1980).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Petit, J.M.; Spiker, D.G.; Ruwitch, J.F.; Ziegler, V.E.; Weiss, A.N. and Biggs, J.T.: Tricyclic antidepressant plasma levels and adverse effects after overdose. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 21: 47 (1977).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pinder, R.M.; Brogden, R.N.; Speight, T.M. and Avery, G.S.: Viloxazine: A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in depressive illness. Drugs 13: 401 (1977a).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pinder, R.M.; Brogden, R.N.; Speight, T.M. and Avery, G.S. Maprotiline: A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in mental depressive states. Drugs 13: 321 (1977b).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pinder, R.M.; Blum, A.; Stulemeijer, S.M. et al.: A double-blind multicenter trial comparing the efficacy and side effects of mianserin and clomipramine in depressed inpatients and outpatients. Current Medical Research and Opinion 6 (Suppl 7): 115–127(1980).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ponto, L.B.; Berry, P.J.; Liskow, B.I. and Seaba, H.H. Drug therapy review: Tricyclic antidepressant and monoamine oxidase inhibitor combination therapy. American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy 34: 954(1977).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Preskorn, S.H. and Biggs, J.T. Use of tricyclic antidepressant blood levels. New Engalnd Journal of Medicine 1: 166 (1978).

    Google Scholar 

  • Prien, R.F.: Problems and practices in geriatric psychophar-macology. Psychosomatics 21: 213–223 (1980).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reisby, N.; Gran, L.F.; Bech, P.; Nagy, A.; Petersen, G.O.; Ortman, J.; Ibsen, I.; Dencker, S.J. et al.: Imipramine: Clinical effects and pharmacokinetic variability. Psychopharmacology 54: 263 (1977).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson, D.S.; Nies, A.; Ravaris, C.L.; Ives, J.O. and Bartlett, D: Clinical pharmacology and phenelzine. Archives of General Psychiatry 35: 629–635 (1978).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Salzman, C. and Shader, R.I: Drugs that may contribute to depression in the elderly; in Raskin and Jarvik (Eds) Psychiatric Symptoms and Cognitive Loss in the Elderly, pp.57–72 (Wiley, New York 1979).

    Google Scholar 

  • Santos, A.B. and McCurdy, L.: Delirium after abrupt withdrawal from doxepin: Case report. American Journal of Psychiatry 137: 239–240(1980).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schatzberg, A.F.; Cole, J.O. and Blumer, D.P. Speech blockage: A tricyclic side effect. American Journal of Psychiatry 135: 600(1978).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sethi, B.B.; Sharma, I.; Singh, H. and Mehta, V.K. Amoxapine and amitriptyline: A double-blind study in depressed patients. Current Therapeutic Research 25: 726–737 (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  • Shaw, W.L.: The comparative safety of mianserin in overdose. Current Medical Research and Opinion 6 (Suppl. 7): 44–51 (1980).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shepherd, J.T. and Whiting, B. Beta-adrenergic blockage in the treatment of MAOI self-poisoning. Lancet 2: 1021 (1974).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sitaram, N.; Weingartner, H. and Gillin, J.C.: Human serial learning: Enhancement with arecholine and choline and impairment with scopolamine. Science 201: 274–276 (1978).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Snyder, S.H. and Yamamura. H.I.: Antidepressants and the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. Archives of General Psychiatry 34: 236(1977).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Solomon, J.G.: Seizures during lithium-amitriptyline therapy. Postgraduate Medicine 66: 145–148 (1979).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sovner, R. and Orsulak, P.J.: Excretion of imipramine and desipramine in human breast milk. American Journal of Psychiatry 136: 451–452 (1979).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stern, S.L. and Mendels, J.: Withdrawal symptoms during the course of imipramine therapy. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 41:66–67(1980).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Takahashi, R.; Sakuma, A.; Hara, T.; Kazamatsuri, H.; Mori, A.; et al.: Comparison of efficacy of amoxapine and imipramine in a multi-clinic double-blind study using the WHO schedule depressive disorders. Journal of International Medical Research 7: 7 (1979).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tyber, M.A.: The relationship between hiatus hernia and tricyclic antidepressants: A report of five cases. American Journal of Psychiatry 132(6): 652(1975).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tyrer, B.; Gardner, M.; Lambourn, J. and Whitford, M.: Clinical and pharmacokinetic factors affecting response to phenelzine. British Journal of Psychiatry 136: 359–365 (1980).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Van De Ree, J.K.; Van Heijst, A.N.P.; Van Heijst, A.N.P.: Zimmerman, A.N.E. and Intoxication by tricyclic antidepressant drugs. Netherlands Journal of Medicine 20: 149 (1977).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van Scheyen, J.D. and Van Kammen, D.P.: Clomipramine-induced mania in unipolar depression. Archives of General Psychiatry 36: 560–565(1979).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van Vliet, A.C.M.; Frenkel, M. and Wilson, J.H.P.: Acute lever-insufficientie na Opipramolgebruik. Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde (Amsterdam) 121: 1325 (1977).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wasylenki, D.: Depression in the elderly. Canadian Medical Association Journal 122: 525–533 (1980).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wehr, T.A. and Goodwin, F.K.: Rapid cycling in manic-depressives induced by tricyclic antidepressants. Archives of General Psychiatry 36: 555–559 (1979).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Williams, W.: Mianserin reverses weight gain associated with amitriptyline. Medical Journal of Australia 1: 132 (1980).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wright, S.P.: Hazards with monoamine oxidase inhibitors: A persistent problem. Lancet 1: 284 (1978).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yon, J. and Anuras, S.: Hepatitis caused by amitriptyline therapy. Journal of the American Medical Association 232: 833 (1975).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Young, J.P.R.; Lader, M.H. and Hughes, W.C.: Controlled trial of trimipramine, monoamine oxidase inhibitors and combined treatments in depressed outpatients. British Medical Journal 2: 1315–1319(1979).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Young, J.P.R.; Lader, M.H. and Hughes, W.C.: Controlled trial of trimipramine, monoamine oxidase inhibitors and combined treatments in depressed outpatients. British Medical Journal 2: 1315–1319(1979).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ziegler, V.E.; Taylor, J.R.; Wetzel, R.D. and Biggs, J.T.: Nortrip-tyline plasma levels and subjective side effects. British Journal of Psychiatry 132: 55 (1978).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zis, A.P. and Goodwin, F.K.: Novel antidepressants and the biogenic amine hypothesis of depression. Archives of General Psychiatry 36: 1097–1107(1979).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zis, A.P.; Cowdry, R.W.; Wehr, T.A.; Muscettola, G. and Goodwin, FK Tricyclic-induced mania and MHPG excretion. Psychiatric Research 1: 93–99 (1979).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin and Mount Sinai Medical Center, 950 N. 12th St., Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53201, USA

    Barry Blackwell

Authors
  1. Barry Blackwell
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Blackwell, B. Adverse Effects of Antidepressant Drugs. Drugs 21, 273–282 (1981). https://doi.org/10.2165/00003495-198121040-00003

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.2165/00003495-198121040-00003

Keywords

Search

Navigation