Araştırma Makalesi
Assessment of Irrigation Schemes with Performance Indicators in Southeastern Irrigation District of Turkey
Öz
Water resources are among the most important natural riches of the countries, so this resource must be used correctly and sustainable, especially in the agriculture sector. The Southeastern District of Turkey, has abundant water resources but is known as a region where the problems arising from the excessive use of water. In this study, 5 irrigation schemes (Akçakale, Şanlıurfa, Yaylak Plain, Upper Harran, Bozova) in the Southeastern District of Turkey were chosen as a material to investigate the performance. It is aimed to assess the irrigation schemes in the district with performance indicators used widely by researchers. As an assessment method, ANOVA was used to determine differences of performance indicators among irrigation schemes, multiple regression and correlation were used to explain statistical relation among performance indicators. As a result, irrigation water supplied to users per unit irrigated area (Wirrigated) can be explained with irrigation ratio (Iratio), irrigation water supplied to users per unit command area (Wcommand), relative water supply (Rws) and output per unit irrigation water supplied to users (Owater) (R2= 0.98). In the region, the average Rws was found 2.38 although irrigation methods used by farmers were generally sprinkler. The study also concluded that serious operation, maintenance and management problems exist in the irrigation schemes of the district.
Kaynakça
- Alcon F, Garcia-Bastida P A, Soto-Garcia M, MartinezAlvarez V, Martin-Gorriz B & Baille A (2017). Explaining the Performance of Irrigation Communities in a Water-scarce Region. Irrigation Science 35(3): 193-203
- Alpar R (2017). Çok Degiskenli Istatistiksel Yontemler. Detay Yayimcilik. Istanbul, ISBN: 978-605-5437-42-B Arslan F & Degirmenci H (2017). Rating of Some Irrigation Projects Operated by DSI in Turkey. International Advanced Researches & Engineering Congress-2017, 16-18 Nov, Osmaniye, Turkey, pp. 2360-2735
- Arslan F & Degirmenci H (2018). RAP-MASSCOTE Approach of Modernizing Operation-maintenance and Management of Irrigation Schemes: a Case Study of Kahramanmaraș Left Bank Irrigation Scheme. Ataturk University Journal of the Agricultural Faculty 49(1): 45-51
- Burt C (2001). Rapid Appraisal Process (RAP) and Benchmarking: Explanation and Tools. Retrieved in August, 18, 2018 from http://www.watercontrol.org/ tools/rap-eng-2002
- Cakmak B, Beyrı̇bey M, Yildirim Y E & Kodal S (2004). Benchmarking Performance of Irrigation Schemes: a Case Study from Turkey. Irrigation and Drainage 53(2): 155-163
- Corcoles J I, de Juan J A, Ortega J F, Tarjuelo J M & Moreno M A (2010). Management Evaluation of Water Users Associations using Benchmarking Techniques. Agricultural Water Management 98: 1-11
- Corcoles J I, de Juan J A, Ortega J F, Tarjuelo J M & Moreno M A (2012). Evaluation of Irrigation Systems by using Benchmarking Techniques. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering 138(3): 225234
- Degirmenci H (2001). Devredilen sulama sebekelerinin karsilastirma gostergeleri ile degerlendirilmesi. Uludağ Universitesi Ziraat Fakultesi Dergisi: 15: 3141
- Degirmenci H, Tanriverdi C, Arslan F & Gonen E (2017). Benchmarking Performance of Large Scale Irrigation Schemes wıth Comparative Indicators in Turkey. Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation and Surveying, Environmental Engineering 6: 87-92
- Denis A, Suryavanshi S & Yadav A (2017). Irrıgation performance assessment of a Canal irrigated area: A case study of Samrakalwana Village in Allahabad. Journal of Indian Water Resources Society 37(4): 1724
- DSI (2017). 2016 Yılı DSI’ce isletilen ve devredilen sulama tesisleri degerlendirme raporu. General Directorate of State Hydraulic Works, Ankara, Turkey
- DSI (2018). Irrigation schemes. 15th district general directorate of state hydraulic works. Retrieved in December, 11
- DSI (2019). Guneydogu Anadolu projesi kalkinma idaresi baskanligi tarihcesi. Retrieved in February, 14, 2019 from http://www.gap.gov.tr/gap-bki-tarihcesisayfa-37.html
- Elicabuk C & Topak R (2017). Evaluation of Irrigation Performance in Gevrekli Irrigation Association. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 3(2): 191-199
- Flörke M, Schneider C & McDonald R I (2018). How agriculture can ease the global urban water shortage. Farmer’s Weekly 2018(18006): 6-7 Gumus I U & Kaya C (2014). GAP Tarımsal eğitim ve yayım projesi çiftçi örgütleri merkezli çoğulcu yayım modeli. Ulusal Aile Çiftçiliği Sempozyumu, 30-31 October, Ankara, pp. 407-411
- Kalender M A & Topak R (2017). Irrigation performance of Ilgin plain irrigation association. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 31(2): 59-67
- Kartal S (2018). Sulama şebeke performanslarının çok değişkenli istatistiksel yöntemlerle değerlendirilmesi: Türkiye örneği. PhD Thesis, Kahramanmaras Sucu Imam University (Unpublished), TR
- Kiziloglu F M, Sahin U, Diler S & Oztaskin S (2018). Evaluation of irrigation system performance in the first and second stage irrigation scheme of Erzurum Daphan Plain irrigation associations (2012-2016). Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology 6(10): 1381-1387
- Lecina S, Isidoro D, Playán E & Aragüés R (2010). Irrigation modernization and water conservation in Spain: The case of Riegos del Alto Aragón. Agricultural Water Management 97(10): 1663-1675
- Malano H & Burton M (2001). Guidelines for benchmarking performance in the irrigation and drainage Sector, IPTRID and FAO, Rome, Italy. 2001
- Malano H, Burton M & Makin I (2004). Benchmarking Performance in the irrigation and drainage sector: a Tool for Change. Irrigation and Drainage: 53:119-133
- Molden D J, Sakthivadivel R, Perry C J & De Fraiture C (1998). Indicators for Comparing Performance of Irrigated Agricultural Systems. International Water Management Institute, Colombo, Research Report 20: 26
- Muema F, Home P & Raude J (2018). Application of benchmarking and principal component analysis in measuring performance of public irrigation schemes in Kenya. Agriculture 8(10): 162
- Ozdamar K (2017). Paket Programlar ile Istatistiksel Veri Analizi. Nisan Yayımcılık, Ankara Playan E & Mateos L (2006). Modernization and optimization of irrigation systems to increase water productivity. Agricultural Water Management 80: 100-105
- Renault D, Facon T & Wahaj R (2007). Modernizing Irrigation Management: The MASSCOTE ApproachMapping System and Services for Canal Operation Techniques, FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 63, pp. 207
- Rodriguez-Diaz J A, Poyato E C & Luque R L (2004). Applying benchmarking and data envelopment analysis (DEA) techniques to irrigation districts in Spain. Irrigation and Drainage 53(2): 135-143
- Rodriguez-Diaz J A, Camacho E, Lopez R & Perez L (2008). Benchmarking and multivariate data analysis techniques for improving the efficiency of irrigation districts: an application in Spain. Agricultural Systems 96: 250-259
- Tanriverdi C, Degirmenci H & Sesveren S (2011). Assessment of irrigation schemes in turkey based on management types. African Journal of Biotechnology 10(11): 1997-2004
- Uysal O K & Atis E (2010). Assessing the performance of participatory irrigation management over time: a case study from Turkey. Agricultural Water Management 97(7): 1017-1025
- Vörösmarty C J, Green P, Salisbury J & Lammers R B (2000). Global water resources: vulnerability from climate change and population growth. Science 289(5477): 284-288
- Zema D A, Nicotra A, Tamburino V & Zimbone S M (2015). Performance assessment of collective irrigation in water users’ Associations of Calabria (Southern Italy). Irrigation and drainage 64(3): 314325
- Zema D A, Nicotra A, Mateos L & Zimbone S M (2018). Improvement of the irrigation performance in water users Associations integrating data envelopment analysis and multi-regression models. Agricultural Water Management 205: 38-49
Öz
Kaynakça
- Alcon F, Garcia-Bastida P A, Soto-Garcia M, MartinezAlvarez V, Martin-Gorriz B & Baille A (2017). Explaining the Performance of Irrigation Communities in a Water-scarce Region. Irrigation Science 35(3): 193-203
- Alpar R (2017). Çok Degiskenli Istatistiksel Yontemler. Detay Yayimcilik. Istanbul, ISBN: 978-605-5437-42-B Arslan F & Degirmenci H (2017). Rating of Some Irrigation Projects Operated by DSI in Turkey. International Advanced Researches & Engineering Congress-2017, 16-18 Nov, Osmaniye, Turkey, pp. 2360-2735
- Arslan F & Degirmenci H (2018). RAP-MASSCOTE Approach of Modernizing Operation-maintenance and Management of Irrigation Schemes: a Case Study of Kahramanmaraș Left Bank Irrigation Scheme. Ataturk University Journal of the Agricultural Faculty 49(1): 45-51
- Burt C (2001). Rapid Appraisal Process (RAP) and Benchmarking: Explanation and Tools. Retrieved in August, 18, 2018 from http://www.watercontrol.org/ tools/rap-eng-2002
- Cakmak B, Beyrı̇bey M, Yildirim Y E & Kodal S (2004). Benchmarking Performance of Irrigation Schemes: a Case Study from Turkey. Irrigation and Drainage 53(2): 155-163
- Corcoles J I, de Juan J A, Ortega J F, Tarjuelo J M & Moreno M A (2010). Management Evaluation of Water Users Associations using Benchmarking Techniques. Agricultural Water Management 98: 1-11
- Corcoles J I, de Juan J A, Ortega J F, Tarjuelo J M & Moreno M A (2012). Evaluation of Irrigation Systems by using Benchmarking Techniques. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering 138(3): 225234
- Degirmenci H (2001). Devredilen sulama sebekelerinin karsilastirma gostergeleri ile degerlendirilmesi. Uludağ Universitesi Ziraat Fakultesi Dergisi: 15: 3141
- Degirmenci H, Tanriverdi C, Arslan F & Gonen E (2017). Benchmarking Performance of Large Scale Irrigation Schemes wıth Comparative Indicators in Turkey. Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation and Surveying, Environmental Engineering 6: 87-92
- Denis A, Suryavanshi S & Yadav A (2017). Irrıgation performance assessment of a Canal irrigated area: A case study of Samrakalwana Village in Allahabad. Journal of Indian Water Resources Society 37(4): 1724
- DSI (2017). 2016 Yılı DSI’ce isletilen ve devredilen sulama tesisleri degerlendirme raporu. General Directorate of State Hydraulic Works, Ankara, Turkey
- DSI (2018). Irrigation schemes. 15th district general directorate of state hydraulic works. Retrieved in December, 11
- DSI (2019). Guneydogu Anadolu projesi kalkinma idaresi baskanligi tarihcesi. Retrieved in February, 14, 2019 from http://www.gap.gov.tr/gap-bki-tarihcesisayfa-37.html
- Elicabuk C & Topak R (2017). Evaluation of Irrigation Performance in Gevrekli Irrigation Association. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 3(2): 191-199
- Flörke M, Schneider C & McDonald R I (2018). How agriculture can ease the global urban water shortage. Farmer’s Weekly 2018(18006): 6-7 Gumus I U & Kaya C (2014). GAP Tarımsal eğitim ve yayım projesi çiftçi örgütleri merkezli çoğulcu yayım modeli. Ulusal Aile Çiftçiliği Sempozyumu, 30-31 October, Ankara, pp. 407-411
- Kalender M A & Topak R (2017). Irrigation performance of Ilgin plain irrigation association. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 31(2): 59-67
- Kartal S (2018). Sulama şebeke performanslarının çok değişkenli istatistiksel yöntemlerle değerlendirilmesi: Türkiye örneği. PhD Thesis, Kahramanmaras Sucu Imam University (Unpublished), TR
- Kiziloglu F M, Sahin U, Diler S & Oztaskin S (2018). Evaluation of irrigation system performance in the first and second stage irrigation scheme of Erzurum Daphan Plain irrigation associations (2012-2016). Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology 6(10): 1381-1387
- Lecina S, Isidoro D, Playán E & Aragüés R (2010). Irrigation modernization and water conservation in Spain: The case of Riegos del Alto Aragón. Agricultural Water Management 97(10): 1663-1675
- Malano H & Burton M (2001). Guidelines for benchmarking performance in the irrigation and drainage Sector, IPTRID and FAO, Rome, Italy. 2001
- Malano H, Burton M & Makin I (2004). Benchmarking Performance in the irrigation and drainage sector: a Tool for Change. Irrigation and Drainage: 53:119-133
- Molden D J, Sakthivadivel R, Perry C J & De Fraiture C (1998). Indicators for Comparing Performance of Irrigated Agricultural Systems. International Water Management Institute, Colombo, Research Report 20: 26
- Muema F, Home P & Raude J (2018). Application of benchmarking and principal component analysis in measuring performance of public irrigation schemes in Kenya. Agriculture 8(10): 162
- Ozdamar K (2017). Paket Programlar ile Istatistiksel Veri Analizi. Nisan Yayımcılık, Ankara Playan E & Mateos L (2006). Modernization and optimization of irrigation systems to increase water productivity. Agricultural Water Management 80: 100-105
- Renault D, Facon T & Wahaj R (2007). Modernizing Irrigation Management: The MASSCOTE ApproachMapping System and Services for Canal Operation Techniques, FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 63, pp. 207
- Rodriguez-Diaz J A, Poyato E C & Luque R L (2004). Applying benchmarking and data envelopment analysis (DEA) techniques to irrigation districts in Spain. Irrigation and Drainage 53(2): 135-143
- Rodriguez-Diaz J A, Camacho E, Lopez R & Perez L (2008). Benchmarking and multivariate data analysis techniques for improving the efficiency of irrigation districts: an application in Spain. Agricultural Systems 96: 250-259
- Tanriverdi C, Degirmenci H & Sesveren S (2011). Assessment of irrigation schemes in turkey based on management types. African Journal of Biotechnology 10(11): 1997-2004
- Uysal O K & Atis E (2010). Assessing the performance of participatory irrigation management over time: a case study from Turkey. Agricultural Water Management 97(7): 1017-1025
- Vörösmarty C J, Green P, Salisbury J & Lammers R B (2000). Global water resources: vulnerability from climate change and population growth. Science 289(5477): 284-288
- Zema D A, Nicotra A, Tamburino V & Zimbone S M (2015). Performance assessment of collective irrigation in water users’ Associations of Calabria (Southern Italy). Irrigation and drainage 64(3): 314325
- Zema D A, Nicotra A, Mateos L & Zimbone S M (2018). Improvement of the irrigation performance in water users Associations integrating data envelopment analysis and multi-regression models. Agricultural Water Management 205: 38-49
Toplam 32 adet kaynakça vardır.
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