Abstract
Micro-Raman spectroscopy is used to monitor the cooling-induced compressive deformation of carbon nanotubes embedded in an epoxy matrix. Young’s modulus of single- and multiwall nanotubes may then be derived from a concentric cylinder model for thermal stresses, using the D*-band shift for each tube type. The resulting values of the elastic moduli are in very good agreement with predicted theoretical values, and with the published experimental data set of Treacy et al., Nature (London) 381, 678 (1996).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
S. Iijima, Nature (London) 354, 56 (1991).
D. S. Bethune, C. H. Kiang, M. S. de Vries, G. Gorman, R. Savoy, J. Vazquez, and R. Beyers, Nature (London) 363, 605 (1993).
S. Iijima and T. Ichihashi, Nature (London) 363, 603 (1993).
T.W. Ebbesen, Ann. Rev. Mater. Sci. 24, 235 (1994).
P. M. Ajayan, Cond. Matt. News 4, 9 (1995).
M. S. Dresselhaus, G. Dresselhaus, and P. C. Eklund, Science of Fullerenes and Carbon Nanotubes (Academic Press, New York, 1996).
B. I. Yakobson and R. E. Smalley, Am. Sci. 85, 324 (1997).
G. Overney, W. Zhong, and D. Z. Tomanek, Phys. D27, 93 (1993).
B.I. Yakobson, C. J. Brabec, and J. Bernholc, Phys. Rev. Lett. 76 (14), 2511 (1996).
H.D. Wagner, O. Lourie, Y. Feldman, and R. Tenne, Appl. Phys. Lett. 72 (2), 188 (1998).
O. Lourie, D. M. Cox, and H.D. Wagner, unpublished.
C. Galiotis and D. N. Batchelder, J. Mater. Sci. Lett. 7, 545 (1988).
N. Melanitis, P. L. Tetlow, C. Galiotis, and S. B. Smith, J. Mater. Sci. 29, 786 (1994).
Y. Huang and R.J. Young, J. Mater. Sci. 29, 4027 (1994).
H.D. Wagner, M. S. Amer, and L.S. Schadler, J. Mater. Sci. 31, 1165 (1996).
A.M. Rao, E. Richter, S. Bandow, B. Chase, P. C. Eklund, K. A. Williams, S. Fang, K.R. Subbaswamy, M. Menon, A. Thess, R.E. Smalley, G. Dresselhaus, and M. S. Dresselhaus, Science 275, 187 (1997).
J. M. Holden, P. Zhou, X-X. Bi, P. C. Eklund, S. Bandow, R. A. Jishi, K.D. Chowdhury, M. S. Dresselhaus, and G. Dresselhaus, Chem. Phys. Lett. 220, 186 (1994).
C.H. Xu, C.Z. Wang, C.T. Chan, and K.M. Ho, J. Phys. Cond. Matter 4, 6047 (1992).
F. Tuinstra and J.L. Koenig, J. Chem. Phys. 53, 1126 (1970).
P.V. Huong, R. Cavagnat, P. M. Ajayan, and O. Stephan, Phys. Rev. B 51, 10 048 (1995).
R. F. Schaufele and T. Shimanouchi, J. Chem. Phys. 47, 3605 (1967).
R.J. Nemanich and S. A. Solin, Phys. Rev. B 20, 392 (1979).
H.D. Wagner, Phys. Rev. B 53, 5055 (1996).
S. Timoshenko, Theory of Elasticity (McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York, London, 1934).
M.M.J. Treacy, T. W. Ebbesen, and J. M. Gibson, Nature (London) 381, 678 (1996).
H.D. Wagner, J. Aronhime, and G. Marom, Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 428, 493 (1990).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lourie, O., Wagner, H.D. Evaluation of Young’s Modulus of Carbon Nanotubes by Micro-Raman Spectroscopy. Journal of Materials Research 13, 2418–2422 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.1998.0336
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.1998.0336