Abstract
The grape juice production generates an industrial wastewater that has a high concentration of organic matter and several polyphenols, such as ethanol. Therefore, the discharge of this wastewater can produce environmental problems. The aim of this work was to determine the optimal concentration of the reagents involved in a solar photo-Fenton process in the treatment of wastewater coming from juice. The process was analysed in a factorial design, as a function of H2O2 (900, 1000, 1100 mg/L) and Fe2+ (90, 100, 110 mg/L) concentration. The grape juice wastewater presents high organic content (20,500 mg/L COD and 5.4 mg/L polyphenols). Also, the presence of alcohols such ethanol, ethyl acetate and 2-metil-1-propanol was confirmed. The results showed that highest COD (>27%) and polyphenols removal (>36%) were obtained in experiments with 1100 mg H2O2/L and 100 mg Fe2+/L. In treatments with higher COD removal, 2-metil-1-propanol was detected as an intermediate of ethanol oxidation. These results proved that solar photo-Fenton is a suitable approach for treating the refractory organic matter from grape juice.
Acknowledgements
The authors acknowledge to the Cooperativa Capel Company and to the Central Laboratory for Marine Aquaculture of the Marine Sciences Department at the Universidad Católica del Norte for equipment support.
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Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
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Research funding: None declared.
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Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
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