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Cytoreductive Surgery Combined With Intraoperative Hyperthermic Intrathoracic Chemotherapy for Stage I Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma

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Abstract

Background:Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a disease mostly confined to the thoracic cavity. Untreated, the median survival is <1 year. Cytoreductive surgery combined with intraoperative hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy is used to kill residual tumor cells on the surface of the thoracic cavity while having limited systemic side effects.

Methods:From August 1998 to August 2001, 22 patients with stage I MPM were included in this study. Two patients were irresectable at operation because of extrathoracic tumor growth. Twenty procedures were performed. After cytoreduction, a perfusion was performed with cisplatin and doxorubicin at 40°C to 41°C for 90 minutes. Adjuvant radiotherapy was given to surgical scars and drainage tracts.

Results:There was no perioperative mortality, but significant morbidity was seen in 13 patients (65%), including bronchopleural fistula, diaphragm rupture, wound dehiscence, persistent air leakage, and chylous effusion. No hair loss or leucopenia was noticed. The median follow-up was 14 months. The median survival (Kaplan-Meier) was 11 months, with a 1-year survival of 42%. A favorable pharmacokinetic ratio was observed for both cisplatin and doxorubicin.

Conclusions:Cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy for stage I MPM is feasible. However, this treatment is accompanied by considerable morbidity. Survival data were less encouraging.

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Correspondence to S. van Ruth MD.

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van Ruth, S., Baas, P., Haas, R.L.M. et al. Cytoreductive Surgery Combined With Intraoperative Hyperthermic Intrathoracic Chemotherapy for Stage I Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. Ann Surg Oncol 10, 176–182 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1245/ASO.2003.03.022

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1245/ASO.2003.03.022

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