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The role of innate immunity in induction of tolerance

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Biochemistry (Moscow) Supplement Series B: Biomedical Chemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The review considers the role of innate immunity in mechanisms of transplant tolerance and rejection. Special attention is paid to analysis of the role of innate immunity cells (dendritic cells, NK, mast and other cells) in these processes, and also approaches to creation of tolerogenic dendritic cells for therapy of transplant rejection as well as tolerance development.

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Abbreviations

APC:

antigen presenting cell

αBC:

αB-Crystallin

BiP:

binding immunoglobulin protein

CpG:

DNA sites enriched with C and G

DAMP:

danger-associated molecular patterns

DC:

dendritic cells

iDC:

immature DC

HMGB1:

high-mobility group box 1 (a protein of high electrophoretic activity also known as amphoterin. Binding of a nuclear non-histone protein to the TLR4 receptor of innate immunity results in secretion of cytokines by activated macrophages and monocytes followed by subsequent inflammatory reaction)

HLA:

human leukocyte antigens

HSP (HSP 10, HSP 27):

heat shock proteins

IFN:

interferon

KC/CXCL 1:

chemokine recruiting neutrophils and basophils

IL:

interleukins

LPS:

lipopolysaccharide

MCP6:

mast cell protease-6

MDP:

muramyl dipeptide

MHC:

major histocompatibility complex

MIP-2/CXCL 2:

macrophage inflammatory protein

MyD88:

myeloid differentiation factor 88

NK:

natural killers

NLRs:

NOD-like receptors (NOD-nucleotide-oligomerizing domain) intracellular sensors of cell stress

PAMP:

pathogen-associated molecular patterns

P1, P2X, P2Y:

purinergic receptors

PMN:

polymorphonuclear neutrophil

PRR:

patterns recognizing receptors

RAG:

recombinase activating gene

RAGE:

receptor of advanced glycation end product

RAMP:

resolution-associated molecular patterns

RLHs:

RIG-like helicases (RIG-retinoic acid inducible gene)

TGF:

transforming growth factor

TLR:

toll-like receptors

TNF:

tumor necrosis factors

Tregs:

regulatory T-cells

Th1 and Th2:

T-helpers of type 1 and type 2 polarization (balance of T-helper differentiation determines the immune response)

sTNF-R:

soluble TNF-receptor

TRIF:

TIR(Toll-IL-IR)-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β

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    M. S. Dolgikh

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Dolgikh, M.S. The role of innate immunity in induction of tolerance. Biochem. Moscow Suppl. Ser. B 9, 10–29 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1990750815010035

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