Abstract
The formation mechanism of ceria nanoparticles in solutions of cerium(III) nitrate and hexamethylenetetramine has been studied for the first time, using UV/visible spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction. The process has been shown to involve, as an intermediate step, the formation of cerium(III) hydroxycarbonate. The effects of synthesis temperature and solution composition on the micromorphology of the powders have been investigated.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Kilbourn, B.N., Cerium: A Guide to Its Role in Chemical Technology, New York: Molycorp, 1995, p. 42.
Tetsuya, H., Kurata, Y., Terasaki, Y., and Susa, K., Mechanism of Polishing of SiO2 Films by CeO2 Particles, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 2001, vol. 283, pp. 129–136.
Feng, X., Sayle, D.C., and Wang, Z.L., Converting Ceria Polyhedral Nanoparticles into Single-Crystal Nanospheres, Science, 2006, vol. 312, no. 5779, pp. 1504–1508.
Kazaryan, M.A. and Shamanin, I.V., Unconventional Electrophysical Approaches to Thorium-Containing Nuclear-Waste Processing, Int. Sci. J. Altern. Energy Ecol., 2005, no. 9, p. 29.
Sainz, M.A., Duran, A., and Fernandez Navarro, J.M., UV Highly Absorbent Coatings with CeO2 and TiO2, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 1990, vol. 121, pp. 315–318.
Izu, N. and Shin, W., Evaluation of Response Characteristics of Resistive Oxygen Sensors Based on Porous Cerium Oxide, Sens. Actuators, B, 2006, vol. 113, pp. 207–213.
Trovarelli, A., de Leitenburg, C., Boaro, M., and Dolcetti, G., The Utilization of Ceria in Industrial Catalysis, Catal. Today, 1999, vol. 50, pp. 353–367.
Kaspar, J., Fornasiero, P., and Graziani, M., Use of CeO2-Based in the Three-Way Catalysis, Catal. Today, 1999, vol. 50, pp. 285–298.
Dikmen, S., Hydrothermal Synthesis and Properties of Ceria-Based Solid Solutions As Solid Electrolytes for Potential Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Applications, PhD Thesis, State Univ. of New Jersey, 2005.
Lee, J.S. and Choi, S.C., Crystallization Behavior of Nano-Ceria Powders by Hydrothermal Synthesis Using a Mixture of H2O2 and NH4OH, Mater. Lett., 2004, vol. 58, pp. 390–393.
Hirano, M. and Kato, E., Hydrothermal Synthesis of Nanocrystalline Cerium(IV) Oxide Powders, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 1999, vol. 82, pp. 786–788.
Chen, P.L. and Chen, I.W., Reactive Cerium(IV) Oxide Powders by the Homogeneous Precipitation Method, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 1993, vol. 76, pp. 1577–1583.
Yin, L., Yanqin, W., Pang, G., et al., Sonochemical Synthesis of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles—Effect of Additives and Quantum Size Effect, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 2002, vol. 246, pp. 78–84.
Zhang, F., Jin, Q., and Chan, S.-W., Ceria Nanoparticles: Size, Size Distribution, and Shape, J. Appl. Phys., 2004, vol. 95, pp. 4319–4326.
Blazevic, N. and Kolbach, D., Hexamethylenetetramine—Versatile Reagent in Organic Synthesis, Synthesis, 1979, pp. 161–176.
Dreyfors, J.M., Jones, S.B., and Sayed, Y., Hexamethylenetetramine, J. Rev. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc., 1989, vol. 50, no. 11, pp. 579–585.
Baranchikov, A.E., Ivanov, V.K., and Tret’yakov, Yu.D., Sonochemical Synthesis of Inorganic Materials, Usp. Khim., 2007, vol. 76, no. 2, pp. 147–168.
Willard, M.A., Kurihara, L.K., Carpenter, E.E., and Calvin, S., Chemically Prepared Magnetic Nanoparticles, Int. Mater. Rev., 2004, vol. 49, nos. 3–4, pp. 145–147.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © O.S. Polezhaeva, N.V. Yaroshinskaya, V.K. Ivanov, 2008, published in Neorganicheskie Materialy, 2008, Vol. 44, No. 1, pp. 57–63.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Polezhaeva, O.S., Yaroshinskaya, N.V. & Ivanov, V.K. Formation mechanism of nanocrystalline ceria in aqueous solutions of cerium(III) nitrate and hexamethylenetetramine. Inorg Mater 44, 51–57 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0020168508010081
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0020168508010081