Advertisement
No access
Report

A Protein Induced During Nerve Growth (GAP-43) is a Major Component of Growth-Cone Membranes

Science
15 Aug 1986
Vol 233, Issue 4765
pp. 783-786

Abstract

Growth cones are specialized structures that form the distal tips of growing axons. During both normal development of the nervous system and regeneration of injured nerves, growth cones are essential for elongation and guidance of growing axons. Developmental and regenerative axon growth is frequently accompanied by elevated synthesis of a protein designated GAP-43. GAP-43 has now been found to be a major component of growth-cone membranes in developing rat brains. Relative to total protein, GAP-43 is approximately 12 times as abundant in growth-cone membranes as in synaptic membranes from adult brains. Immunohistochemical localization of GAP-43 in frozen sections of developing brain indicates that the protein is specifically associated with neuropil areas containing growth cones and immature synaptic terminals. The results support the proposal that GAP-43 plays a role in axon growth.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

References

ALOYO, V.J., PHOSPHORYLATION OF B-50 PROTEIN BY CALCIUM-ACTIVATED, PHOSPHOLIPID-DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE AND B-50 PROTEIN-KINASE, JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY 41: 649 (1983).
BENOWITZ, L.I., J NEUROSCI 1: 301 (1981).
BENOWITZ, L.I., INCREASED TRANSPORT OF 44,000-DALTON TO 49,000-DALTON ACIDIC PROTEINS DURING REGENERATION OF THE GOLDFISH OPTIC-NERVE - A TWO-DIMENSIONAL GEL ANALYSIS, JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE 3: 2153 (1983).
BOCK, S, SOCIETY FOR NEUROSCIENCE. ABSTRACTS 10: 1030 (1984).
BRAY, D, LOCOMOTION TISSUE CE 14: 195 (1973).
CAJAL, SRY, DEGENERATION REGENER: 693 (1928).
CARLIN, R.K., ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POSTSYNAPTIC DENSITIES FROM VARIOUS BRAIN-REGIONS - ENRICHMENT OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF POSTSYNAPTIC DENSITIES, JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY 86: 831 (1980).
CLEMENTE, C.D., REGENERATION IN THE VERTEBRATE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 6: 257 (1964).
COTMAN, C, LIPID COMPOSITION OF SYNAPTIC PLASMA MEMBRANES ISOLATED FROM RAT BRAIN BY ZONAL CENTRIFUGATION, BIOCHEMISTRY 8: 4606 (1969).
COWAN, W.M., CURRENT TOPICS IN DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 15: 103 (1980).
DEGRAAN, PNE, PHOSPHOPROTEIN B-50 IN NERVE GROWTH CONES FROM FETAL-RAT BRAIN, NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS 61: 235 (1985).
FAIRBANKS, G, ELECTROPHORETIC ANALYSIS OF MAJOR POLYPEPTIDES OF HUMAN ERYTHROCYTE MEMBRANE, BIOCHEMISTRY 10: 2606 (1971).
FARRAR, W.L., ALTERED CYTOSOL MEMBRANE ENZYME REDISTRIBUTION ON INTERLEUKIN-3 ACTIVATION OF PROTEIN KINASE-C, NATURE 315: 235 (1985).
FREEMAN, J.A., EXP BRAIN RES S 13: 34 (1986).
GORDONWEEKS, P.R., ISOLATION AND PARTIAL CHARACTERIZATION OF NEURONAL GROWTH CONES FROM NEONATAL RAT FOREBRAIN, NEUROSCIENCE 13: 119 (1984).
HEACOCK, A.M., PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS AND TRANSPORT IN THE REGENERATING GOLDFISH VISUAL-SYSTEM, NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH 7: 771 (1982).
JACOBSON, R.D., A PROTEIN ASSOCIATED WITH AXON GROWTH, GAP-43, IS WIDELY DISTRIBUTED AND DEVELOPMENTALLY REGULATED IN RAT CNS, JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE 6: 1843 (1986).
Kalil, K., Journal of Neuroscience 6: 2563 (1986).
KATZ, F, NERVE GROWTH CONES ISOLATED FROM FETAL-RAT BRAIN .3. CALCIUM-DEPENDENT PROTEIN-PHOSPHORYLATION, JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE 5: 1402 (1985).
LAEMMLI, U.K., CLEAVAGE OF STRUCTURAL PROTEINS DURING ASSEMBLY OF HEAD OF BACTERIOPHAGE-T4, NATURE 227: 680 (1970).
LANDIS, S.C., NEURONAL GROWTH CONES, ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYSIOLOGY 45: 567 (1983).
LETOURNEAU, P.C., CELL-TO-SUBSTRATUM ADHESION AND GUIDANCE OF AXONAL ELONGATION, DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 44: 92 (1975).
LOWRY, O.H., PROTEIN MEASUREMENT WITH THE FOLIN PHENOL REAGENT, JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY 193: 265 (1951).
MEIRI, K.F., GROWTH-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN, GAP-43, A POLYPEPTIDE THAT IS INDUCED WHEN NEURONS EXTEND AXONS, IS A COMPONENT OF GROWTH CONES AND CORRESPONDS TO PP46, A MAJOR POLYPEPTIDE OF A SUBCELLULAR FRACTION ENRICHED IN GROWTH CONES, PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 83: 3537 (1986).
MORRISSEY, J.H., SILVER STAIN FOR PROTEINS IN POLYACRYLAMIDE GELS - A MODIFIED PROCEDURE WITH ENHANCED UNIFORM SENSITIVITY, ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY 117: 307 (1981).
NISHIZUKA, Y, TURNOVER OF INOSITOL PHOSPHOLIPIDS AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION, SCIENCE 225: 1365 (1984).
OESTREICHER, A.B., AFFINITY-PURIFIED ANTI-B-50 PROTEIN ANTIBODY - INTERFERENCE WITH THE FUNCTION OF THE PHOSPHOPROTEIN-B-50 IN SYNAPTIC PLASMA-MEMBRANES, JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY 41: 331 (1983).
OFARRELL, P.H., HIGH-RESOLUTION 2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTROPHORESIS OF PROTEINS, JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY 250: 4007 (1975).
PFENNINGER, K.H., NERVE GROWTH CONES ISOLATED FROM FETAL RAT-BRAIN - SUBCELLULAR FRACTIONATION AND CHARACTERIZATION, CELL 35: 573 (1983).
SKENE, JHP, CHANGES IN AXONALLY TRANSPORTED PROTEINS DURING AXON REGENERATION IN TOAD RETINAL GANGLION-CELLS, JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY 89: 86 (1981).
SKENE, JHP, AXONALLY TRANSPORTED PROTEINS ASSOCIATED WITH AXON GROWTH IN RABBIT CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEMS, JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY 89: 96 (1981).
SKENE, JHP, CHARACTERISTICS OF GROWTH-ASSOCIATED POLYPEPTIDES IN REGENERATING TOAD RETINAL GANGLION-CELL AXONS, JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE 1: 419 (1981).
STERNBERGER, L.A., IMMUNOCYTOCHEMISTRY (1979).

(0)eLetters

eLetters is a forum for ongoing peer review. eLetters are not edited, proofread, or indexed, but they are screened. eLetters should provide substantive and scholarly commentary on the article. Embedded figures cannot be submitted, and we discourage the use of figures within eLetters in general. If a figure is essential, please include a link to the figure within the text of the eLetter. Please read our Terms of Service before submitting an eLetter.

Log In to Submit a Response

No eLetters have been published for this article yet.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Science
Volume 233 | Issue 4765
15 August 1986

Submission history

Published in print: 15 August 1986

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

J. H. Pate Skene
Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305.
Richard D. Jacobson
Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305.
G. Jackson Snipes
Department of Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN 37232.
C. Brian McGuire
Department of Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN 37232.
Jeanette J. Norden
Department of Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN 37232.
John A. Freeman
Department of Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN 37232.

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Article Usage

Altmetrics

Citations

Cite as

Export citation

Select the format you want to export the citation of this publication.

Cited by

  1. Impaired prenatal motor axon development necessitates early therapeutic intervention in severe SMA, Science Translational Medicine, 13, 578, (2021)./doi/10.1126/scitranslmed.abb6871
    Abstract
  2. The Neuronal Growth-Associated Protein GAP-43 Induces Filopodia in Non-Neuronal Cells, Science, 244, 4909, (1193-1195), (1989)./doi/10.1126/science.2658062
    Abstract
  3. Cloning of Complementary DNA for GAP-43, a Neuronal Growth-Related Protein, Science, 236, 4801, (597-600), (1987)./doi/10.1126/science.2437653
    Abstract
Loading...

View Options

Check Access

Log in to view the full text

AAAS ID LOGIN

AAAS login provides access to Science for AAAS Members, and access to other journals in the Science family to users who have purchased individual subscriptions.

Log in via OpenAthens.
Log in via Shibboleth.

More options

Purchase digital access to this article

Download and print this article for your personal scholarly, research, and educational use.

Purchase this issue in print

Buy a single issue of Science for just $15 USD.

View options

PDF format

Download this article as a PDF file

Download PDF

Media

Figures

Multimedia

Tables

Share

Share

Share article link

Share on social media