Measurements of Gain Larger than <span class="aps-inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> at <span class="aps-inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>12</mn><mi></mi><mi mathvariant="italic">μ</mi><mi>m</mi></math></span> in a Self-Amplified Spontaneous-Emission Free-Electron Laser

M. J. Hogan; C. Pellegrini; J. Rosenzweig; S. Anderson; P. Frigola; A. Tremaine; C. Fortgang; D. C. Nguyen; R. L. Sheffield; J. Kinross-Wright; A. Varfolomeev; A. A. Varfolomeev; S. Tolmachev; Roger Carr

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.4867

Measurements of Gain Larger than $10^{5}$ at $12 μ m$ in a Self-Amplified Spontaneous-Emission Free-Electron Laser

M. J. Hogan, C. Pellegrini, J. Rosenzweig, S. Anderson, P. Frigola, A. Tremaine, C. Fortgang, D. C. Nguyen, R. L. Sheffield, J. Kinross-Wright, A. Varfolomeev, A. A. Varfolomeev, S. Tolmachev, and Roger Carr

Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 4867 – Published 30 November 1998

Abstract

We report measurements of very large output intensities corresponding to a gain larger than $10^{5}$ for a single pass free-electron laser operating in the self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) mode at $12 μ m$ . We also report the observation and analysis of intensity fluctuations of the SASE radiation intensity in the high-gain regime. The results are compared with theoretical predictions and simulations.