A review of long fibre thermoplastic (LFT) composites [A review of long fibre-reinforced thermoplastic of long fibre thermoplastic (LFT) composites]

Ning, Haibin; Lu, Na; Hassen, Ahmed Arabi; Chawla, Krishan; Selim, Mohamed; Pillay, Selvum

doi:10.1080/09506608.2019.1585004

Title: A review of long fibre thermoplastic (LFT) composites [A review of long fibre-reinforced thermoplastic of long fibre thermoplastic (LFT) composites]

Journal Article · Mon Mar 11 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · International Materials Reviews

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/09506608.2019.1585004· OSTI ID:1502606

^[1]; Lu, Na ^[2];

^[3]; Chawla, Krishan ^[1]; Selim, Mohamed ^[1]; Pillay, Selvum ^[1]

Univ. of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL (United States)
Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Knoxville, TN (United States)

Long fibre-reinforced thermoplastic or long fibre thermoplastic (LFT) composites possess superior specific modulus and strength, excellent impact resistance, and other advantages such as ease of processability, recyclability, and excellent corrosion resistance. These advantages make LFT composites one of the most advanced lightweight engineering materials and enable their increasing use in various applications. This review paper summarizes the research and development work that has been conducted on LFT composites since their initial development. Different aspects of LFTs, such as process development, fibre orientation distribution (FOD), fibre length distribution (FLD), and their effects on the mechanical properties of LFT composites are described. The characterization of the FOD and FLD in the LFT composites using advanced imaging technology such as high-resolution 3D micro-CT scanning technique is summarized. Research and development of LFT hybridisation and LFT additives are also discussed. Lastly, conclusions are made and the future outlook of LFT composites is given.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1502606

Journal Information:: International Materials Reviews, Vol. 64, Issue 1; ISSN 0950-6608

Publisher:: Taylor & FrancisCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 35 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (223)

LFT – development status and perspectives Schemme, Michael Reinforced Plastics, Vol. 52, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0034-3617(08)70036-5	journal	January 2008
Mechanical properties, impact fracture behavior, and morphology of long-polyimide-fiber-reinforced poly(butylene terephthalate) composites Yu, Zhengyang; Wang, Xiaodong; Wu, Dezhen Journal of Composite Materials, Vol. 51, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998316687031	journal	January 2017
Manufacturing Aspects of Advanced Polymer Composites for Automotive Applications Friedrich, Klaus; Almajid, Abdulhakim A. Applied Composite Materials, Vol. 20, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10443-012-9258-7	journal	February 2012
Influence of injection molding on the flexural strength and surface quality of long glass fiber-reinforced polyamide 6.6 composites Teixeira, D.; Giovanela, M.; Gonella, L. B. Materials & Design, Vol. 85 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2015.07.097	journal	November 2015
Injection moulding of long glass fibre reinforced polyamide 6-6: guidelines to improve flexural properties Lafranche, E.; Krawczak, P.; Ciolczyk, J. P. Express Polymer Letters, Vol. 1, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.3144/expresspolymlett.2007.64	journal	January 2007
Interface and mechanical properties of poly(methyl methacrylate)-fiber composites Xie, Tingxiu; Yang, Guisheng Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 93, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/app.20819	journal	January 2004
Glass fiber breakup in corotating twin screw extruder: Simulation and experiment Bumm, Sug Hun; White, James L.; Isayev, Avraam I. Polymer Composites, Vol. 33, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.22356	journal	November 2012
Repair of calvarial defects in rats by prefabricated, degradable, long fibre composite implants Scotchford, C. A.; Shataheri, M.; Chen, P. -S. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, Vol. 96A, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.32977	journal	November 2010
A Study of Fibre Attrition in the Processing of Long Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastics Bailey, R.; Kraft, H. International Polymer Processing, Vol. 2, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3139/217.870094	journal	November 1987
Low temperature impact properties of long fiber thermoplastic composite molding materials Voelker, Marvin J. Polymer Composites, Vol. 12, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.750120208	journal	April 1991
Effect of glass fiber length on the creep and impact resistance of reinforced thermoplastics Silverman, Edward M. Polymer Composites, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.750080103	journal	February 1987
Mechanical properties of injection molded long fiber polypropylene composites, Part 1: Tensile and flexural properties Kumar, K. Senthil; Ghosh, Anup K.; Bhatnagar, Naresh Polymer Composites, Vol. 28, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.20298	journal	January 2007
An Elastic-plastic Damage Model for Long-fiber Thermoplastics Nghiep Nguyen, Ba; Kunc, Vlastimil International Journal of Damage Mechanics, Vol. 19, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1177/1056789509338319	journal	July 2009
Influence of flow restriction on the microstructure and mechanical properties of long glass fiber-reinforced polyamide 6.6 composites for automotive applications Teixeira, D.; Giovanela, M.; Gonella, L. B. Materials & Design, Vol. 47 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2012.12.030	journal	May 2013
An improved method of production for high strength fibre-reinforced thermoplastics Bader, M. G.; Bowyer, W. H. Composites, Vol. 4, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-4361(73)90105-5	journal	July 1973
Mechanical properties of long glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites and their influence factors Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 30, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684410391513	journal	December 2010
Mechanical Properties of Injection-molded Natural Fiber-reinforced Polypropylene Composites: Formulation and Compounding Processes Sun, Zhan-Ying; Han, Hai-Shan; Dai, Gan-Ce Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 29, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684408100264	journal	February 2009
Long discontinuous carbon fibre/polypropylene composites for high volume structural applications Harper, Lt; Burn, Dt; Johnson, Ms Journal of Composite Materials, Vol. 52, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998317722204	journal	July 2017
Influence of Processing Parameters on the Fiber Length and Impact Properties of Injection Molded Long Glass Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Rohde, M.; Ebel, A.; Wolff-Fabris, F. International Polymer Processing, Vol. 26, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.3139/217.2442	journal	July 2011
Injection molding of long fiber-reinforced thermoplastics: A comparison of extruded and pultruded materials with direct addition of roving strands Truckenmüller, F.; Fritz, H. -G. Polymer Engineering and Science, Vol. 31, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.760311806	journal	September 1991
Effects of compatilizers on mechanical, morphology and dynamic mechanical properties of LGF/TPU/SAN composites Zhang, Daohai; He, Min; Luo, Heng Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology, Vol. 24 https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.21575	journal	August 2016
Fiber Orientation Morphological Layers in Injection Molded Long Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics Skourlis, T. P.; Chassapis, C.; Manoochehri, S. Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, Vol. 10, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1177/089270579701000503	journal	September 1997
Flexural creep of long fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites: Effect of processing-dependent fiber variables on creep response Chevali, Venkata S.; Janowski, Gregg M. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Vol. 41, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2010.05.008	journal	September 2010
Prediction of tensile strength of discontinuous carbon fiber/polypropylene composite with fiber orientation distribution Hashimoto, M.; Okabe, T.; Sasayama, T. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Vol. 43, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2012.05.006	journal	October 2012
Impact toughness, viscoelastic behavior, and morphology of polypropylene-jute-viscose hybrid composites Ranganathan, Nalini; Oksman, Kristiina; Nayak, Sanjay K. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 133, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1002/app.42981	journal	October 2015
Method to measure orientation of discontinuous fiber embedded in the polymer matrix from computerized tomography scan data Gandhi, Umesh; Sebastian, De Boodt; Kunc, Vlastimil Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1177/0892705715584411	journal	May 2015
Structure-modulus relationships for injection-molded long fiber-reinforced polyphthalamides Skourlis, T. P.; Pochiraju, K.; Chassapis, C. Composites Part B: Engineering, Vol. 29, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-8368(97)00011-5	journal	January 1998
Direct Processing of Continuous Fibers onto Injection Molding Machines Truckenmuller, F. M. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 12, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1177/073168449301200601	journal	June 1993
Mechanics of random discontinuous long-fiber thermoplastics. Part II: Direct simulation of uniaxial compression Abd El-Rahman, A. I.; Tucker, C. L. Journal of Rheology, Vol. 57, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1122/1.4818804	journal	September 2013
Entrance flow of long glass fiber reinforced polypropylene through contraction die Jin, Gang; Lin, Xiaokai; Tian, Guoqiang Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 35, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684415607645	journal	October 2015
Effects of thermal-oxidative aging on the flammability and thermal-oxidative degradation kinetics of tris(tribromophenyl) cyanurate flame retardant PA6/LGF composites Zuo, Xiaoling; Shao, Huiju; Zhang, Daohai Polymer Degradation and Stability, Vol. 98, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.10.014	journal	December 2013
Mechanical Properties of Long Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polyolefin Composites Tan, Hong-Sheng; Yu, Yuan-Zhang; Li, Li-Ping Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, Vol. 54, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2014.986810	journal	January 2015
Fracture behavior of injection-molded short and long glass fiber—polyamide 6.6 composites Karger-Kocsis, J.; Friedrich, K. Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 32, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0266-3538(88)90067-X	journal	January 1988
In-line Compounding of Long-fiber Thermoplastics for Injection Molding Hawley, Ronald C.; Jones, Roger F. Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, Vol. 18, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1177/0892705705054413	journal	September 2005
Design and fabrication of long-carbon-fiber-reinforced polyamide-6/nickel powder composites for electromagnetic interference shielding and high mechanical performance Zhang, Shuangshuang; Wang, Xiaodong; Wu, Dezhen Polymer Composites, Vol. 37, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.23465	journal	March 2015
The process and microstructure modeling of long-fiber thermoplastic composites Vaidya, U. K.; Chawla, K. K.; Balaji Thattaiparthasarthy, K. JOM, Vol. 60, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-008-0048-5	journal	April 2008
Effect of mold temperature on interfacial welded strength and outer shell laminate strength of CF/PA6 composites manufactured by press and injection hybrid molding Tanaka, K.; Kondo, Y.; Katayama, T. HPSM/OPTI 2016, WIT Transactions on The Built Environment https://doi.org/10.2495/HPSM160291	conference	September 2016
Modeling of uncertainties in long fiber reinforced thermoplastics Hohe, Jörg; Beckmann, Carla; Paul, Hanna Materials & Design, Vol. 66 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.05.067	journal	February 2015
Effect of the glass fiber length on the mechanical properties of long glass fiber reinforced polyphenylene sulfide Yasuda, Hiroshi; Chiba, Yusuke; Ishikawa, Masaru Journal of Polymer Engineering, Vol. 31, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1515/polyeng.2011.088	journal	September 2011
Regenerated cellulose fibers as impact modifier in long jute fiber reinforced polypropylene composites: Effect on mechanical properties, morphology, and fiber breakage Ranganathan, Nalini; Oksman, Kristiina; Nayak, Sanjay K. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 132, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/app.41301	journal	August 2014
Distribution function of fiber length in thermoplastic composites Masubuchi, Yuichi; Terada, Mariko; Yamanaka, Atsuhiko Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 134 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2016.08.007	journal	October 2016
Relationship between fiber degradation and residence time distribution in the processing of long fiber reinforced thermoplastics Zhuang, H.; Pu, R.; Zong, Y. Express Polymer Letters, Vol. 2, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.3144/expresspolymlett.2008.68	journal	January 2008
A microstructural approach for modelling flexural properties of long glass fibre reinforced polyamide6.6 Lafranche, E.; Coulon, A.; Krawczak, P. Journal of Composite Materials, Vol. 51, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998316637664	journal	July 2016
Delamination prediction in orthogonal machining of carbon long fiber-reinforced polymer composites Santiuste, C.; Olmedo, A.; Soldani, X. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 31, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684412444654	journal	July 2012
Fiber dispersion and breakage in deep screw channel during processing of long fiber-reinforced polypropylene Ren, Pu; Dai, Gance Fibers and Polymers, Vol. 15, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-014-1507-y	journal	July 2014
Mechanical properties of unidirectional continuous fiber tapes reinforced long fiber thermoplastics and their manufacturing Fang, Xun; Shen, Chunyin; Dai, Gance Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 35, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684415618537	journal	November 2015
Prediction of the Elastic—Plastic Stress/Strain Response for Injection-Molded Long-Fiber Thermoplastics Nghiep Nguyen, Ba; Bapanapalli, Satish K.; Kunc, Vlastimil Journal of Composite Materials, Vol. 43, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998308099219	journal	December 2008
Electrical and mechanical properties of carbon/glass hybridized long fiber reinforced polypropylene composites Lee, Dong Woo; Ma, Sungwon; Lee, Kee Yoon Macromolecular Research, Vol. 21, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13233-013-1085-7	journal	February 2013
Brominated flame retardant composed of decabromodiphenyl oxide and antimonous oxide flame retardant for long glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene Luo, Xing; He, Min; Guo, Jianbing Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1177/0892705713513281	journal	November 2013
Parameters regulating interfacial and mechanical properties of short glass fiber reinforced polypropylene Roux, Claudine; Denault, Johanne; Champagne, Michel F. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 78, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4628(20001213)78:12<2047::AID-APP10>3.0.CO;2-Z	journal	January 2000
Two-scale structural mechanical modeling of long fiber reinforced thermoplastics Buck, Fabian; Brylka, Barthel; Müller, Viktor Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 117 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2015.05.020	journal	September 2015
Experimental study on strain-rate-dependent behavior and failure modes of long glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene composite Duan, Shuyong; Yang, Xujing; Tao, Yourui Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 34, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684415591198	journal	May 2015
Hemp fiber reinforced polypropylene composites: The effects of material treatments Sullins, Theresa; Pillay, Selvum; Komus, Alastair Composites Part B: Engineering, Vol. 114 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.02.001	journal	April 2017
Enhanced thermomechanical properties of long and short glass fiber-reinforced polyamide 6,6/polypropylene mixtures by tuning the processing procedures Kim, Namil; Kim, Dae-Yoon; Kim, Young-Jin Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 49, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-014-8358-1	journal	June 2014
Ultrasonic Riveting and Hot-Air-Sticking of Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastics Hahn, O.; Finkeldey, C. Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, Vol. 16, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1177/089270503032852	journal	November 2003
Long fibre reinforced thermoplastics continue growth in automotive Markarian, Jennifer Plastics, Additives and Compounding, Vol. 9, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1464-391X(07)70025-9	journal	March 2007
Notched strength of long- and short-fibre reinforced polyamide Toll, Staffan; Aronsson, Carl-Gustaf Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 45, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0266-3538(92)90121-I	journal	January 1992
Long fiber reinforcement of polypropylene/polystyrene blends Inberg, J. P. F.; Hunse, P. H.; Gaymans, R. J. Polymer Engineering & Science, Vol. 39, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.11420	journal	February 1999
Characterization of fatigue behavior of long fiber reinforced thermoplastic (LFT) composites Goel, A.; Chawla, K. K.; Vaidya, U. K. Materials Characterization, Vol. 60, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2008.12.020	journal	June 2009
Largely improved toughness of polypropylene/long glass fiber composites by β-modification and annealing Geng, Chengzhen; Su, Juanjuan; Zhou, Caiyi Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 96 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2014.03.010	journal	May 2014
Validation of the modified rule of mixtures using a combination of fibre orientation and fibre length measurements Hine, Peter; Parveen, Bushra; Brands, Dave Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Vol. 64 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2014.04.017	journal	September 2014
The influence of fibre length, diameter and concentration on the modulus of glass fibre reinforced polyamide 6,6 Thomason, J. L. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Vol. 39, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2008.08.001	journal	November 2008
Abrasive behavior of discontinuous fiber reinforced polypropylene material Subramanian, C.; Senthilvelan, S. Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, Vol. 62, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1108/00368791011051044	journal	June 2010
Microstructure and fracture behaviour of short and long fibre-reinforced polypropylene composites Spahr, D. E.; Friedrich, K.; Schultz, J. M. Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 25, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00581104	journal	October 1990
Prediction of fiber orientation distribution in injection molded parts using Moldex3D simulation Foss, Peter H.; Tseng, Huan-Chang; Snawerdt, John Polymer Composites, Vol. 35, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.22710	journal	October 2013
Injection moulding of long glass fiber reinforced polyamide 66: Processing conditions/microstructure/flexural properties relationship Lafranche, Eric; Krawczak, Patricia; Ciolczyk, Jean-Pierre Advances in Polymer Technology, Vol. 24, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/adv.20035	journal	January 2005
Shear induced fiber orientation, fiber breakage and matrix molecular orientation in long glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composites Wang, Jianchuan; Geng, Chengzhen; Luo, Feng Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 528, Issue 7-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2010.12.081	journal	March 2011
The Effect of Thickness on the Tensile and Impact Properties of Reinforced Thermoplastics Pechulis, Michael; Vautour, Daniel Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 17, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1177/073168449801701706	journal	December 1998
Effect of molding condition and pellets material on the weld property of injection molded jute/polylactic acid Wang, Cuntao; Uawongsuwan, Putinun; Yang, Yuqiu Polymer Engineering & Science, Vol. 53, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.23411	journal	December 2012
Reliability in the characterization of fiber length distributions of injection molded long carbon fiber composites Sharma, Bhisham N.; Kijewski, Seth A.; Fifield, Leonard S. Polymer Composites, Vol. 39, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.24571	journal	August 2017
Effect of product geometry on fiber orientation of compression-molded rib type products Jo, S. H.; Kim, E. G. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 130-131 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-0136(02)00711-2	journal	December 2002
A study on fiber orientation in the compression molding of fiber reinforced polymer composite material Park, C. H.; Lee, W. I.; Yoo, Y. E. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 111, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-0136(01)00523-4	journal	April 2001
A study on the properties of the carbon long-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composite material using LFT-D method [LFT-D공법을 이용한 탄소 장섬유 강화 열가소성 복합재의 특성에 관한 연구] Park, Myung-Kyu; Park, Si-Woo Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society, Vol. 17, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2016.17.5.80	journal	May 2016
The Fibre Content Distribution of Compression Molded Long Fibre-Reinforced Thermoplastic Products** Hojo, Hidetsune; Kim, E. Gon; Tamakawa, Kiichi International Polymer Processing, Vol. 1, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3139/217.870060	journal	March 1987
Measuring the fibre orientation and modelling the elastic properties of injection-moulded long-glass-fibre-reinforced nylon Hine, P. J.; Davidson, N.; Duckett, R. A. Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 53, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0266-3538(95)00011-9	journal	January 1995
Mechanical and tribological enhancement of polyoxymethylene-based composites with long basalt fiber through melt pultrusion Wang, Yatao; Wang, Xiaodong; Wu, Dezhen Composite Interfaces, Vol. 23, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1080/09276440.2016.1168124	journal	March 2016
Mechanical properties and foaming behavior of cellulose fiber reinforced high-density polyethylene composites Kuboki, Takashi; Lee, Yoon H.; Park, Chul B. Polymer Engineering & Science, Vol. 49, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.21464	journal	November 2009
An anisotropic rotary diffusion model for fiber orientation in short- and long-fiber thermoplastics Phelps, Jay H.; Tucker, Charles L. Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 156, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnnfm.2008.08.002	journal	February 2009
Investigation on interfacial interaction of flame retarded and glass fiber reinforced PA66 composites by IGC/DSC/SEM Huang, Xiaohua; Li, Bin; Shi, Baoli Polymer, Vol. 49, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2007.12.037	journal	February 2008
Characterization of long fiber thermoplastic/metal laminates Kulkarni, R. R.; Chawla, K. K.; Vaidya, U. K. Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 43, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-007-2437-5	journal	July 2008
The influence of fibre length and concentration on the properties of glass fibre reinforced polypropylene. 6. The properties of injection moulded long fibre PP at high fibre content Thomason, J. L. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Vol. 36, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2004.11.004	journal	July 2005
Young’s modulus prediction of long fiber reinforced thermoplastics Garesci, F.; Fliegener, S. Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 85 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2013.06.009	journal	August 2013
Measurement of fiber orientation angle in FRP by intensity method Kim, J. W.; Lee, D. G. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 201, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.11.149	journal	May 2008
Influence of fiber waviness on the effective properties of discontinuous fiber reinforced composites Velmurugan, R.; Srinivasulu, G.; Jayasankar, S. Computational Materials Science, Vol. 91 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2014.05.004	journal	August 2014
Design and manufacturing of long fiber thermoplastic composite helmet insert Ning, Haibin; Pillay, Selvum; Thattaiparthasarathy, K. Balaji Composite Structures, Vol. 168 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.02.077	journal	May 2017
Performance of long glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites at different injection temperature Zhang, Daohai; He, Min; Luo, Heng Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology, Vol. 24, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.21563	journal	June 2016
Thermal stresses in aluminum 6061 and nylon 66 long fiber thermoplastic (LFT) composite joint in a tailcone Kulkarni, Rahul R.; Chawla, Krishan K.; Vaidya, Uday K. Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 42, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-007-1840-2	journal	June 2007
The Influence of Microstructure on the Mechanical Property Performance of Long Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites Ward, Susan; Crosby, Jane Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1177/089270579000300205	journal	April 1990
Long-fibre reinforced thermoplastics Marshall, David F. Materials & Design, Vol. 8, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-3069(87)90110-5	journal	March 1987
Influence of fiber length and compatibilizer on mechanical properties of long glass fiber reinforced polyamide 6,6 Yang, Bin; Leng, Jinhua; He, Bobing Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 31, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684412454199	journal	August 2012
Fatigue crack propagation in short and long fibre-reinforced injection-moulded PA 6.6 composites Karger-Kocsis, J.; Friedrich, K. Composites, Vol. 19, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-4361(88)90720-3	journal	March 1988
The influence of fibre length and concentration on the properties of glass fibre reinforced polypropylene: 5. Injection moulded long and short fibre PP Thomason, J. L. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Vol. 33, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-835X(02)00179-3	journal	December 2002
Effects of compatilizers on mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of polypropylene–long glass fiber composites Zhang, Daohai; Guo, Jianbing; Zhang, Kaizhou Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1177/0892705713486141	journal	May 2013
A model long-discontinuous-fiber filled thermoplastic melt in extensional flow Creasy, Terry S.; Advani, Suresh G. Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 73, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-0257(97)00045-1	journal	December 1997
Automatic Determination of Fiber-Length Distribution in Composite Material Using 3D CT Data Teßmann, Matthias; Mohr, Stephan; Gayetskyy, Svitlana EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing, Vol. 2010, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/545030	journal	May 2010
Composites for recyclability Peijs, Ton Materials Today, Vol. 6, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1369-7021(03)00428-0	journal	April 2003
Mechanical, thermal, and dynamic mechanical properties of long glass fiber-reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane/polyoxymethylene composites He, Min; Zhang, Daohai; Guo, Jianbing Polymer Composites, Vol. 35, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.22868	journal	January 2014
Transient shear flow behavior of concentrated long glass fiber suspensions in a sliding plate rheometer Ortman, Kevin C.; Agarwal, Neeraj; Eberle, Aaron P. R. Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 166, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnnfm.2011.04.007	journal	September 2011
A validation of the fibre orientation and fibre length attrition prediction for long fibre-reinforced thermoplastics Hopmann, Ch.; Weber, M.; van Haag, J. PROCEEDINGS OF PPS-30: The 30th International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society – Conference Papers, AIP Conference Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4918412	conference	January 2015
Dynamic mechanical properties, thermal, mechanical properties and morphology of long glass fiber-reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane/acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene composites He, Min; Zhang, Daohai; Guo, Jianbing Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1177/0892705713518813	journal	January 2014
Study on long fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites prepared byin situ solid-state polycondensation Yan, Weixia; Han, KeQing; Qin, LiuLiang Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 91, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/app.13627	journal	January 2004
Material Flow During Compression Moldings of Long Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites Harnada, H.; Sato, T.; Maekawa, Z. International Polymer Processing, Vol. 8, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.3139/217.930271	journal	September 1993
Measuring spatial fiber orientation—A method for quality control of fiber reinforced plastics Fischer, G.; Schwarz, P.; Mueller, U. Advances in Polymer Technology, Vol. 10, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/adv.1990.060100206	journal	July 1990
Mechanical properties of vibration welded short- and long-glass-fiber-reinforced polypropylene Dai, X. Y.; Bates, P. J. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Vol. 39, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2008.03.013	journal	July 2008
Design and analysis of a long fiber thermoplastic composite tailcone for a tank gun training round Vaidya, Uday K.; Serrano, Juan C.; Villalobos, Alejandro Materials & Design, Vol. 29, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2007.02.010	journal	January 2008
Investigations into the damage mechanisms of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene based on micro specimens and precise models of their microstructure Fliegener, Sascha; Kennerknecht, Tobias; Kabel, Matthias Composites Part B: Engineering, Vol. 112 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2016.12.051	journal	March 2017
Rheological and mechanical behavior of long-polymer-fiber reinforced thermoplastic pellets Bayerl, Thomas; Mitschang, Peter Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 131, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/app.39716	journal	August 2013
Development of Long Glass Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composites: Mechanical and Morphological Characteristics Kumar, K. Senthil; Bhatnagar, Naresh; Ghosh, Anup K. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 26, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684407070040	journal	February 2007
Measurement and quantitative analysis of fiber orientation distribution in long fiber reinforced part by injection molding Sun, Xianjun; Lasecki, John; Zeng, Danielle Polymer Testing, Vol. 42 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2015.01.016	journal	April 2015
Polyamide 6?long glass fiber injection moldings Bijsterbosch, H.; Gaymans, R. J. Polymer Composites, Vol. 16, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.750160504	journal	October 1995
An objective tensor to predict anisotropic fiber orientation in concentrated suspensions Tseng, Huan-Chang; Chang, Rong-Yeu; Hsu, Chia-Hsiang Journal of Rheology, Vol. 60, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1122/1.4939098	journal	March 2016
A Carbon Fiber Implant to Aid Interbody Lumbar Fusion: Two-Year Clinical Results in the First 26 Patients Brantigan, John W.; Steffee, Arthur D. Spine, Vol. 18, Issue Supplement https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-199310001-00030	journal	January 1993
Matrix cracking and modulus reduction during the fatigue of an injection-moulded glass/nylon composite Hitchen, S. A.; Ogin, S. L. Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 47, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0266-3538(93)90032-C	journal	January 1993
Shear strength and meltdown behavior of reinforced polypropylene assemblies made by resistance welding Bates, P. J.; Tan, S.; Zak, G. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Vol. 40, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2008.09.019	journal	January 2009
The influence of fibre length, diameter and concentration on the impact performance of long glass-fibre reinforced polyamide 6,6 Thomason, J. L. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Vol. 40, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2008.10.013	journal	February 2009
Sample preparation and image acquisition using optical-reflective microscopy in the measurement of fiber orientation in thermoplastic composites: SAMPLE PREPARATION AND IMAGE ACQUISITION VÉLez-GarcÍA, G. M.; Wapperom, P.; Kunc, V. Journal of Microscopy, Vol. 248, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2818.2012.03646.x	journal	September 2012
Low velocity impact testing of direct/inline compounded carbon fibre/polyamide-6 long fibre thermoplastic Bondy, Matthew; Altenhof, William International Journal of Impact Engineering, Vol. 111 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2017.08.012	journal	January 2018
Parameter Identification by Inverse Modelling of Biaxial Tensile Tests for Discontinous Fiber Reinforced Polymers: Parameter Identification by Inverse Modelling of Biaxial Tensile Tests for Discontinous Fiber Reinforced Polymers Schemmann, Malte; Brylka, Barthel; Gajek, Sebastian PAMM, Vol. 15, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.201510168	journal	October 2015
Fatigue Behavior of PP-LFT used in FEM Carreir with Variation of Stress Ratio [FEM Carrier용 PP-LFT 소재의 응력비 변화에 따른 피로 거동] Moon, Jong-Sin Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society, Vol. 16, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2015.16.1.8	journal	January 2015
The influence of fibre microstructure on fibre breakage and mechanical properties of natural fibre reinforced polypropylene Oksman, Kristiina; Mathew, Aji P.; Långström, Runar Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 69, Issue 11-12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2009.03.020	journal	September 2009
Effective thermal and mechanical properties of randomly oriented short and long fiber composites Sukiman, M. S.; Kanit, T.; N'Guyen, F. Mechanics of Materials, Vol. 107 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmat.2017.02.002	journal	April 2017
Fiber dispersion during compounding/injection molding of PP/kenaf composites: Flammability and mechanical properties Subasinghe, A. D. L.; Das, R.; Bhattacharyya, D. Materials & Design, Vol. 86 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2015.07.126	journal	December 2015
A Rheological Approach to the Analysis of Plastication Influence on Fibers Breakage of LGF-filled Polypropylene Lucchetta, Giovanni Macromolecular Symposia, Vol. 263, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.200850301	journal	February 2008
Design and Development of a Long Fiber Thermoplastic Bus Seat Bartus, S. D.; Vaidya, U. K.; Ulven, C. A. Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, Vol. 19, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1177/0892705706062184	journal	March 2006
Fracture behaviour of long fibre reinforced thermoplastics Vu-Khanh, T.; Denault, J. Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 29, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00349973	journal	November 1994
An Efficiently Brominated Flame Retardant Composed of Decabromodiphenyl Oxide and Antimonous Oxide for Long Glass Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Luo, Xing; He, Min; Guo, Jian Bing Advanced Materials Research, Vol. 734-737 https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.734-737.2240	journal	August 2013
The creep behavior of long fiber reinforced thermoplastics examined by microstructural simulations Fliegener, S.; Hohe, J.; Gumbsch, P. Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 131 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2016.05.006	journal	August 2016
Effect of Compounding and Injection Molding on the Mechanical Properties of Flax Fiber Polypropylene Composites Barkoula, N. M.; Garkhail, S. K.; Peijs, T. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 29, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684409104465	journal	June 2009
Application and evaluation of the method of ellipses for measuring the orientation of long, semi-flexible fibers Hofmann, John T.; Vélez-Garcia, Gregorio M.; Baird, Donald G. Polymer Composites, Vol. 34, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.22417	journal	February 2013
3D numerical simulation for the elastic properties of random fiber composites with a wide range of fiber aspect ratios Lu, Zixing; Yuan, Zeshuai; Liu, Qiang Computational Materials Science, Vol. 90 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2014.04.007	journal	July 2014
Long jute fiber-reinforced polypropylene composite: Effects of jute fiber bundle and glass fiber hybridization Uawongsuwan, Putinun; Yang, Yuqiu; Hamada, Hiroyuki Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 132, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/app.41819	journal	December 2014
Flexural creep behavior of discontinuous thermoplastic composites: Non-linear viscoelastic modeling and time–temperature–stress superposition Chevali, Venkata S.; Dean, Derrick R.; Janowski, Gregg M. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Vol. 40, Issue 6-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2009.04.012	journal	July 2009
Calculations and Experiments for Impact Strength of Natural Long-Fiber Reinforced Composites Mieck, K. -P.; Reußmann, T.; Lützkendorf, R. Advanced Engineering Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.200300564	journal	March 2004
Interfacial shear strength and tensile properties of injection-molded, short- and long-glass fiber-reinforced polyamide 6,6 composites Hassan, Aziz; Yahya, R.; Rafiq, M. I. M. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 30, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684411417917	journal	July 2011
High Volume Production Technology for Corrosive Resistant Long-Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Extinguishers Tirschmann, Ramon; Czäczine, Jens; Hunold, Mathias Materials Science Forum, Vol. 825-826 https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.825-826.724	journal	July 2015
Thermoplastic composites keep gaining momentum in the automotive industry Mathijsen, Django Reinforced Plastics, Vol. 60, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.repl.2015.06.095	journal	November 2016
Fatigue behavior of neat and long glass fiber (LGF) reinforced blends of nylon 66 and isotactic PP Harmia, T. Polymer Composites, Vol. 17, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.10686	journal	December 1996
Performance of long fiber reinforced thermoplastics subjected to transverse intermediate velocity blunt object impact Bartus, S. D.; Vaidya, U. K. Composite Structures, Vol. 67, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2004.07.023	journal	March 2005
3D microstructure modeling of long fiber reinforced thermoplastics Fliegener, S.; Luke, M.; Gumbsch, P. Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 104 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2014.09.009	journal	November 2014
Preparation of polypropylene composites reinforced with long carbon fibers and their properties Lee, Eun Soo; Kim, Jung Soo; Kim, Ki Young Fibers and Polymers, Vol. 15, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-014-2613-6	journal	December 2014
Flexural creep behaviour of long glass fibre reinforced polyamide 6.6 under thermal-oxidative environment Coulon, A.; Lafranche, E.; Douchain, C. Journal of Composite Materials, Vol. 51, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998316672521	journal	October 2016
Drilling of long fiber reinforced thermoplastics—Influence of the cutting edge on the machining results Franke, Vikki CIRP Annals, Vol. 60, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2011.03.078	journal	January 2011
Compounding and molding of polyethylene composites reinforced with keratin feather fiber Barone, J.; Schmidt, W.; Liebner, C. Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 65, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2004.09.030	journal	March 2005
A matricial approach of fibre breakage in twin-screw extrusion of glass fibres reinforced thermoplastics Durin, Audrey; De Micheli, Pascal; Ville, Julien Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Vol. 48 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2012.12.011	journal	May 2013
Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Long Glass Fiber Reinforced PA6 Composites Prepared by a Novel Process Han, Ke-qing; Liu, Zheng-jun; Yu, Mu-huo Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, Vol. 290, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.200500051	journal	July 2005
Mechanical properties of injection molded long fiber polypropylene composites, Part 2: Impact and fracture toughness Senthil Kumar, K.; Bhatnagar, Naresh; Ghosh, Anup K. Polymer Composites, Vol. 29, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.20369	journal	January 2008
Swirl mat- and long discontinuous fiber mat-reinforced polypropylene composites?status and future trends Karger-Kocsis, J. Polymer Composites, Vol. 21, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.10206	journal	August 2000
The effect of fiber concentration on mechanical and thermal properties of fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites Houshyar, S.; Shanks, R. A.; Hodzic, A. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 96, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/app.20874	journal	January 2005
Manufacturing and testing of long basalt fiber reinforced thermoplastic matrix composites Deák, Tamás; Czigány, Tibor; Maršálková, Miroslava Polymer Engineering & Science, Vol. 50, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.21765	journal	September 2010
Influence of fiber concentration on the startup of shear flow behavior of long fiber suspensions Cieslinski, Mark J.; Wapperom, Peter; Baird, Donald G. Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 222 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnnfm.2014.10.012	journal	August 2015
Highly enhanced mechanical properties of polypropylene-long carbon fiber composites by a combined method of coupling agent and surface modification of long carbon fiber Cho, Seong Min; Jung, Hee-Tae Macromolecular Research, Vol. 22, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13233-014-2153-3	journal	October 2014
LFTs for automotive applications Henning, Frank; Ernst, Heinrich; Brüssel, Richard Reinforced Plastics, Vol. 49, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0034-3617(05)00546-1	journal	February 2005
Fiber Length and Orientation in Long-Fiber Injection-Molded Thermoplastics — Part I: Modeling of Microstructure and Elastic Properties Nguyen, Ba Nghiep; Bapanapalli, Satish K.; Holbery, James D. Journal of Composite Materials, Vol. 42, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998308088606	journal	January 2008
Preparation and performance of long carbon fiber reinforced polyamide 6 composites injection-molded from core/shell structured pellets Luo, Honglin; Xiong, Guangyao; Ma, Chunying Materials & Design, Vol. 64 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.07.054	journal	December 2014
LFT: the future of reinforced thermoplastics? Hattum, Ferrie van; Breugel, Sjef van Reinforced Plastics, Vol. 45, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0034-3617(01)80208-3	journal	June 2001
Fabrication of long glass fiber reinforced polyacetal composites: Mechanical performance, microstructures, and isothermal crystallization kinetics Tao, Zhaozeng; Wang, Yatao; Li, Jianhua Polymer Composites, Vol. 36, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.23090	journal	June 2014
The effects of injection molding on the mechanical behavior of long-fiber reinforced PBT/PET blends Vu-Khanh, T.; Denault, J.; Habib, P. Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 40, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0266-3538(91)90032-K	journal	January 1991
Toughness of Reinforced Ductile Thermoplastics Vu-Khanh, T.; Denault, J. Journal of Composite Materials, Vol. 26, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1177/002199839202601505	journal	December 1992
Effects of Compatibilizers on Mechanical Properties of Long Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 29, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684409103954	journal	February 2009
Mixed boundary conditions for FFT-based homogenization at finite strains Kabel, Matthias; Fliegener, Sascha; Schneider, Matti Computational Mechanics, Vol. 57, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00466-015-1227-1	journal	December 2015
Effect of environmental weathering on flexural creep behavior of long fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites Chevali, Venkata S.; Dean, Derrick R.; Janowski, Gregg M. Polymer Degradation and Stability, Vol. 95, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.07.019	journal	December 2010
Long fibre reinforcement drives automotive market forward Markarian, Jennifer Plastics, Additives and Compounding, Vol. 7, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1464-391X(05)70393-7	journal	May 2005
Microstructural characterization of injection moulded composites using image analysis Toll, S.; Andersson, P. -O. Composites, Vol. 22, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-4361(91)90006-3	journal	July 1991
Mechanical Properties and Dynamic Mechanical Behavior for Long Aramid Fiber Reinforced Impact Polypropylene Copolymer Tan, Hao; Tan, Hong Sheng; Tang, Xin Lei Advanced Materials Research, Vol. 591-593 https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.591-593.1079	journal	November 2012
The characterization of low cost fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites produced by the DRIFT™ process Hartness, Tim; Husman, George; Koenig, John Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Vol. 32, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-835X(01)00061-6	journal	August 2001
Rheological characterization of long fiber thermoplastics – Effect of temperature, fiber length and weight fraction Thattaiparthasarthy, K. Balaji; Pillay, Selvum; Vaidya, Uday K. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Vol. 40, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2009.06.009	journal	October 2009
Polypropylene hybrid composites reinforced with long glass fibres and particulate filler Hartikainen, J.; Hine, P.; Szabó, J. S. Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 65, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2004.07.010	journal	February 2005
Preparation and mechanical characterization of chicken feather/PLA composites Baba, Buket Okutan; Özmen, Ugur Polymer Composites, Vol. 38, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.23644	journal	June 2015
Surface quality characterization of textile-reinforced thermoplastics Neitzel, M.; Blinzler, M.; Edelmann, K. Polymer Composites, Vol. 21, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.10218	journal	August 2000
Anomalous rheological behavior of long glass fiber reinforced polypropylene Kim, Dong Hak; Lee, Young Sil; Son, Younggon Korea-Australia Rheology Journal, Vol. 24, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13367-012-0037-7	journal	December 2012
An efficiently halogen-free flame-retardant long-glass-fiber-reinforced polypropylene system Liu, Yun; Deng, Cheng-Liang; Zhao, Jing Polymer Degradation and Stability, Vol. 96, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.02.033	journal	March 2011
A phenomenological study of the mechanical properties of long-fiber filled injection-molded thermoplastic composites Stokes, V. K.; Inzinna, L. P.; Liang, E. W. Polymer Composites, Vol. 21, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.10223	journal	October 2000
Micro-structural, thermal, and mechanical properties of injection-molded glass fiber/nanoclay/polypropylene composites Rahman, Normasmira Abd.; Hassan, Aziz; Yahya, Rosiyah Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 31, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684411435727	journal	January 2012
Effect of UV exposure on the microstructure and mechanical properties of long fiber thermoplastic (LFT) composites Goel, A.; Chawla, K. K.; Vaidya, U. K. Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 43, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-007-2444-6	journal	July 2008
Mechanical properties of aligned long glass fiber reinforced polypropylene. II: Tensile creep behavior Yang, Shean-wei; Chin, Wei-kuo Polymer Composites, Vol. 20, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.10348	journal	April 1999
Preparation, microstructures, and properties of long-glass-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites based on polycarbonate/poly(butylene terephthalate) alloys Tan, Yahui; Wang, Xiaodong; Wu, Dezhen Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 34, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684415599071	journal	July 2015
Effect of long fiber thermoplastic extrusion process on fiber dispersion and mechanical properties of viscose fiber/polypropylene composites: Viscose Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composites Ranganathan, Nalini; Oksman, Kristiina; Nayak, Sanjay K. Polymers for Advanced Technologies, Vol. 27, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.3742	journal	December 2015
Implantation of an empty carbon fiber composite frame cage after single-level anterior cervical discectomy in the treatment of cervical disc herniation: preliminary results Payer, Michael; May, Daniel; Reverdin, Alain Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine, Vol. 98, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3171/spi.2003.98.2.0143	journal	March 2003
The influence of fibre length and concentration on the properties of glass fibre reinforced polypropylene: 7. Interface strength and fibre strain in injection moulded long fibre PP at high fibre content Thomason, J. L. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Vol. 38, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2006.01.007	journal	January 2007
Modeling of Long Fiber Reinforced Plastics Zeng, Danielle; Lu, Li; Zhou, Jin SAE 2015 World Congress & Exhibition, SAE Technical Paper Series https://doi.org/10.4271/2015-01-0698	conference	April 2015
Measurement of Planar Orientation of Fibers for Reinforced Thermoplastics Using Image Processing Yaguchi, H.; Hojo, H.; Lee, D. G. International Polymer Processing, Vol. 10, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.3139/217.950262	journal	September 1995
A study on the characteristics of glass fibre reinforced thermoplastics by transfer moulding Katayama, Tsutao; Omiya, Tomohide; Amano, Itaru Composite Structures, Vol. 32, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0263-8223(95)00037-2	journal	January 1995
Fracture Toughness Variations of Injection Molded Long Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics Gonzalez, Fernando; Chassapis, Constantin Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 20, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1177/073168401772678931	journal	July 2001
Extrusion blow molding of long fiber reinforced polyolefins Garcia-Rejon, A.; Meddad, A.; Turcott, E. Polymer Engineering & Science, Vol. 42, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.10953	journal	February 2002
Preparation and characterization of compression-molded green composite sheets made of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) reinforced with long pita fibers Torres-Giner, Sergio; Montanes, Nestor; Fombuena, Vicent Advances in Polymer Technology, Vol. 37, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/adv.21789	journal	November 2016
Effect of screw design on fiber breakage and dispersion in injection-molded long glass-fiber-reinforced polypropylene Inoue, Akira; Morita, Kazuya; Tanaka, Tatsuya Journal of Composite Materials, Vol. 49, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998313514872	journal	December 2013
Prediction of elastic properties for curved fiber polymer composites Bapanapalli, Satish; Nguyen, Ba Nghiep Polymer Composites, Vol. 29, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.20394	journal	January 2008
Process simulation, design and manufacturing of a long fiber thermoplastic composite for mass transit application Balaji Thattaiparthasarathy, K.; Pillay, S.; Ning, H. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Vol. 39, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2008.05.017	journal	September 2008
Micromechanical simulation of tensile failure of discontinuous fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composites using Spring Element Model Okabe, Tomonaga; Sasayama, Toshiki; Koyanagi, Jun Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Vol. 56 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2013.09.012	journal	January 2014
Mechanical and thermal properties of long carbon fiber-reinforced polyamide 6 composites An, Hyo Jin; Kim, Jung Soo; Kim, Ki-Young Fibers and Polymers, Vol. 15, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-014-2355-5	journal	November 2014
Lightweight Potential of Fiber-Reinforced Foams Roch, Alexander; Menrath, A.; Huber, T. Cellular Polymers, Vol. 32, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1177/026248931303200402	journal	July 2013
Tensile properties of injection molded long fiber thermoplastic composites Denault, J.; Vu-Khanh, T.; Foster, B. Polymer Composites, Vol. 10, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.750100507	journal	October 1989
Structure property relation of hybrid biocomposites based on jute, viscose and polypropylene: The effect of the fibre content and the length on the fracture toughness and the fatigue properties Ranganathan, Nalini; Oksman, Kristiina; Nayak, Sanjay K. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Vol. 83 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2015.10.037	journal	April 2016
Impact fracture behavior of injection molded long glass fiber reinforced polypropylene Skourlis, T. P.; Mehta, S. R.; Chassapis, C. Polymer Engineering & Science, Vol. 38, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.10167	journal	January 1998
Representative volume elements for discontinuous carbon fibre composites – Part 1: Boundary conditions Harper, L. T.; Qian, C.; Turner, T. A. Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 72, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2011.11.006	journal	January 2012
A model for fiber length attrition in injection-molded long-fiber composites Phelps, Jay H.; Abd El-Rahman, Ahmed I.; Kunc, Vlastimil Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Vol. 51 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2013.04.002	journal	August 2013
Coupling of Mold Flow Simulations with Two-Scale Structural Mechanical Simulations for Long Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics Buck, Fabian; Brylka, Barthel; Müller, Viktor Materials Science Forum, Vol. 825-826 https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.825-826.655	journal	July 2015
Injection moulding of long glass fibre reinforced poly(ethylene terephtalate): Influence of carbon black and nucleating agents on impact properties Cilleruelo, L.; Lafranche, E.; Krawczak, P. Express Polymer Letters, Vol. 6, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.3144/expresspolymlett.2012.76	journal	January 2012
Representative volume elements for discontinuous carbon fibre composites – Part 2: Determining the critical size Harper, L. T.; Qian, C.; Turner, T. A. Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 72, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2011.11.003	journal	January 2012
LFT-D — A Process Technology for Large Scale Production of Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Components Krause, W.; Henning, F.; Tröster, S. Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, Vol. 16, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1177/0892705703016004001	journal	July 2003
An anisotropic elasto-plastic material model for injection-molded long fiber-reinforced thermoplastics accounting for local fiber orientation distributions Schulenberg, L.; Seelig, T.; Andrieux, F. Journal of Composite Materials, Vol. 51, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998316668983	journal	July 2016
Colored inorganic-pigmented long-fiber thermoplastics Vaidya, Uday K.; Thattaiparthasarthy, K. Balaji; Pillay, Selvum Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1177/0892705713515262	journal	November 2013
Instrumented impact fracture and related failure behavior in short- and long-glass-fiber-reinforced polypropylene Karger-Kocsis, J. Composites Science and Technology, Vol. 48, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0266-3538(93)90144-6	journal	January 1993
Performance of Long Glass Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Automotive Part by Surface Finishing/Compression Molding Process Mccarthy, Stephen; Guan, Qing; Mccarthy, Shawn SAE 2001 World Congress, SAE Technical Paper Series https://doi.org/10.4271/2001-01-0442	conference	March 2001
Injection Compression Molding of Long Glass Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Gottgetreu, Scott R. International Congress & Exposition, SAE Technical Paper Series https://doi.org/10.4271/980724	conference	February 1998
Carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites for future automotive applications Friedrich, K. VIII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON “TIMES OF POLYMERS AND COMPOSITES”: From Aerospace to Nanotechnology, AIP Conference Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4949575	conference	January 2016
Glass-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites for Front End Module Applications Kulkarni, Sandeep; Schijve, Warden SIAT 2011, SAE Technical Paper Series https://doi.org/10.4271/2011-26-0053	conference	January 2011
Development of Plastic Rear Seat Cushion Frame Using PP-LFT Kim, Jonghyun; Kim, Sangwoo; Choi, Chihoon SAE World Congress & Exhibition, SAE Technical Paper Series https://doi.org/10.4271/2007-01-1729	conference	April 2007
Development of Door Module Plate with Long-fiber-reinforced Thermoplastic Polypropylene Noh, Won-Jong; Choi, Min-Ho; Choi, Chi-Hoon SAE 2006 World Congress & Exhibition, SAE Technical Paper Series https://doi.org/10.4271/2006-01-0330	conference	April 2006
Influence of Material Anisotropy on Long Glass Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics Composite Wheel: Dynamic Impact Simulation Wan, X. F.; Pan, Y.; Liu, X. D. ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Volume 14: Emerging Technologies; Safety Engineering and Risk Analysis; Materials: Genetics to Structures https://doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2015-50725	conference	March 2016
Flow Response and Microstructure of Polymers Reinforced with Discontinuous Fibers Davidson, Theodore; Huang, T. A.; Brizzolara, J. P. MRS Proceedings, Vol. 289 https://doi.org/10.1557/PROC-289-231	journal	January 1992
Progress in modeling long glass and carbon fiber breakage during injection molding Chen, Hongyu; Cieslinski, Mark; Baird, Donald G. PROCEEDINGS OF PPS-30: The 30th International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society – Conference Papers, AIP Conference Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4918422	conference	January 2015
Effects of Processing Parameters on the Thermal and Mechanical Properties of LFT- D-ECM Glass Fiber/Polyamide 6 Composites Fan, Y.; Liu, Y. C.; Whitfield, T. Plastics Engineering, Vol. 73, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1941-9635.2017.tb01640.x	journal	January 2017
LFT foam - Lightweight potential for semi-structural components through the use of long-glass-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic foams Roch, A.; Huber, T.; Henning, F. PROCEEDINGS OF PPS-29: The 29th International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society - Conference Papers, AIP Conference Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4873824	conference	January 2014
Investigations on injection molded, glass-fiber reinforced polyamide 6 integral foams using breathing mold technology Roch, A.; Kehret, L.; Huber, T. PROCEEDINGS OF PPS-30: The 30th International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society – Conference Papers, AIP Conference Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4918488	conference	January 2015
Creep Modeling for Injection-Molded Long-Fiber Thermoplastics Nguyen, Ba Nghiep; Kunc, Vlastimil; Bapanapalli, Satish K. ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Volume 12: Mechanics of Solids, Structures and Fluids https://doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2008-66335	conference	August 2009
Nonlinear Composite Voxels and Fft-Based Homogenization Kabel, Matthias; Fink, Andreas; Ospald, Felix Proceedings of the VII European Congress on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences and Engineering (ECCOMAS Congress 2016) https://doi.org/10.7712/100016.1944.5977	conference	January 2016
Fracture Behavior of Long Glass Fiber Reinforced PP Sheets With Hole Sakai, Hiroshi; Thitithanasarn, Smith; Uawongsuwan, Putinun ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Volume 8: Mechanics of Solids, Structures and Fluids; Vibration, Acoustics and Wave Propagation https://doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2011-62815	conference	August 2012
High Strain Rate Mechanical Properties of Long Glass Fiber Filled Polypropylene and Nylon Kuhlman, Sarah J. H.; Hill, Susan I. SAE 2014 World Congress & Exhibition, SAE Technical Paper Series https://doi.org/10.4271/2014-01-1056	conference	April 2014
Resistive Implant Welding of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Compounds Tan, S.; Zak, G.; Bates, P. J. SAE 2006 World Congress & Exhibition, SAE Technical Paper Series https://doi.org/10.4271/2006-01-0332	conference	April 2006
Abrasive Behavior of Discontinuous Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Material Chidambaram, Mr. Subramanian; Selvaraj, Dr. Senthilvelan Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, Vol. 62, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1108/03687921080000494	journal	January 2010
Fracture Toughness Variations of Injection Molded Long Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics Gonzalez, Fernando; Chassapis, Constantin Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 20, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1177/15307964-01020010-01	journal	July 2001
LFT – development status and perspectives Schemme, Michael Plastics, Additives and Compounding, Vol. 10, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/s1464-391x(08)70060-6	journal	March 2008

Cited By (1)

Enhancement of wear resistant and electrical conductivity properties of LFT-D composite material using electroless plated nickel-phosphorus coatings Liu, Xide; Cui, Peiying; Wang, Chongbin Materials Research Express, Vol. 6, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab4392	journal	September 2019

Similar Records

A validation of the fibre orientation and fibre length attrition prediction for long fibre-reinforced thermoplastics

Journal Article · Fri May 22 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · AIP Conference Proceedings · OSTI ID:1502606

Hopmann, Ch.; Weber, M.; Haag, J. van; +1 more

Manufacturing and characterization of continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic tape overmolded long fiber thermoplastic

Journal Article · Wed Dec 23 00:00:00 EST 2020 · Composites Part B: Engineering · OSTI ID:1502606

Alwekar, Shailesh; Ogle, Ryan C.; Kim, Pum; +1 more

TECHNIQUES AND RESULTS FOR FIBER LENGTH DISTRIBUTION DETERMINATION AS A FUNCTION OF THICKNESS IN LONG FIBER REINFORCED INJECTION MOLDED THERMOPLASTICS

Conference · Tue Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2008 · OSTI ID:1502606

Kunc, Vlastimil; Frame, Barbara J; Pryor, Jeff M; +5 more

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
long fibre thermoplastics
composites
properties
fibre orientation distribution
fibre length distribution

Title: A review of long fibre thermoplastic (LFT) composites [A review of long fibre-reinforced thermoplastic of long fibre thermoplastic (LFT) composites]

Citation Formats

References (223)

Cited By (1)

Similar Records

Related Subjects