Abstract
The effect of infection by either of two strains of the endophyte Neotyphodium lolii with or without infection by barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) on the growth of eight perennial ryegrass genotypes was investigated in a greenhouse trial. Herbage production was significantly influenced by plant genotype. Infection with BYDV reduced dry matter and tiller production of most perennial ryegrass plants and although there was no significant plant genotype x virus interaction, the genotypes differed in their response to virus infection. Infection with endophyte induced an increase in plant dry weight of 42% in one genotype, whereas the others were not significantly affected. Presence of BYDV did not influence production of the alkaloids ergovaline, lolitrem B or peramine, nor was there a significant interaction between the two strains of endophyte and the virus. However, with some genotypes virus infection masked the effect of endophyte on the dry matter production of plants.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Arachevaleta, M., Bacon, C.W., Hoveland, C.S. and Radcliffe, D.E. (1989) — Effect of the tall fescue endophyte on plant response to environmental stress. Agronomy Journal 81: 83–90.
Belesky, D.P., Stringer, W.C. and Hill, N.S. (1989) — Influence of endophyte and water regime upon tall fescue accessions. I. Growth characteristics. Annals of Botany 63: 495–503.
Catherall, P.L. and Parry, A.L. (1987) — Effects of barley yellow dwarf virus on some varieties of Italian, hybrid and perennial ryegrasses and their implication for grass breeders. Plant Pathology 36: 148–153.
Cheplick, G.P., Clay, K. and Marks, S. (1989) — Interactions between infection by endophytic fungi and nutrient limitation in the grasses Lolium perenne and Festuca arundinacea. New Phytologist 111: 89–97.
Easton, H.S. (1993) — Will endophyte strain affect variety performance? In Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Acremonium/Grass Interactions (Eds D.E. Hume, G.C.M. Latch and H.S. Easton), pp. 195–199. Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Guy, P.L. (1992) — Incidence of Acremonium lolii and lack of correlation with barley yellow dwarf viruses in Tasmanian perennial ryegrass pastures. Plant Pathology 41: 29–34.
Guy, P.L. (1993) — Barley yellow dwarf viruses in Japanese pasture grasses and lack of correlation with the presence of fungal endophytes. Plant Pathology 42: 1–5.
Hill, N.S., Belesky, D.P. and Stringer, W.C. (1991) — Competitiveness of tall fescue as influenced by Acremonium coenophialum. Crop Science 31: 185–190.
Huizing, H.J., van der Molen, W., Kloek, W. and den Nijs, A.P.M. (1991) — Detection of lolines in endophyte-containing meadow fescue in the Netherlands and the effect of elevated temperature on induction of lolines in endophyte-infected perennial ryegrass. Grass Forage Science 46: 441 -445.
Hume, DE. (1993) — Agronomic performance of New Zealand pastures: Implications of Acremonium presence. In Proceedings ofthe Second International Symposium on Acremonium/Grass Interactions: Plenary Papers (Eds D.E. Hume, G.C.M. Latch and H.S. Easton), pp. 31–38. Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Johnson, M.C., Dahlman, D.L., Siegel, M.R., Bush, L.P., Latch, G.C.M., Potter, D.A. and Varney, D.R. (1985) — Insect feeding deterrents in endophyte-infected tall fescue. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 49: 568–571.
Latch, G.C.M. (1976) — Incidence of barley yellow dwarf virus in ryegrass pastures in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 20: 87–89.
Latch, G.C.M. (1980) — Effects of barley yellow dwarf virus on simulated swards of Nui perennial ryegrass. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 23: 373–378.
Latch, G.C.M. (1994) — Influence of Acremonium endophytes on perennial grass improvement. New Zealand Journal of Agricultura1 Research 37: 311–318.
Latch, G.C.M. and Christensen, M.J. (1985) — Artificial infection of grasses with endophytes. Annals of Applied Biology 107: 17–24.
Latch, G.C.M., Christensen, M.J. and Gaynor, D.L. (1985a)Aphid detection of endophyte infection in tall fescue. New Zealand Journal of Agricultura1 Research 28: 129–132.
Latch, G.C.M., Hunt, W.F. and Musgrave, D.R. (1985b) — Endophytic fungi affect growth of perennial ryegrass. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 28: 165–168.
Lewis, G.C. (1990) — Herbage yield of nine genotypes of perennial ryegrass with and without infection by ryegrass endophyte. Tests of Agrochemicals and Cultivars 11, Annals of Applied Biology (Supplement) 116: 108–109.
Lewis, G.C. and Day, R.C. (1993) — Growth of a perennial ryegrass genotype with and without infection by ryegrass endophyte and virus diseases. Tests of Agrochemicals and Cultivars 14, Annals of Applied Biology (Supplement) 122: 144–145.
Mahmood, T., Gergerich, R.C., Milus, E.A., West, C.P. and D’Arcy, C. J. (1993) — Barley yellow dwarf viruses in wheat, endophyte-infected and endophyte-free tall fescue, and other hosts in Arkansas. Plant Disease 77: 225–228.
Ravel, C., Charmet, G. and Balfourier, F. (1995) — Influence of the fimgal endophyte Acremonium lolii on agronomic traits of perennial ryegrass in France. Grass and Forage Science 50: 75–80.
Read, J.C. and Camp, B.J. (1986) — The effect of the fungal endophyte Acremonium coenophialum in tall fescue on animal performance, toxicity, and stand maintenance. Agronomy Journal 78: 848–850.
Rowan, D.D. and Latch, G.C.M. (1994) — Utilization of endophyte-infected perennial ryegrasses for increased insect resistance. In Biotechnology of Endophytic Fungi of Grasses (Eds C.W. Bacon and J. White), pp. 169–183. CRC Press.
Slykhuis, J.T. (1967) — Virus diseases of cereals. Review of Applied Mycology 46: 401–429.
West, C.P. and Gwinn, K.D. (1993) — Role of Acrenzonium in drought, pest, and disease tolerances of grasses. In Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Acremonium/Grass Interactions: Plenary Papers (Eds D.E. Hume, G.C.M. Latch and H.S. Easton), pp. 131–140. Palmerston North, New Zealand.
West, C.P., Izekor, E., Robbins, R.T., Gergerich, R. and Mahmood, T. (1990) — Acremonium coenophialum effects on infestations of barley yellow dwarf virus and soil-borne nematodes and insects in tall fescue. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Acremonium/Grass Interactions (Eds S.S. Quisenberry and R.E. Joost), pp. 196–198. Lousiana, USA.
Wilkins, P.W. and Catherall, P.L. (1977) — Variation in reaction to barley yellow dwarf virus and its inheritance. Annals of Applied Biology 85: 257–263.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hesse, U., Latch, G.C.M. Influence of Neotyphodium lolii and barley yellow dwarf virus, individually and combined, on the growth of Lolium perenne . Australasian Plant Pathology 28, 240–247 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1071/AP99039
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/AP99039