Issue 25, 2021

Influence of carbon dot synthetic parameters on photophysical and biological properties

Abstract

Recently, carbon dots (CDs) have been widely investigated for biological applications in imaging. One-step hydrothermal synthesis is considered to be one of the most promising methods for the synthesis of CDs, due to its simple and rapid manipulation, flexible selection of ingredients, environmentally friendly conditions, and low-cost. A number of synthetic and post-synthetic parameters, including solvent, heating time, dopant quantity, and particle size distribution, play a crucial role in controlling the size and surface structure of CDs, which ultimately have influence on their photophysical and biological behavior. Despite the crucial role of each of these parameters in defining the yield and nature of synthesized CDs, they have not previously been rigorously optimized, particularly with respect to desired biological applications. Herein, we report our comprehensive optimization of the parameters employed for the hydrothermal synthesis of CDs to gain a better understanding of the effect of these parameters on optical properties, cytotoxicity, and cellular uptake efficiency. Furthermore, this work will open up new pathways toward the design of CDs with physiochemical properties tailored for specific biomedical applications such as bioimaging.

Graphical abstract: Influence of carbon dot synthetic parameters on photophysical and biological properties

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
03 Mar 2021
Accepted
11 Jun 2021
First published
11 Jun 2021

Nanoscale, 2021,13, 11138-11149

Influence of carbon dot synthetic parameters on photophysical and biological properties

P. Lesani, Z. Lu, G. Singh, M. Mursi, M. Mirkhalaf, E. J. New and H. Zreiqat, Nanoscale, 2021, 13, 11138 DOI: 10.1039/D1NR01389K

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