Water Desalination Using Nanoporous Single-Layer Graphene with Tunable Pore Size

Surwade, Sumedh P.; Smirnov, Sergei N.; Vlassiouk, Ivan V.; Unocic, Raymond R.; Veith, Gabriel M.; Dai, Sheng; Mahurin, Shannon Mark

doi:10.1038/nnano.2015.37

Title: Water Desalination Using Nanoporous Single-Layer Graphene with Tunable Pore Size

Journal Article · Mon Mar 23 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Nature Nanotechnology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2015.37· OSTI ID:1185491

Surwade, Sumedh P. ^[1]; Smirnov, Sergei N. ^[1]; Vlassiouk, Ivan V. ^[1]; Unocic, Raymond R. ^[1]; Veith, Gabriel M. ^[1]; Dai, Sheng ^[1]; Mahurin, Shannon Mark ^[1]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Graphene has great potential to serve as a separation membrane due to its unique properties such as chemical and mechanical stability, flexibility and most importantly its one-atom thickness. In this study, we demonstrate first experimental evidence of the use of single-layer porous graphene as a desalination membrane. Nanometer-sized pores are introduced into single layer graphene using a convenient oxygen plasma etching process that permits tuning of the pore size. The resulting porous graphene membrane exhibited high rejection of salt ions and rapid water transport, thus functioning as an efficient water desalination membrane. Salt rejection selectivity of nearly 100% and exceptionally high water fluxes exceeding 105 g m-2 s-1 at 40 C were measured using saturated water vapor as a driving force.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1185491

Journal Information:: Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 10, Issue 5; ISSN 1748-3387

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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2D nanoporous materials: membrane platform for gas and liquid separations Moghadam, Farhad; Park, Ho Bum 2D Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/ab1519	journal	July 2019
Molecular simulation of permeation behaviour of ethanol/water molecules with single-layer graphene oxide membranes Yu, Tongfei; Bai, Lifei; Xu, Zhijun Taylor & Francis https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.6194114.v1	text	January 2018
Two-Dimensional-Material Membranes: A New Family of High-Performance Separation Membranes Liu, Gongping; Jin, Wanqin; Xu, Nanping Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 55, Issue 43, p. 13384-13397 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201600438	journal	July 2016
Solar vapor generation optimization of a carbon‐black/wood‐flour system with strength enhanced by polystyrene Huang, Qiangqiang; Huang, Congliang; Liu, Shang International Journal of Energy Research, Vol. 44, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/er.5154	journal	April 2020
Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants in Water Using Graphene Oxide Composite Kumar, Suneel; Terashima, Chiaki; Fujishima, Akira A New Generation Material Graphene: Applications in Water Technology https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75484-0_17	book	June 2018
Unexpected behaviors in molecular transport through size-controlled nanochannels down to the ultra-nanoscale Bruno, Giacomo; Di Trani, Nicola; Hood, R. Lyle Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04133-8	journal	April 2018
Functionalized boron nitride membranes with ultrafast solvent transport performance for molecular separation Chen, Cheng; Wang, Jiemin; Liu, Dan Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04294-6	journal	May 2018
Nanopipettes: a potential tool for DNA detection Wang, Zhe; Liu, Yichong; Yu, Lei The Analyst, Vol. 144, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9an00633h	journal	January 2019
Tangential flow microfluidics for the capture and release of nanoparticles and extracellular vesicles on conventional and ultrathin membranes Dehghani, Mehdi; Lucas, Kilean; Flax, Jonathan Advanced Materials Technologies https://doi.org/10.1101/675488	posted_content	June 2019
Etching gas-sieving nanopores in single-layer graphene with an angstrom precision for high-performance gas mixture separation Zhao, J.; He, G.; Huang, S. Science Advances, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aav1851	journal	January 2019
Surface-Specific Spectroscopy of Water at a Potentiostatically Controlled Supported Graphene Monolayer Dreier, L. B.; Liu, Z.; Narita, A. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 123, Issue 39 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b05844	journal	September 2019
Tailoring Pore Size and Chemical Interior of near 1 nm Sized Pores in a Nanoporous Polymer Based on a Discotic Liquid Crystal Bhattacharjee, Subham; Lugger, Jody A. M.; Sijbesma, Rint P. Macromolecules, Vol. 50, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00013	journal	March 2017
High Water Flux with Ions Sieving in a Desalination 2D Sub-Nanoporous Boron Nitride Material Davoy, Xavier; Gellé, Alain; Lebreton, Jean-Christophe ACS Omega, Vol. 3, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.8b01076	journal	June 2018
Polymerization driven monomer passage through monolayer chemical vapour deposition graphene Zhang, Tao; Liao, Zhongquan; Sandonas, Leonardo Medrano [London] : Nature Publishing Group UK https://doi.org/10.34657/9858	text	January 2018
Involving high school students in computational physics university research: Theory calculations of toluene adsorbed on graphene Ericsson, Jonas; Husmark, Teodor; Mathiesen, Christoffer arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1603.08363	text	January 2016
Dehydration as a Universal Mechanism for Ion Selectivity in Graphene and Other Atomically Thin Pores Sahu, Subin; Di Ventra, Massimiliano; Zwolak, Michael arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1605.03134	text	January 2016
Highly Efficient Ion Rejection by Graphene Oxide Membranes via Ion-controlling Interlayer Spacing Chen, Liang; Shi, Guosheng; Shen, Jie arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1610.06369	preprint	January 2016
Perfect proton selectivity in ion transport through two-dimensional crystals Mogg, L.; Zhang, S.; Hao, G. -P. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1908.07852	text	January 2019
On-Surface Synthesis of a Nonplanar Porous Nanographene Xu, Kun; Urgel, José I.; Eimre, Kristjan American Chemical Society https://doi.org/10.7892/boris.141646	text	January 2019

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