Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • Review Article
  • Published:

Electron microscopy of frozen-hydrated biological material

A Corrigendum to this article was published on 01 April 1986

Abstract

The electron microscopy of frozen-hydrated specimens has the potential to allow biological material to be examined in conditions very similar to the native state, and so has excited considerable interest. Although not all of the problems associated with the method have been solved, the technique has already provided important insights into macromolecular structure and assembly and promises to be a powerful tool for investigating the structure of cellular components and their interactions.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Buy this article

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Hoppe, W. Naturwissenschaffen 55, 65–74 (1968).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Parsons, D. F. Science 186, 407–414 (1974).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Dubochet, J. et al. J. phys. Chem. 82, 6727–6723 (1984).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Fernandez-Moran, H. Expl Cell Res. 3, 282–350 (1952).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Taylor, K. A. & Glaeser, R. M. Science 186, 1036–1037 (1974).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Taylor, K. A. & Glaeser, R. M. J. ultrastruct. Res. 55, 448–456 (1976).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Glaeser, R. M. & Taylor, K. A. J. Microsc. 112, 127–138 (1978).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Glaeser, R. M., Chiu, W. & Grano, D. J. ultrastruct. Res. 66, 235–242 (1979).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Lepault, J., Booy, F. P. & Dubochet, J. J. Microsc. 129, 89–102 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Milligan, R. A., Brisson, A. & Unwin, P. N. T. Ultramicroscopy 13, 1–10 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Dubochet, J. & McDowall, A. D. J. Microsc. 124, RP3–4 (1981).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Dubochet, J., Lepault, J., Freeman, R., Berriman, J. A. & Homo, J.-C. J. Microsc. 128, 219–237 (1982).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Bruggeller, P. & Mayer, E. Nature 288, 569–571 (1980).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. Jaffe, J. S. & Glaeser, R. M. Ultramicroscopy 13, 373–378 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Chang, C.-F., Ohno, T. & Glaeser, R. M. J. electr. microscop. Tech. 2, 59–65 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Adrian, M., Dubochet, J., Lepault, J. & McDowall, A. D. Nature 308, 32–36 (1984).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Lepault, J. & Leonard, K. J. molec. Biol. 182, 431–441 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Amos, L. A. & Klug, A. J. molec. Biol. 99, 51–73 (1975).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Lepault, J. J. Microsc. 140, 73–80 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Lepault, J., Pattus, F. & Martin, N. Biochim. biophys. Acta 820, 315–318 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Booy, F. P., Ruigrok, R. W. H. & van Bruggen, E. F. J. J. molec. Biol. 184, 667–676 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Earnshaw, W. C. & Casjens, S. R. Cell 21, 319–331 (1980).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Mandelkow, E.-M. & Mandelkow, E. J. molec. Biol. 181, 123–135 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Trinick, J., Cooper, J., Seymour, J. & Egelman, E. H. J. Microsc. 141, 349–360 (1986).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Stewart, M. & Lepault, J. J. Microsc. 138, 53–60 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Stewart, M. J. molec. Biol. 148, 411–425 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Stewart, M. Proc. R. Soc. B190, 257–266 (1975).

    ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Dubochet, J., Adrain, M., Lepault, J. & McDowall, A. D. Trends biochem. Sci. 10, 143–146 (1985).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Unwin, P. N. T. & Ennis, P. D. Nature 307, 609–611 (1984).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Unwin, P. N. T. & Ennis, P. D. J. Cell Biol. 97, 1459–1466 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Brisson, A. & Unwin, P. N. T. Nature 315, 474–477 (1985).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Brisson, A. & Unwin, P. N. T. J. Cell Biol. 99, 1202–1211 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Chang, C.-F., Mizushima, S. & Glaeser, R. M. Biophys. J. 47, 629–640 (1985).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Cohen, H. A., Jeng, T. W., Grant, R. A. & Chiu, W. Ultramicroscopy 13, 19–26 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Lepault, J. & Pitt, T. EMBO J. 3, 101–105 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Downing, K. H. Ultramicroscopy 13, 35–46 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Heuser, J. E. J. Cell Biol. 84, 560–583 (1980).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Dubochet, J., McDowall, A. D., Menge, B., Schmid, E. N. & Lickfeld, K. G. J. Bact. 155, 381–390 (1983).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. McDowall, A. W., Hofmann, W., Lepault, J., Adrain, M. & Dubochet, J. J. molec. Biol. 178, 105–111 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Chang, J. J. et al. J. Microsc. 132, 109–123 (1983).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. McDowall, A. D. et al. J. Microsc. 131, 1–9 (1983).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Henderson, R. & Glaeser, R. M. Ultramicroscopy 16, 139–150 (1985).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Lamvik, M. K., Kopf, D. A. & Robertson, J. D. Nature 301, 332–334 (1983).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Unwin, P. N. T. & Nuguruma, J. J. J. appl. Phys. 42, 3640–3641 (1971).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Talmon, Y., Davis, H. T., Scriver, L. E. & Thomas, E. L. J. Microsc. 117, 321–332 (1979).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Zeitler, E. (ed.) Cryomicroscopy and Radiation Damage (North Holland, Amsterdam, 1982).

  47. Dubochet, J., Chang, J.-J., Freeman, R., Lepault, J. & McDowall, A. D. Ultramicroscopy 10, 55–62 (1982).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Eusemann, R., Rose, H. & Dubochet, J. J. Microsc. 128, 239–249 (1982).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Klug, A., Crick, F. H. & Wyckoff, W. W. Acta cryst. 11, 199–213 (1958).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Erickson, H. P. & Klug, A. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B261, 105–118 (1971).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Glaeser, R. M. A. Rev. Phys. Chem. 36, 243–275 (1985).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Zeitler, E. & Barr, G. F. Expl Cell Res. 12, 44–65 (1957).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Stewart, M., Vigers, G. Electron microscopy of frozen-hydrated biological material. Nature 319, 631–636 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1038/319631a0

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/319631a0

This article is cited by

Comments

By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines. If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate.

Search

Quick links

Nature Briefing

Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily.

Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Sign up for Nature Briefing