Skip to main content
Log in

The Infusion of Relational Market Obligations into the Austrian Agenda—Some Lessons Learned from Economic Sociology

  • Published:
The Review of Austrian Economics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Given its dictum of market equilibrium, economics in general obviously does poorly in shouldering market dynamics. Pervading obligatory traits of the market (other than mere dyadic contracting) is yet another area where not much attention is devoted. Whereas the Austrian agenda fills the first of these voids in a most sophisticated manner, its current discourse appears as oblivious concerning the manner in which market exchange transforms into relational interconnected obligations. That is to say, exchange is hardly understood as an indispensable facet of durable market obligations such as relationships 'constituting the market', but exclusively as immediate entrepreneurial arbitrage. Apart from an outright peculiar failure to recognize some of its own roots in this regard this omission unnecessarily delimits the manner in which Austrians can proceed and deepen their market analysis. The principal idea of this paper is to scrutinize the manner in which relational market obligations can be introduced into Austrian reasoning by drawing on ideas from within economic sociology. Max Weber's dictum on market openness takes on a particular role in this regard. An adjacent contribution strived for is to let this scrutiny foreshadow the manner in which such a partial reconciliation of market ideas from within economic sociology and Austrian economics could proceed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Baker, W. E. (1981) “Markets as Networks: A Multimethod Study of Trading Networks in a Securities Market.” Northwestern University: A dissertation submitted to the graduate school in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy, Field of Sociology.

  • Boettke, P. J. (1998) “Rational Choice and Human Agency in Economics and Sociology: Exploring the Weber-Austrian Connection.” In: Giersch, H. (Ed) On the Merits and Limits of Markets, pp. 53-81. Berlin: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boettke, P. J. and Storr, V. H. (2000) “Post Classical Political Economy: Polity, Society and Economy in Weber, Mises and Hayek.” Paper presented at the SCANCOR workshop on Crossing Boundaries: Economics, Sociology and Organization Theory at Stanford University, September 30–October 1.

  • Coleman, J. S. (1988) “Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital.” American Journal of Sociology, 94(Suppl): 95-120.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coleman, J. S. (1990) Foundations of Social Theory. Cambridge: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cook, K. S. (1977) “Exchange and Power in Networks of Interorganizational Relations.” The Sociologist Quarterly, 18(Winter): 62-82.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cook, K. S. and Emerson, R. M. (1978) “Power, Equity and Commitment in Exchange Networks.” American Sociological Review, 43: 721-739.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cook, K. S. and Emerson, R. M. (1984) “Exchange Networks and the Analysis of Complex Organizations.” Research in the Sociology of Organizations, 3: 1-30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Demsetz, H. (1992) The Emerging Theory of the Firm. Uppsala: Uppsala Universitet.

    Google Scholar 

  • Easton, G. (1992) “Industrial Networks: A Review.” In: Axelsson, B. and Easton, G. (Eds) Industrial Networks: A New View of Reality, pp. 3-27. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Emerson, R. M. (1962) “Power-Dependence Relations.” American Sociological Review, 27: 31-41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Emerson, R. M. (1972) “Exchange Theory, Part I+II: A Psychological Basis for Social Exchange + Exchange Relations and Network Structures,” In: Berger, J., Zeldith M. Jr, and Anderson, B. (Eds) Sociological Theories in Progress, pp. 38-87. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gerlach, M. L. (1992) Alliance Capitalism: The Social Organization of Japanese Business. Berkeley, Los Angeles and London: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gloria-Palermo, S. (1999) The Evolution of Austrian Economics: From Menger to Lachmann. London and New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grabher, G. (1993) “Rediscovering the Social in the Economics of Interfirm Relations.” In: Grabher, G. (Ed) The Embedded Firm: On the Socioeconomics of Industrial networks, pp. 1-31. London and New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Granovetter, M. (1985) “Economic Action and Social Structure: The Problem of Embeddedness.” American Journal of Sociology, 91(No. 3): 3-11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Granovetter, M. (1990) “The Old and the New Economic Sociology: A History and an Agenda.” In: Friedland, R. and Robertson, A. F. (Eds) Beyond the Marketplace: Rethinking Economy and Society, pp. 89-112. New York: Aldine de Gruyter.

    Google Scholar 

  • Håkansson, H. and Snehota, I. (1995) Developing Relationships in Business Networks. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayek, F. A. [1948 (1937)] Economics and Knowledge. Reprinted in Individualism and Economic Order, pp. 33–56. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

  • Hayek, F. A. [1948 (1946)] The Meaning of Competition. Reprinted in Individualism and Economic Order, pp. 92–106. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

  • Hertz, S. (1993) The Internationalization Processes of Freight Transport Companies. Stockholm: The Economic Research Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kirzner, I. M. (1973) Competition and Entrepreneurship. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kirzner, I. M. (1979) Perception, Opportunity, and Profit: Studies in the Theory of Entrepreneurship. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kirzner, I.M. (1992) The Meaning of Market Process: Essays in the Development of Modern Austrian Economics. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lachmann, L. M. (1971) The Legacy of Max Weber. Berkeley: The Glendessary Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Langlois, R. (1992) “Orders and Organizations: Toward an Austrian Theory of Social Institutions.” In: Caldwell, B. J. and Boehm, S. (Eds) Austrian Economics: Tensions and New Directions, pp. 165-183. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Langlois, R. (1994a) “Risk and Uncertainty.” In: Boettke, P. J. (Ed) The Elgar Companion to Austrian Economics, pp. 118-122. Aldershot: Edwin Elgar Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Langlois, R. (1994b) “The “New” Institutional Economics.” In: Boettke, P. J. (Ed) The Elgar Companion to Austrian Economics, pp. 535-540. Aldershot: Edwin Elgar Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Loasby, B. J. (1992) “Market Co-ordination.” In: Caldwell, B. J. and Boehm, S. (Eds), Austrian Economics: Tensions and New Directions, pp. 137-156. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lorrain, F. and White, H. C. (1971) “Structural Equivalence of Individuals in Social Networks.” Journal of Mathematical Sociology, 1: 49-80.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liljenberg, A. (2001) Customer-Geared Competition: A Socio-Austrian Explanation of Tertius Gaudens. Stockholm: The Economic Research Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Macaulay, S. (1963) “Non-Contractual Relations in Business: A Preliminary Study.” American Sociological Review, 28: 55-67.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mattsson, L.-G. (1995) “Firms, “Megaorganizations” and Markets: A Network View.” Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics, 151/4: 760-766.

    Google Scholar 

  • Milgrom, P. and Roberts, J. (1992) Economics, Organization and management. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mises, L. [1963 (1949)] Human Action: A Treatise on Economics. San Fransisco: Fox & Wilkes.

    Google Scholar 

  • O'Driscoll G. P. Jr. and Rizzo, M. J. [1996 (1985)] The Economics of Time and Ignorance. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Perloff, J. M. (2000) Microeconomics: Incentives in an Imperfect World. Addison-Wesley.

  • Portes, A. (1995) “Economic Sociology and the Sociology of Immigration: A Conceptual Overview.” In: Portes, A. (Ed) The Economic Sociology of Immigration: Essays on Networks, Ethnicity, and Entrepreneurship, pp. 1-41. New York: Russel Sage Foundation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Portes, A. and Sensenbrenner, J. (1993) “Embeddedness and Immigration: Notes on the Social Determinants of Economic Action.” American Journal of Sociology, 98(No. 6): 1320-1350.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ricketts, M. (1992) “Kirzner's Theory of Entrepreneurship—A Critique.” In: Caldwell, B. J. and Boehm, S. (Eds) Austrian Economics: Tensions and New Directions, pp. 67-84. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rizzo, M. (1992) “Afterword: Austrian Economics for the Twenty-First Century.” In: Caldwell, B. J. and Boehm, S. (Eds) Austrian Economics: Tensions and New Directions, pp. 245-255. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rutherford, M. (1989) “Some Issues in the Comparison of Austrian and Institutional Economics.” Research in the History of Economic Thought and Methodology, 6: 159-172.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rutherford, M. [1996 (1994)] Institutions in Economics: The Old and the New Institutionalism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smelser, N. J. and Swedberg, R. (1994) “The Sociological Perspective on the Economy.” In: Smelser, N. J. and Swedberg, R. (Eds) The Handbook of Economic Sociology, pp. 3-26. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, P. C. and Laage-Hellman, J. (1992) “Small Group Analysis in Industrial Networks.” In: Axelsson, B. and Easton, G. (Eds), Industrial Networks: A New View of Reality, pp. 37-61. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Swedberg, R. (1998) Max Weber and the Idea of Economic Sociology. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Swedberg, R. and Granovetter, M. (1992) “Introduction.” In: Granovetter, M. and Swedberg, R. (Eds) The Sociology of Economic Life, pp. 1-26. Boulder, San Francisco and Oxford: Westview Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vanberg, V. (1994) “Social Contract Theory.” In: Boettke, P. J. (Ed) The Elgar Companion to Austrian Economics, pp. 337-342. Aldershot: Edwin Elgar Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vaughn, K. I. [1998 (1994)] Austrian Economics in America: The Migration of a Tradition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weber, M. [1968 (1922)] Economy and Society Roth, G. and Wittich, C. (Eds.) Berkeley: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weber, M. [1927 (1923)] General Economic History. New York: Greenberg Publisher

    Google Scholar 

  • Williamson, O. (1975) Markets and Hierarchies: Analysis and Antitrust Implications. New York: The Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williamson, O. (1987) Antitrust Economics: Mergers, Contracting, and Strategic Behavior. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Witt, U. (1992) “Turning Austrian Economics into an Evolutionary Theory.” In: Caldwell, B. J. and Boehm, S. (Eds.) Austrian Economics: Tensions and New Directions, pp. 215-236. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wrong, D. (1961) “The Oversocialized Conception of Man in Modern Sociology.” American Sociological Review, 26(No. 2): 183-193.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wieser, F. A. [1927 (1914)] Social Economics. New York: Augustus M. Kelley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zafirovski, M. (1999) “Economic Sociology in Retrospect and Prospect: In Search of its Identity within Economics and Sociology.” American Journal of Economics and Sociology, 58(No. 4): 583-627.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Liljenberg, A. The Infusion of Relational Market Obligations into the Austrian Agenda—Some Lessons Learned from Economic Sociology. The Review of Austrian Economics 17, 115–133 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:RAEC.0000011339.37957.49

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:RAEC.0000011339.37957.49

Navigation