Abstract
The purpose of this article is to explore how molecular imaging techniques can be used as useful adjunts in the development of “nanomedicine” and in personalizing treatment of patients. The discussion focuses on in vivo applications at the whole organism level even though imaging can also play an important role in research at the cellular and subcellular level.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
K.C. Li, Acad. Radiol. 9, 999–1003 (2002).
J. Drews and S. Ryser, Nature Biotechnol. 15, 1318–1319 (1997).
A.M. Hillery, in Drug Delivery and Targeting for Pharmacists and Pharmaceutical Scientists, edited by A.M. Hillery, A.W. Lloyd and J. Swarbrick (Taylor & Francis, London, UK, 2001), pp. 1–48.
A. Bischof Delaloye, Semin. Nucl. Med. 30, 186–194 (2000).
D.M. Goldenberg, Cancer 80(suppl 12), 2431–2435 (1997).
T. Coons, Radiol. Technol. 67, 39–60 (1995).
G.S. Ginsburg and J.J. McCarthy, Trends Biotechnol. 19, 491–496 (2001).
G.D. Luker and D. Piwnica-Worms, Acad. Radiol. 8, 4–14 (2001).
E. Krenning, D. Kwekkeboom, W. Bakker, W.A. Breeman, P.P. Kooij, H.Y. Oei, M. van Hagen, P.T. Postema, M. de Jong, and J.C. Reubi, Eur. J. Nucl. Med. 20, 716–731 (1993).
G. Jerusalem, R. Hustinx, Y. Beguin, and G. Fillet, Eur. J. Cancer 39, 1525–1534 (2003).
C. Hoekstra, I. Paglianiti, O. Hoekstra, E.F. Smit, P.E. Postmus, G.J. Teule, and A.A. Lammerstsma, Eur. J. Nucl. Med. 27, 731–743 (2000).
N. Carrasco, Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1154, 65–82 (1993).
J.G. Tjuvajev, A. Joshi, J. Callegari, L. Lindsley, R. Joshi, J. Balatoni, R. Finn, S.M. Larson, M. Sadelan, and R.G. Blasberg, Neoplasia 4, 315–320 (1999).
J.P. Northrop, M. Bednarski, S.O. Barbieri, A.T. Lu, D. Nguyen, J. Varadaraja, M. Osen, K.C. Li, and J. Star-Lack, Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging 30, 1292–1298 (2003).
A.R. Padhani, J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 16, 407–422 (2002).
G.D. Demetri, M. von Mehren, C.D. Blanke, A.D. Van den Abbele, B. Eisenberg, P.J. Roberts, M.C. Heinrich, D.A. Tuveson, S. Singer, M. Janicek, J.A. Fletcher, S.G. Silverman, S.L. Silberman, R. Capdeville, B. Kiese, B. Peng, S. Dimitrijevic, B.J. Druker, C. Corless, C.D. Fletcher, and H. Joensuu, N. Engl. J. Med. 347, 472–480 (2002).
K.C.P. Li (Guest Editor), J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 16, 333–483 (2002).
R.G. Blasberg and J.G. Tjuvajev, J. Clin. Invest. 111, 1620–1629 (2003).
T.F. Massoud and S.S. Gambhir, Genes and Development 17, 545–580 (2003).
H.C. Loughrey, L.S. Choi, K.F. Wong, P.R. Cullis, and M.B. Bally, in Liposome Technology, edited by G. Gregoriadis, Vol. III (CRC Press, London, 1993), pp. 163–177.
J.H. Senior, Crit. Rev. Therap. Drug Carrier Syst. 3, 123–193 (1987).
A.A. Gabizon, Cancer Invest. 19, 424–436 (2001).
R.W. Storrs, F.D. Tropper, H.Y. Li, C.K. Song, J.K. Kuniyoshi, D.A. Sipkins, K.C.P. Li, and M.D. Bednarski, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 117, 7301–7306 (1995).
G. Bergers and L.E. Benjamin, Nat. Rev. Cancer 3, 401–410 (2003).
R.K. Jain, L.L. Munn, and D. Fukumura, Nat. Rev. Cancer 2, 266–276 (2003).
K. Greish, J. Fang, T. Inutsuka, A. Kagamitsu, and H. Maeda, Clin. Pharmacokinet. 42, 1089–1105 (2003).
D.M. McDonald and P. Baluk, Cancer Res. 62, 5381–5385 (2002).
S.D. Conner and S.L. Schmid, Nature 422, 37–44 (2003).
R. Savic, L. Luo, A. Eisenberg, and D. Maysinger, Science 300, 615–618 (2003).
R.W. Storrs, F.D. Tropper, H.Y. Li, C.K. Song, D.A. Sipkins, J.K. Kuniyoshi, M.D. Bednarski, H.W. Strauss, and K.C. Li, J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 5, 719–724 (1995).
D.A. Sipkins, D.A. Cheresh, M.R. Kazemi, L.M. Nevin, M.D. Bednarski, and K.C.P. Li, Nat. Med. 4, 623–626 (1998).
J.D. Hood, M.D. Bednarski, R. Frausto, S. Guccione, R.A. Reisfeld, R. Xiang, and D.A. Cheresh, Science 296, 2404–2407 (2002).
P. Carmeliet, Nat. Med. 9, 653–660 (2003).
G. Kong, R.D. Braun, and M.W. Dewhirst, Cancer Res. 61, 3027–3032 (2001).
J.L. Nelson, B.L. Roeder, J.C. Carmen, F. Roloff, and W.G. Pitt, Cancer Res. 62, 7280–7283 (2002).
M.D. Bednarski, J.W. Lee, M.R. Callstrom, and K.C. Li, Radiology 204, 263–268 (1997).
Who'd want to work in a team? Nature 424, 1 (2003).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Li, K.C., Pandit, S.D., Guccione, S. et al. Molecular Imaging Applications in Nanomedicine. Biomedical Microdevices 6, 113–116 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:BMMD.0000031747.05317.81
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:BMMD.0000031747.05317.81