Abstract
Many ad hoc network protocols and applications assume the knowledge of geographic location of nodes. The absolute position of each networked node is an assumed fact by most sensor networks which can then present the sensed information on a geographical map. Finding position without the aid of GPS in each node of an ad hoc network is important in cases where GPS is either not accessible, or not practical to use due to power, form factor or line of sight conditions. Position would also enable routing in sufficiently isotropic large networks, without the use of large routing tables. We are proposing APS – a localized, distributed, hop by hop positioning algorithm, that works as an extension of both distance vector routing and GPS positioning in order to provide approximate position for all nodes in a network where only a limited fraction of nodes have self positioning capability.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
P. Bahl and V.N. Padmanabhan, Radar: An in-building rf-based user location and tracking system, in: IEEE INFOCOM, Tel Aviv, Israel, 2000.
P. Bose, P. Morin, I. Stojmenovic and J. Urrutia, Routing with guaranteed delivery in ad hoc wireless networks, in: 3rd International Workshop on Discrete Algorithms and Methods for Mobile Computing and Communications, Seattle, WA, 1999.
N. Bulusu, J. Heidemann and D. Estrin, GPS-less low cost outdoor localization for very small devices, IEEE Personal Communications Magazine, Special Issue on Smart Spaces and Environments (2000).
S. Capkun, M. Hamdi and J. Hubaux, GPS-free positioning in mobile ad-hoc networks, in: Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, HICSS-34, Outrigger Wailea Resort, 2001.
L. Doherty, L.E. Ghaoui and K.S.J. Pister, Convex position estimation in wireless sensor networks, in: IEEE INFOCOM, Anchorage, AK, 2001.
G. Finn, Routing and addressing problems in large metropolitan-scale internetworks, Technical Report, ISI Research Report ISI/RR-87-180, University of Southern California (1987).
J. Hill, R. Szewczyk, A. Woo, S. Hollar, D. Culler and K. Pister, System architecture directions for networked sensors, in: ASPLOS-IX, Cambridge, MA, 2000.
B. Horn, H.M. Hilden and S. Negahdaripour, Closed form solution of absolute orientation using orthonormal matrices, Journal of the Optical Society of America 5 (1998) 1127–1135.
Y.-B. Ko and N.H. Vaidya, Location-aided routing (LAR) in mobile ad hoc networks, in: Mobi-Com'98, 1998.
J.C. Navas and T. Imielinski, Geographic addressing and routing, in: MobiCom'97, Budapest, Hungary, 1997.
D. Niculescu and B. Nath, Ad hoc positioning system (APS), Technical Report DCS-TR-435, Department of Computer Science, Rutgers University (2001).
B. Parkinson and J. Spilker, Global Positioning System: Theory and Application (American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1996).
N. Priyantha, A. Chakraborty and H. Balakrishnan, The cricket location-support system, in: ACM MOBICOM, Boston, MA, 2000.
C. Savarese, J. Rabaey and K. Langendoen, Robust positioning algorithms for distributed ad-hoc wireless sensor networks, Technical Report, Delft University of Technology (2001).
A. Savvides, C.-C. Han and M. Srivastava, Dynamic fine-grained localization in ad-hoc networks of sensors, in: ACM MOBICOM, Rome, Italy, 2001.
I. Stojmenovic and X. Lin, Gedir: Loop-free location based routing in wireless networks, in: International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing and Systems, Boston, MA, 1999, pp. 1025–1028.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Niculescu, D., Nath, B. DV Based Positioning in Ad Hoc Networks. Telecommunication Systems 22, 267–280 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023403323460
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023403323460