Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations of Li x Mn2O4 (0 < x ≤ 1) spinel solid solutions were carried out with the use of simple pair potentials available in the literature. The results demonstrate that computer simulations using the existing potentials with an exponential repulsion term fail to adequately reproduce appreciable Li+ mobility in a stable (near-zero mobility of the manganese and oxygen ions) crystalline phase. Lennard-Jones potentials make it possible to simulate such a phase at high temperatures (on the order of 1000 K).
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Thackeray, M.M., Manganese Oxides for Lithium Batteries, Prog. Solid State Chem., 1997, vol. 25, no. 1/2, pp. 1-71.
Darling, R. and Newman, J., Dynamic Monte Carlo Simulations of Diffusion in LiyMn2O4, J. Electrochem. Soc., 1999, vol. 146, no. 10, pp. 3765-3772.
Liquan Chen and Schoonman, J., Polycrystalline, Glassy, and Thin Films of LiMn2O4, Solid State Ionics, 1993, vol. 67, no. 1/2, pp. 17-23.
Liquan Chen, Xuejie Huang, Kolder, E., and Schoonman,??J., Diffusion Enhancement in LixMn2O4, Solid State Ionics, 1995, vol. 76, no. 1/2, pp. 91-96.
Molenda, J. and Kucza, W., Transport Properties of LixMn2O4, Solid State Ionics, 1999, vol. 117, no. 1/2, pp.?41-46.
Cygan, R.T., Westrich, H.R., and Doughty, D.H., Ionic Modeling of Lithium Manganese Spinel Materials for Use in Rechargeable Batteries, Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 1995, vol. 393, pp. 113-118.
Ammundsen, B., Rozi ère, J., and Saiful Islam, M., Atomistic Simulation Studies of Lithium and Proton Insertion in Spinel Lithium Manganates, J. Phys. Chem., 1997, vol. 101, no. 41, pp. 8156-8163.
Gale, J.D., A Computer Program for the Symmetry-Adapted Simulation of Solids, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 1997, vol. 93, no. 4, pp. 629-637.
Lewis, G.V. and Catlow, C.R.A., Potential Models for Ionic Oxides, J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys., 1985, vol.?18, no. 6, pp. 1149-1161.
Sung-Woo Kim and Su-Il Pyun, Thermodynamic and Kinetic Approaches to Lithium Intercalation into a Li1???Mn2O4 Electrode Using Monte Carlo Simulation, Electrochim. Acta, 2001, vol. 46, no. 7, pp. 987-997.
Liu, W., Kowal, K., and Farrington, G.C., Mechanism of the Electrochemical Insertion of Lithium into LiMn2O4 Spinels, J. Electrochem. Soc., 1998, vol. 145, no. 2, pp.459-465.
Cygan, R.T., Westrich, H.R., and Doughty, D.H., Molecular Dynamics Study of Lithium Diffusion in Lithium- Manganese Spinel Cathode Materials, Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 1998, vol. 496, pp. 109-114.
Ken Suzuki, Yasunori Onumi, Seiichi Takami, et al., Structural Properties of LixMn2O4 as Investigated by Molecular Dynamics and Density Functional Theory, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 1, 2000, vol. 39, no. 7B, pp.?4318-4322.
Gotlib, I.Yu., Murin, I.V., Piotrovskaya, E.M., and Brodskaya, E.N., Molecular Dynamics Simulations of PbF2 and BaF2 over a Wide Temperature Range, Vestn. St.-Peterburg Univ., Ser. 4: Fiz. Khim., 2000, issue 2, no. 12, pp. 62-80.
Gotlib, I.Yu., Murin, I.V., Piotrovskaya, E.M., and Brodskaya, E.N., Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Ba1 ??x GdxF2 + x Solid Solutions over a Wide Temperature Range: I. Thermodynamic and Transport Properties, Neorg. Mater., 2001, vol. 37, no. 9, pp. 1144-1148 [Inorg. Mater. (Engl. Transl.), vol. 37, no. 9, pp. 975-978].
Gotlib, I.Yu., Murin, I.V., Piotrovskaya, E.M., and Brodskaya, E.N., Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Ba1 - x GdxF2 + x Solid Solutions over a Wide Temperature Range: II. Structural Characteristics and Fluoride Ion Diffusion, Neorg. Mater., 2003, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 358-367 [Inorg. Mater. (Engl. Transl.), vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 291-298].
Mosbah, A., Verbaere, A., and Tournoux, M., Phases LixMnO2 ??rattachées au type spinelle, Mater. Res. Bull., 1983, vol. 18, no. 11, pp. 1375-1381.
Thackeray, M.M., Johnson, P.J., de Picciotto, L.A., et al., Electrochemical Extraction of Lithium from LiMn2O4, Mater. Res. Bull., 1984, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 179-187.
Kucza, W., Ionic Description of Intercalation in LixMn2O4 System, Solid State Ionics, 1999, vol. 124, no.1/2, pp. 125-131.
Guyomard, D. and Tarascon, J.M., Li Metal-Free Rechargeable LiMn2O4/Carbon Cells: Their Understanding and Optimization, J. Electrochem. Soc., 1992, vol. 139, no. 4, pp. 937-948.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gotlib, I.Y., Murin, I.V. & Piotrovskaya, E.M. Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Li x Mn2O4 Spinel Solid Solutions with Simple Potential Models. Inorganic Materials 39, 404–408 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023240118771
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023240118771