Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-22dnz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-28T11:13:09.328Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Influence of plane of nutrition on portal blood flow and the metabolic clearance rate of progesterone in ovariectomized gilts

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

G. R. Prime  and
H. W. Symonds
G. R. Prime
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
H. W. Symonds
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

The effects of plane of nutrition on blood flow in the portal vein (PBF) and on the rate of clearance of progesterone from the circulation (MCR) were measured for 14 or 24 h in six ovariectomized gilts given 1 or 3 kg of food per day. On a body weight basis, PBF was significantly increased by the increase in food intake from a mean for all gilts of 14·9 ml/kg.min (1·34 litres/min) on 1 kg to 21·6 ml·kg. min (1·96 litres/min) on 3 kg, a mean increase of 45 %. Metabolic clearance of progesterone was increased by a similar percentage, 47·1%, from 41·0 ml/kg.min (3·70 litres/min) to 60·3 ml/kg.min (5·67 litres/min) by the increase in food intake. Both MCR and PBF were lowest between 04.00 and 06.00 h, increasing after each feed except that when 3 kg/day was fed the MCR remained high throughout the period between meals. In two gilts, blood flow in both the portal vein and hepatic artery (HAF) was measured. The mean PBF and HAF for each pig were 40·6 and 5·8, and 32·4 and 35 ml/kg, min respectively. HAF was 11·2% of total hepatic blood flow.

Type
Animals
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 121 , Issue 3 , December 1993 , pp. 389 - 397
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Adams, K. L., Bazer, F. W. & Roberts, R. M. (1981). Progesterone-induced secretion of a retinol-binding protein in the pig uterus. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility 62, 39–47.Google Scholar
Anderson, D. M. (1974). The measurement of portal and hepatic blood flow in pigs. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 33, 30A.Google Scholar
Baird, D. T., Horton, R., Longcope, C. & Tait, J. F. (1969). Steroid dynamics under steady-state conditions. Recent Progress in Hormone Research 25, 611–664.Google Scholar
Bedford, C. A., Harrison, F. A. & Heap, R. B. (1972). The metabolic clearance rate and production rate of progesterone and the conversion of progesterone to 20a hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one in the sheep. Journal of Endocrinology 55, 105–118.Google Scholar
Bedford, C. A., Harrison, F. A. & Heap, R. B. (1974). Splanchnic, uterine, ovarian and adrenal uptake of progesterone and 20a-dihydroprogesterone in the pregnant and non-pregnant sheep. Journal of Endocrinology 62, 277–290.Google Scholar
Bleau, G., Roberts, K. D. & Chapdelaine, A. (1974). The in vitro and in vivo uptake and metabolism of steroids in human adipose tissue. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 39, 236–246.Google Scholar
Braude, R., Cutts, I. R., Myres, A. W. & Porter, J. W. G. (1970). Measurement of amino acid levels in portal blood plasma of pigs and of rate of portal blood flow. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 29, 60A.Google Scholar
Brinkley, H. J. & Young, E. P. (1968). Determination of the in vivo rate of progesterone secretion by the ovary of the pig during the luteal phase of the estrous cycle. Endocrinology 82, 203–208.Google Scholar
Christenson, R. K., Ford, J. J. & Redmer, D. A. (1985). Metabolic clearance and production rates of oestradiol and progesterone during pubertal and postpubertal development in gilts. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility 75, 247–253.Google Scholar
Christian, R. E., & Nofziger, J. C. (1952). Puberty and other reproductive phenomena in gilts as affected by plane of nutrition. Journal of Animal Science 11, 789.Google Scholar
Den Hartog, L. A. & Van Kempen, G. J. M. (1980). Relation between nutrition and fertility in pigs. Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 28, 211–227.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deslypere, J. P., Verdonck, L. & Vermeulen, A. (1985). Fat tissue: a steroid reservoir and site of steroid metabolism. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 61, 564–570.Google Scholar
Dyck, G. W. & Strain, J. H. (1983). Postmating feeding level effects on conception rate and embryonic survival in gilts. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 63, 579–585.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dyck, G. W., Palmer, W. M. & Simaraks, S. (1980). Progesterone and luteinizing hormone concentration in serum of pregnant gilts on different levels of feed consumption. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 60, 877–884.Google Scholar
Farrell, D. J., Jones, A. S., Webster, A. J. F. & White, F. (1974). Blood flow and free amino nitrogen (FAN) concentration in the portal vein of the pig. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 33, 32–33A.Google Scholar
Geisert, R. D., Renegar, R. H., Thatcher, W. W., Roberts, R. M. & Bazer, F. W. (1982). Establishment of pregnancy in the pig: I. Interrelationships between preimplantation development of the pig blastocyst and uterine endometrial secretions. Biology of Reproduction 27, 925–939.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heap, R. B., Bedford, C. A. & Linzell, J. L. (1975). Metabolic clearance rate, production rate and mammary uptake of progesterone in the goat. Journal of Endocrinology 64, 485–502.Google Scholar
Henry, R. W. (1985). The effects of nutrition on sow reproduction and piglet growth. PhD thesis, University of Leeds.Google Scholar
Holness, D. H. (1982). Ovarian morphology, plasma progesterone concentrations and early embryo survival in the sow. Animal Reproduction Science 5, 126–133.Google Scholar
Hughes, P. E., Henry, R. W. & Pickard, D. W. (1984). The effects of lactation food level on subsequent ovulation rate and early embryonic survival in the sow. Animal Production 38, 527.Google Scholar
Kirkwood, R. N. & Aherne, F. X. (1985). Energy intake, body composition and reproductive performance of the gilt. Journal of Animal Science 60, 1518–1529.Google Scholar
Kirkwood, R. N., Lythgoe, E. S. & Aherne, F. X. (1987). Effect of lactation feed intake and gonadotrophinreleasing hormone on the reproductive performance of sows. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 67, 715–719.Google Scholar
Little, B., Billiar, R. B., Rahman, S. S., Johnson, W. A., Takaoka, Y. & White, R. J. (1975). In vivo aspects of progesterone distribution and metabolism. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 123, 527—534.Google Scholar
Nowak, R. & Rodway, R. G. (1985). Effect of intravaginal implants of melatonin on the onset of ovarian activity in adult and prepubertal ewes. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility 74, 287–293.Google Scholar
Nunes, C. S., Rerat, A., Vaugelade, P. & Vaissade, P. (1987). Qualitative and quantitative intestinal absorption and hepatic metabolism in conscious pigs. 1. Glucose and amino nitrogen. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 46, 102A.Google Scholar
Parr, R. A., Davis, I. F., Fairclough, R. J. & Miles, M. A. (1987 a). Overfeeding during early pregnancy reduces peripheral progesterone concentration and pregnancy rate in sheep. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility 80, 317–320.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Parr, R. A., Davis, I. F., Miles, M. A., Squires, T. J. & Simpson, G. J. (1987 b). The influence of nutrition on the metabolic clearance rate of progesterone in the ovariectomised ewe. Proceedings of the Australian Society for Reproductive Biology 19, 132.Google Scholar
Parr, R. A., Davis, I. F., Miles, M. A. & Squires, T. J. (1990). Reduced progesterone in overfed ewes is related to liver blood flow and not increased enzyme activity. Proceedings of the Australian Society for Reproductive Biology 22, 48.Google Scholar
Pope, W. F. & First, N. L. (1985). Factors affecting the survival of pig embryos. Theriogenology 23, 91–105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Prime, G. R. (1988). The influence of level of food intake on progesterone concentrations and litter size in the pig. PhD thesis, University of Leeds.Google Scholar
Prime, G. R., Varley, M. A. & Symonds, H. W. (1988). The effect of food intake during lactation and early pregnancy on plasma progesterone concentrations and prolificacy in multiparous sows. Animal Production 46, 499.Google Scholar
Rerat, A. (1971). Measurement of blood flow in the portal vein by electromagnetic flowmeter in the pig. Annals of Biology and Animal Biochemistry and Biophysiology 11, 175–180.Google Scholar
Rerat, A. (1973). Tentative estimation of the amount of amino acids absorbed during digestion of a protein-free diet. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 32, 49–51A.Google Scholar
Rerat, A., Fiszlewicz, M., Giusi, A. & Vaugelade, P. (1987). Influence of meal frequency on postprandial variations in the production and absorption of volatile fatty acids in the digestive tract of conscious pigs. Journal of Animal Science 64, 448–456.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Senior, B. F., Cawood, M. L., Oakey, R. E., McKiddle, J. M. & Siddle, D. R. (1978). A comparison of the effects of Clomiphene and Tamoxifen on the concentrations of oestradiol and progesterone in the peripheral plasma of infertile women. Clinical Endocrinology 8, 381–389.Google Scholar
Stone, B. A., Johnson, D. W. & Seamark, R. F. (1986). Use of deuterium-labelled tracers to establish endogenous rates of production and clearance of progesterone during the peri-implantation period in gilts. Animal Reproduction 11, 273–281.Google Scholar
Thomas, D. L., Thomford, P. J., Crickman, J. G., Cobb, A. R. & Dzuik, P. J. (1987). Effects of plane of nutrition and phenobarbital during the pre-mating period on reproduction in ewes fed differentially during the summer and mated in the fall. Journal of Animal Science 64, 1144–1152.Google Scholar
Webel, S. K., Reimers, T. J. & Dzuik, P. J. (1975). The lack of relationship between plasma progesterone levels and number of embryos and their survival in the pig. Biology of Reproduction 13, 177–186.Google Scholar
Wettemann, R. P., Johnson, R. K. & Omtvedt, I. T. (1980). The relationships between plasma progesterone and LH and the numbers of corpora lutea and embryos in purebred and crossbred gilts. Journal of Animal Science 51, 1352–1357.Google Scholar
White, F., Webster, A. J. F., Farrell, D. J. & Jones, A. S. (1974). Measurement of portal blood flow in the pig by the continuous thermal dilution technique. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 33, 31–32AGoogle Scholar
Williams, A. H. & Cumming, I. A. (1982). Inverse relationship between concentration of progesterone and nutrition in ewes. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 98, 517–522.Google Scholar
Yen, J. T. & Killefer, J. (1987). A method for chronically quantifying net absorption of nutrients and gut metabolites into hepatic portal vein in conscious swine. Journal of Animal Science 64, 923–934.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed