Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of Maps
- List of Text-figures
- Preface
- CHAPTER XVII THE STRUGGLE FOR THE DOMINATION OF SYRIA (1400-1300 B.C.)
- CHAPTER XVIII ASSYRIA AND BABYLON, c. 1370-1300 B.C.
- CHAPTER XIX EGYPT: THE AMARNA PERIOD AND THE END OF THE EIGHTEENTH DYNASTY
- CHAPTER XX THE AMARNA LETTERS FROM PALESTINE
- CHAPTER XXI (a) ANATOLIA FROM SHUPPILULIUMASH TO THE EGYPTIAN WAR OF MUWATALLISH
- (b) UGARIT
- (c) TROY VII
- CHAPTER XXII (a) THE EXPANSION OF MYCENAEAN CIVILIZATION
- (b) CYPRUS IN THE LATE BRONZE AGE
- CHAPTER XXIII EGYPT: FROM THE INCEPTION OF THE NINETEENTH DYNASTY TO THE DEATH OF RAMESSES III
- CHAPTER XXIV THE HITTITES AND SYRIA (1300-1200 B.C.)
- CHAPTER XXV ASSYRIAN MILITARY POWER 1300-1200 B.C.
- CHAPTER XXVI (a) PALESTINE IN THE TIME OF THE NINETEENTH DYNASTY: THE EXODUS AND WANDERINGS
- (b) ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE
- CHAPTER XXVII THE RECESSION OF MYCENAEAN CIVILIZATION
- CHAPTER XXVIII THE SEA PEOPLES
- CHAPTER XXIX ELAM c. 1600-1200 B.C.
- CHAPTER XXX PHRYGIA AND THE PEOPLES OF ANATOLIA IN THE IRON AGE
- CHAPTER XXXI ASSYRIA AND BABYLONIA, c. 1200-1000 B.C.
- CHAPTER XXXII ELAM AND WESTERN PERSIA, c. 1200-1000 B.C.
- CHAPTER XXXIII SYRIA, THE PHILISTINES, AND PHOENICIA
- CHAPTER XXXIV THE HEBREW KINGDOM
- CHAPTER XXXV EGYPT: FROM THE DEATH OF RAMESSES III TO THE END OF THE TWENTY-FIRST DYNASTY
- CHAPTER XXXVI THE END OF MYCENAEAN CIVILIZATION AND THE DARK AGE
- CHAPTER XXXVII THE WESTERN MEDITERRANEAN
- CHAPTER XXXVIII GREEK SETTLEMENT IN THE EASTERN AEGEAN AND ASIA MINOR
- CHAPTER XXXIX (a) THE PREHISTORY OF THE GREEK LANGUAGE
- CHAPTER XXXIX (b) THE HOMERIC POEMS AS HISTORY
- CHAPTER XL THE RELIGION AND MYTHOLOGY OF THE GREEKS
- BIBLIOGRAPHIES
- Chronological Tables
- Index to Maps
- General Index
- Map 1. Ancient Asia Minor and Northern Mesopotamia
- Map 3. Distribution of Mycenaean sites and remains in Greece and the Aegean
- Map 14. The Western Mediterranean
- References
CHAPTER XXXIII - SYRIA, THE PHILISTINES, AND PHOENICIA
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 March 2008
Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of Maps
- List of Text-figures
- Preface
- CHAPTER XVII THE STRUGGLE FOR THE DOMINATION OF SYRIA (1400-1300 B.C.)
- CHAPTER XVIII ASSYRIA AND BABYLON, c. 1370-1300 B.C.
- CHAPTER XIX EGYPT: THE AMARNA PERIOD AND THE END OF THE EIGHTEENTH DYNASTY
- CHAPTER XX THE AMARNA LETTERS FROM PALESTINE
- CHAPTER XXI (a) ANATOLIA FROM SHUPPILULIUMASH TO THE EGYPTIAN WAR OF MUWATALLISH
- (b) UGARIT
- (c) TROY VII
- CHAPTER XXII (a) THE EXPANSION OF MYCENAEAN CIVILIZATION
- (b) CYPRUS IN THE LATE BRONZE AGE
- CHAPTER XXIII EGYPT: FROM THE INCEPTION OF THE NINETEENTH DYNASTY TO THE DEATH OF RAMESSES III
- CHAPTER XXIV THE HITTITES AND SYRIA (1300-1200 B.C.)
- CHAPTER XXV ASSYRIAN MILITARY POWER 1300-1200 B.C.
- CHAPTER XXVI (a) PALESTINE IN THE TIME OF THE NINETEENTH DYNASTY: THE EXODUS AND WANDERINGS
- (b) ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE
- CHAPTER XXVII THE RECESSION OF MYCENAEAN CIVILIZATION
- CHAPTER XXVIII THE SEA PEOPLES
- CHAPTER XXIX ELAM c. 1600-1200 B.C.
- CHAPTER XXX PHRYGIA AND THE PEOPLES OF ANATOLIA IN THE IRON AGE
- CHAPTER XXXI ASSYRIA AND BABYLONIA, c. 1200-1000 B.C.
- CHAPTER XXXII ELAM AND WESTERN PERSIA, c. 1200-1000 B.C.
- CHAPTER XXXIII SYRIA, THE PHILISTINES, AND PHOENICIA
- CHAPTER XXXIV THE HEBREW KINGDOM
- CHAPTER XXXV EGYPT: FROM THE DEATH OF RAMESSES III TO THE END OF THE TWENTY-FIRST DYNASTY
- CHAPTER XXXVI THE END OF MYCENAEAN CIVILIZATION AND THE DARK AGE
- CHAPTER XXXVII THE WESTERN MEDITERRANEAN
- CHAPTER XXXVIII GREEK SETTLEMENT IN THE EASTERN AEGEAN AND ASIA MINOR
- CHAPTER XXXIX (a) THE PREHISTORY OF THE GREEK LANGUAGE
- CHAPTER XXXIX (b) THE HOMERIC POEMS AS HISTORY
- CHAPTER XL THE RELIGION AND MYTHOLOGY OF THE GREEKS
- BIBLIOGRAPHIES
- Chronological Tables
- Index to Maps
- General Index
- Map 1. Ancient Asia Minor and Northern Mesopotamia
- Map 3. Distribution of Mycenaean sites and remains in Greece and the Aegean
- Map 14. The Western Mediterranean
- References
Summary
THE SEA PEOPLES IN PALESTINE
In the early twelfth century B.C. Syria and Palestine were flooded by an irruption of peoples from the coasts and islands of the northern Mediterranean. Unfortunately, we cannot fix the exact date of this invasion, since our chief pertinent sources are the reliefs and accompanying inscriptions of Ramesses III at Medinet Habu; the former are schematic and undated, while the latter consist almost exclusively of triumphal poems in a stereotyped and bombastic style. Moreover, the date of the reign of Ramesses III is uncertain within a possible range of a generation and a probable range of a decade, but the earliest and latest possible dates for his accession are now considered to have been about 1205 and 1180, respectively. To judge from the monuments, it would appear that the first attack on Egypt came by sea and land not long before the sixth year of the king. The first land onslaught is said to have been beaten back in Phoenicia (Djahy). The great triumphal inscription of the eighth year was composed in glorification of the second naval victory; land operations are also mentioned, but it is not clear how successful they really were.
While the inscription of the eighth year makes it certain that the Egyptians connected this migration with the movement which had brought an abrupt end to the Hittite Empire, it seems evident that they were both part of a greater upheaval. The Hittite Empire was overthrown by land peoples who struck deep into the heart of Anatolia and are said in the inscriptions of the Assyrian king Tiglath-pileser I to have reached south-western Armenia about 1165 B.C. The migration with which we are concerned here included five different peoples, at least two of whom are represented as fighting in ships, some manned by warriors with feathered helmets while others have only warriors with low, horned helmets.
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- The Cambridge Ancient History , pp. 507 - 536Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 1975
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