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6 - Frontal lobe

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 August 2009

David L. Clark ,
Nashaat N. Boutros  and
Mario F. Mendez
David L. Clark
Affiliation:
Ohio State University
Nashaat N. Boutros
Affiliation:
Yale University, Connecticut
Mario F. Mendez
Affiliation:
University of California, Los Angeles
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Summary

The elusive functions of the frontal lobe continue to fascinate the neuroscientist and the neuropsychologist. The frontal lobe is impressively developed in humans and makes up more than one-third of the entire cortical area (Damasio and Anderson, 1993). It controls actions of our body through its motor areas. It also appears to be responsible for shaping our attitudes and organizing our repertoire of behaviors through the actions of the prefrontal areas. Functions that are hallmarks of human behavior, such as intentionality, self-regulation, and self-awareness, are thought to be under the executive control of the frontal lobe.

An ongoing controversy among the prefrontal cortex researchers is whether this region contains regions with discrete functions subservient to an overall executive module that provides an integrated output of the system, or whether the entire prefrontal region is involved in this integrative function. The latter hypothesis requires the neural modules of the prefrontal regions to be highly dynamic. Evidence for both theories exists and the truth is likely to have elements of both schemas where both specialization and versatility contribute to the proper functioning of this most fascinating of brain regions. Different competing, and not necessarily mutually exclusive, theories will be introduced in this chapter.

Anatomical subdivisions

The frontal lobe lies rostral (anterior) to the central sulcus and is made up of three anatomically distinct regions: the dorsolateral aspect, the medial aspect, and the orbital (inferior) aspect.

Type
Chapter
Information
The Brain and Behavior
An Introduction to Behavioral Neuroanatomy
 , pp. 70 - 101
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2005

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