Redox regulation of the insulin signalling pathway
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open access
Keywords
H2O2
Redox regulation
ROS
Insulin signalling
Cysteine post-translational modification
FOXO
NRF2
Type-2 diabetes
Abbreviations
ARE
antioxidant response element
BCNU
bis-chloroethyl nitrosourea
EGF
endothelial growth factor
EGFR
endothelial growth factor receptor
FOXO
forkhead box class O
G6PD
glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
GK
glucokinase
Grx
glutaredoxin
GSH
glutathione
GSSG
glutathione disulphide (oxidised glutathione)
GPX
glutathione peroxidase
GR
glutathione reductase
GST
glutathione S-transferase
GSK3β
glycogen synthase kinase-3β
H2O2
hydrogen peroxide
HFD
high fat diet
IGF
insulin-like growth factor
IR
insulin receptor
IRS
insulin receptor substrate
keap1
kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1
KO
knock-out
NOX
NADPH oxidase
NRF2
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
PDK
3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase
PI3K
phosphoinositide 3-kinase
PIP2
phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate
PIP3
phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate
PKB
protein kinase B (also known as AKT)
PDGF
platelet-derived growth factor
PDGFR
platelet-derived growth factor receptor
PTEN
phosphate and tensin homolog
PTM
post-translational modification
PTP
protein tyrosine phosphatase
ROS
reactive oxygen species
SOD
superoxide dismutase
SREBP
sterol regulatory element-binding protein
Trx
thioredoxin
TrxR
thioredoxin reductase
T2D
type-2 diabetes
WT
wild-type
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© 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.