Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine
Original ArticleMagnetic nanoparticles as a drug delivery system that enhance fungicidal activity of polyene antibiotics
Graphical Abstract
Overall properties and applications of synthesized magnetic nanoparticles coated by amphotericin B (red balls) or nystatin (blue balls) or their mixture against Candida cells.
Section snippets
Synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles functionalized by polyene antibiotics
Magnetic nanoparticles were obtained using a well-known modification of the Massart methods which is based on the co-precipitation of iron chloride salts (FeCl2⋅4H2O and FeCl3⋅6H2O) under treatment by ammonium hydroxide (25%).32 Core–shell magnetic nanostructures with terminal propylo-amine groups were synthesized according to previously described modification of Stöber methods.33 Immobilization of polyene antibiotics onto the surface of nanoparticles was achieved by reaction between the
Nanoparticle characterization
The obtained magnetic nanoparticles were characterized by ATR FT-IR spectroscopy. Figure 1, A shows the ATR FT-IR spectra of bare magnetic nanoparticles (MNP), aminosilane coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNP@NH2), AMF and magnetic nanoparticles functionalized by AMF (MNP@AMF) as well as NYS and magnetic nanoparticles functionalized by nystatin MNP@NYS. In all samples the presence of a magnetic core is indicated by a band between 536 and 562 cm−1, which corresponds to the Fe–O stretching mode of
Discussion
The ability of nanoparticles to penetrate microorganisms cell membranes and biofilm networks opens a gate for the development of new methods to treat and prevent microbial infections. Recent data suggest that certain properties of metal nanoparticles, such as the induction of oxidative stress as well as membrane activity, are potentially useful qualities to develop new antifungal agents.46 The application of nanotechnology to provide new methods of fungal infection treatment involves silver,
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This work was supported by the National Science Center, Poland under grants UMO-2012/07/B/NZ6/03504 (to R.B.) and UMO-2014/15/D/NZ6/02665 (to K.N.). In 2016 dr K. Niemirowicz was awarded by fellowship from Foundation for Polish Science (FNP). The equipment used for analysis in the Center of Synthesis and Analysis BioNanoTechno of University of Bialystok was funded by EU, as part of the Operational Program Development of Eastern Poland 2007-2013, project: POPW.01.03.00-20-034/09-00.
The authors declare no competing interests.