Microbial Management of Plant Stresses

Microbial Management of Plant Stresses

Current Trends, Application and Challenges
2021, Pages 235-250
Microbial Management of Plant Stresses

Chapter 16 - Impact of abiotic stress on the root growth and development

https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-85193-0.00016-4Get rights and content

Abstract

Root development is a complex process and has been shown to be regulated by several biotic and abiotic factors. The root morphology prominently affects the healthy growth and yield of plants. Roots assist in the uptake of water and nutrients, provide support to plants, help in interaction with beneficial microbes, etc. The root morphology comprises of various aspects such as primary root length, secondary roots, tertiary root growth, root hairs, and root thickness. The biotic factors affecting root development are microbes, insects, weeds, etc.; however, many abiotic elements are also involved in modulating root growth. The major abiotic factors are light, phytohormones, water, nutrient content, temperature, pH, etc. They vary from place to place and also in different ecosystems. In this drastically changing climate, abiotic factors are severely influencing the plant growth and development. In the current review, we have attempted to summarize the effects of principal abiotic factors on root growth which further shape plant fitness and productivity. The major points mentioned here are about the impacts of phytohormones, light quality and quantity, cold and hot temperature stress, drought and flooding, reactive oxygen species stress, and other abiotic factors. Some strategies and techniques adopted for root phenotyping have also been reported.

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