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Diferencias interindividuales en las concentraciones de cortisol plasmático tras una hora de ejercicio mixto aeróbico-anaeróbico

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Resumen

Introducción y objetivos

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar las diferencias en la concentración plasmática de cortisol tras la realización de un esfuerzo mixto, aeróbicoanaeróbico, en un grupo de jóvenes físicamente activos.

Métodos

Catorce voluntarios realizaron, en un cicloergómetro, 40 min de ejercicio a la intensidad correspondiente al 50% del pico individual de consumo de oxígeno, manteniendo el ritmo de pedaleo a 60 revoluciones/min. Durante el mismo, se intercalaron 4 fases de 30 s con una carga de 0,04 kg por kilo de masa corporal en los minutos 10, 20, 30 y 40. Tras estos primeros minutos, pedaleaban durante 20 min a la máxima velocidad posible frente a una carga constante correspondiente al 50% del consumo de oxígeno. Se controlaron los parámetros cardiorrespiratorios y se recogieron muestras sanguíneas al inicio de la prueba, cada 10 min durante el ejercicio y a los 15 min de la recuperación.

Resultados

Las respuestas cardiopulmonar y metabólica fueron muy homogéneas, con un aumento de los valores de cortisol a lo largo de la prueba (F = 5,16; p < 0,001) que presentó diferencias entre los sujetos (F = 6,74; p < 0,001). En 8 participantes (57,1% de la muestra) se observó un aumento, y en 6 (42,9%) los cambios fueron pequeños con respecto a los valores previos al inicio de la prueba.

Conclusión

A pesar de haber evaluado un grupo homogéneo, se observaron diferencias interindividuales en la concentración plasmática de cortisol tras la realización de un esfuerzo mixto, lo que puede tener implicaciones en la adaptación provocada por el ejercicio.

Abstract

Introduction and objectives

The aim of the present study was to evaluate differences in plasma cortisol concentration in response to an intercalating aerobic-anaerobic exercise test in a group of physically active young people.

Methods

Fourteen healthy young male volunteers performed a 40-minute exercise test at 50% of individual peak oxygen uptake on a cycle ergometer, maintaining a pedal rate of 60 r.p.m., during which they aimed to intercalate 4 explosive anaerobic phases of 30 seconds with a workload of 0.04 kg per kg of body mass at 10, 20, 30 and 40 minutes. After this first phase, and without stopping the exercise and maintaining the corresponding workload of 50% of peak oxygen uptake, the volunteers ended the exercise by pedaling at the maximum number of revolutions possible for 20 minutes. Cardiopulmonary parameters were continuously monitored and blood samples were obtained at rest, every 10 minutes during the test, and at 15 minutes during the recovery period.

Results

Cardiopulmonary and metabolic responses were similar in all the participants during the test and the group tendency was to increase plasma cortisol levels significantly throughout the test (F = 5.16; p < 0.001). Plasma cortisol levels showed large interindividual differences (F = 6.74; p < 0.001). In 8 participants (57.1%), plasma cortisol levels increased during exercise and while in 6 (42.9%) minor changes with respect to resting values were observed.

Conclusion

Substantial differences in plasma cortisol levels were found in a homogeneous group of young male volunteers during a successive aerobic-anaerobic exercise test, which may have implications in adaptation to exercise.

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  • El estudio fue realizado con la ayuda de Recuperat-ion Electrolitos S.L.

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