Chapter 17 - Thermal analysis and calorimetry of pharmaceuticals

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INTRODUCTION

Thermal analysis and calorimetry have many applications within the Pharmaceutical disciplines. It is the intention of this chapter to review the current applications of thermal and calorimetric techniques to the development of pharmaceutical products. To prevent the chapter from becoming overlong, it focuses on the specific techniques that are an established part of the research and development armoury within pharmaceutics. Clearly, such applications include the study of morphological form and

CHARACTERISATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL SOLIDS

The criteria for novel drug molecule selection are naturally focused on pharmacological activity, safety and potential clinical and commercial value. However, the progression of a drug to the market place depends on issues such as stability, bioavailability, toxicology and ease of manufacture. These issues are invariably encountered during the development of a drug and may cause a candidate to be considered unsuitable or slow its rate of progression to a commercial product. Thermal analysis and

Chemical stability studies of solutions

Traditionally chemical stability studies are performed using relatively long term studies that involve artificially stressing the material at elevated temperature and RH conditions. The degradation products formed are then measured using photospectroscopic techniques. These methods of analysis are very costly and time consuming and provide little information about the long-term stability of the sample under ambient conditions. Isothermal microcalorimeters with nanoWatt technology provide the

MISCELLANEOUS USES

A number of miscellaneous uses for thermal analysis within the pharmaceutical sciences exist. The following sub-sections illustrate examples of such uses. By their nature, only selected examples are given.

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