Apoptosis and bone disease

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This chapter discusses the apoptosis and bone disease. The involvement of apoptosis in the normal processes by which bone is created and maintained is reviewed. The involvement of apoptosis in the pathogenesis of bone disease is also described. The pathologies that arise during development and those that arise postnatal and effect adult bone are also focused. Tissue growth and turnover are the result of two competing processes: cellular proliferation and cellular obliteration. The function of bone is to support the tissue it surrounds or the tissue that are attached to it. Therefore, pathologies of bone are those diseases that disrupt the ability of bone to resist stress. The occurrence of most bone diseases increases with age. There is a high correlation of the occurrence of many connective tissue diseases with age. Highly correlated with age is an increase in apoptosis. Apoptosis is a normal part of the developmental program of most cells. It is also stimulated by outside factors. The interaction between cell proliferation and cell obliteration, which can include both apoptosisβ€”to all intents and purposesβ€”is intended, and necrosis, which is usually due to some unintended trauma, is responsible for the maintenance of an appropriate number of cells per volume in any piece of tissue.

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