Chapter 15 Nucleic Acids

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This chapter focuses on nucleic acids, as it is the basic genetic material of all organisms and plays an important role in fundamental biological processes called “gene expression.” Studies of their structure and relationship between structure and function are always been dependent on the methodical development and level of a given area of biology and biochemistry. Electrophoresis, different techniques, and systems are applied to the analysis of nucleic acids having the nature of polyanions. With the use of polyacrylamide, or agarose gels, gel electrophoresis is most widely used for the fractionation of nucleic acids, and is convenient in the studies of molecular conformation, not only for the resolution of single-stranded and double-stranded structures, but also of linear and circular molecules, degree of their super-helicity, and catenation. Many designs for electrophoresis apparatus have been developed, some of them have been specially constructed for the analysis, separation, and fractionation of nucleic acids and their components.

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