Long-term Results and Complications of Botulinum A Toxin in the Treatment of Blepharospasm

doi:10.1016/S0161-6420(88)32977-5

Ophthalmology

Volume 95, Issue 11, November 1988, Pages 1529-1534

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0161-6420(88)32977-5 Get rights and content

Abstract

The authors review their long-term results and complications with the use of botulinum A toxin in the treatment of facial dystonias. Two hundred thirty-two patients in three diagnostic groups—essential blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm, and Meige's syndrome—were treated with botulinum A toxin. A total of 1044 treatments were given over a 4-year period. A reduction in orbicularis spasm intensity was noted in 1012 (96.9%) treatments (mean duration, 13.3 weeks). There was no clear relationship between toxin dose and the amount of spasm reduction or duration of response, and average duration of beneficial effect remained constant from the first through the twelfth injections. Complications occurred in 236 (22.6%) treatments. In most cases, these were local and transient. Symptomatic dry eye was the most common side effect, noted in 7.5% of cases. Ptosis was reported in 7.3% of treatments and photophobia in 2.5%. Diplopia involving the inferior oblique or lateral rectus muscles was seen in less than 1 % of cases. There were no differences in degree of response or in complications among the three diagnostic groups, although there was a slight difference in duration of effect. Patients who had undergone previous eyelid surgery for blepharospasm did not respond differently from those without prior surgery.

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Long-term Results and Complications of Botulinum A Toxin in the Treatment of Blepharospasm

Abstract

Neurol Clin

Ophthalmology

Am J Ophthamol

Ophthalmology

Ophthalmology

Ophthalmology

Am J Ophthalmol

Ophthalmology

Am J Ophthalmol

Am J Ophthalmol

Botulinum A toxin for cranial-cervical dystonia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study

Neurology

Blepharospasm with basal ganglia lesions [Letter]

Arch Neurol

Blepharospasm and orofacial-cervical dystonia: clinical and pharmacologic findings in 100 patients

Ann Neurol

Treatment of essential blepharospasm. I. Comparison of facial nerve avulsion and eyebroweyelid muscle stripping procedure

Arch Ophthalmol

Blepharospasm surgery: an anatomical approach

Arch Ophthalmol

Differential section of the facial nerve for blepharospasm

Trans Am Acad Ophthal Otolaryng