We searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Embase (1997–2002) for each illness. Search terms were: (“diabetes”) or (“asthma”) or (“arthritis” or “osteoarthritis” or “musculoskeletal” or “rheum*”) and (“self-management” or “self-care” or “education*” or “behav*” or “psych*” or “cognitive”) and (“intervention” or “program*” or “trial”) and (“random*” or “RCT”). Studies were included if (1) the study assessed an SMI: interventions that only provided information in a didactic format or manipulated delivery
SeminarSelf-management interventions for chronic illness
Section snippets
Differences between interventions
We identified 21 studies for type 2 diabetes,43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63 24 for arthritis (15 for rheumatoid arthritis,64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78 five for osteoarthritis,79, 80, 81, 82, 83 and four for both types of arthritis84, 85, 86, 87), and 18 for asthma.73, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109 SMIs for diabetes, arthritis, and asthma differed
Discussion
The SMIs for each of the three illnesses conditions in this review have general differences in content, which seem to result from the different objectives for management of each illness. Some of the studies for asthma attempted to halt development of symptoms, whereas those for arthritis tended to try to reduce the effect of the symptoms and illness, and therefore tended to have broader focus. For diabetes, many of the studies were concerned with aspects of integration of the complex regimen
Search strategy and selection criteria
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