Short communicationEffects of functional disruption of lateral pericentral cerebral cortex on primate swallowing
Section snippets
Features of swallowing before cortical cold block
The animals readily accepted and ingested both the solid foodstuff and the liquid bolus over the experimental period. Swallow events regularly occurred when the animals swallowed the solid bolus during or after it had been masticated or when they swallowed the liquid bolus after sucking the juice. The incidence of swallowing over this period was consistent between the different swallow conditions (i.e., related to mastication or sucking), and varied between 77–100% of the trials in which the
Effects of cortical cold block
Reversible cold block of the ICMS-defined CMA/swallow cortex and most lateral aspect of face MI markedly reduced the occurrence of swallowing and modified several of the EMG parameters of swallowing behavior associated with mastication of the solid bolus or sucking the liquid bolus. These effects were reproducible between different sessions and occurred in both monkeys, although there were some differences between the two monkeys in the actual changes that were manifested.
In one of the monkeys
Acknowledgements
The authors gratefully acknowledge the technical assistance of D. Lindsay, S. Carter and K. MacLeod, and the secretarial services of F. Yuen and S. Bajcer. The research was supported by Canadian M.R.C. Grant MT-4918 to B.J.S.; D.Y. was supported by a M.R.C. Fellowship.
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2022, Journal of the Neurological SciencesUnilateral nasal obstruction affects development of cortical orofacial motor representation in the cortical masticatory area of growing rats
2022, Neuroscience LettersCitation Excerpt :In the grinding phase, the masseter and AD muscles move in concert, but in this experiment, no activity of the masseter muscle was observed, suggesting that the movement was observed during the preparatory phase of mastication. In a previous study, masseter muscle activity was observed because continuous stimulation was given for 3 s [9], but in this experiment, the masseter muscle activity could not be observed because a single stimulus was given for <3 s. In this study, there was no significant difference in the gape size of the IEMJ between the CONT and UNO groups at 5, 7, and 9 weeks of age.
An electrophysiological study of the sequential water swallowing
2013, Journal of Electromyography and KinesiologyFace sensorimotor cortex. Its role and neuroplasticity in the control of orofacial movements.
2011, Progress in Brain ResearchCitation Excerpt :And whereas human face MI excitability has been reported to be unaffected by hypertonic saline-induced masseter muscle pain or capsaicin-induced facial or lingual pain (Halkjaer et al., 2006; Romaniello et al., 2000), we recently documented (Boudreau et al., 2007) that capsaicin-induced intraoral pain interferes with successful performance by humans of a novel tongue-protrusion task (also see below) and concomitantly reduces tongue MI excitability. These findings in humans are consistent with our data in a recent rat study where we found significantly increased ICMS thresholds for the tongue (genioglossus) motor representation for several hours after acute noxious stimulation of the rat tongue (Adachi et al., 2008); the data suggest that this decreased MI excitability induced by noxious lingual sensory inputs reflects intracortical changes specifically on motor outputs to the region (tongue) in the vicinity of the noxious stimulus site, consistent with our earlier findings of close input–output coupling for the tongue MI representation (Huang et al., 1989a; Murray and Sessle, 1992a,b). It should be noted that these pain-related face MI studies showing a decreased MI excitability suggest that the aforementioned increase in face MI motor representation following incisor extraction is unlikely due to pain experienced by the animal from the extraction.
Neuroplasticity of face sensorimotor cortex and implications for control of orofacial movements
2010, Japanese Dental Science Review
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Present address: Nihon University School of Dentistry, Matsudo, Chiba 271, Japan.
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Present address: Department of Communicative Disorders, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada N6G 1H1.