Original articleEnhancement of photosynthetic O2 evolution in Chlorella vulgaris under high light and increased CO2 concentration as a sign of acclimation to phosphate deficiency
Introduction
Phosphorus is the component of several intermediate and final biological compounds, it participates in energy conversion and in the transfer of genetic information. Cellular inorganic orthophosphate (Pi) regulates enzyme activity and metabolic pathways as well as the transport processes. It affects various aspects of photosynthesis [1], [7], [28], [34]. Phosphate insufficient feeding limits plant growth [4], [21], [22]. However, under conditions of phosphorus deficiency, the rates of net photosynthesis were found decreased [10], [14], [16], [32], unchanged [9], [20], or even increased [6], [22]. These divergent data strongly suggest that the ultimate effect may depend on the depth of phosphate stress as well as on the influence of other factors, both endogenous and environmental.
In our previous work, we have stated that Chlorella vulgaris (Beijer.) cells, from cultures grown at medium phosphate-deficient (–P), showed an increased potential capacity (higher Pmax and 1/K0.5 [dissolved inorganic carbon, DIC]) for photosynthetic oxygen evolution than cells from cultures well supplied with phosphate [22]. In the present study, we focused on the explanation of these acclimation modifications of the algal photosynthetic apparatus.
Section snippets
Culture growth, phosphates and photosynthetic pigments contents
Data obtained in the preliminary characteristics of C. vulgaris cultures used were concordant with the results presented in our previous publication [22]. During the first 8 days of culture, the phosphorus deficiency caused a decrease in the cell density in the medium by about 40% on the average (results are not presented).
The total phosphate content in the medium of the control cultures (initial content was close to 60 mg Pi cultures–1) did not reveal a significant decrease. This substrate was
Discussion and conclusion
Insufficient phosphate feeding limits net photosynthetic carbon assimilation and plant growth [1], [4], [7], [21], [22], [28], [29], [34]. The photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) absorption, energy transfer and conversion as well as the reactions of electron transport are only slightly dependent on the level of phosphate feeding. It suggests that the phosphate deficiency, at least at its initial phase, directly affects mainly the reactions of photosynthetic carbon assimilation and
Culture growth
Cells of C. vulgaris Beijerinck were grown axenically in batch culture [42], in 500 ml conical flasks, containing 250 ml of continuously stirred medium. Complete or P-deficient Knop medium (pH 6.8) was used. The flasks were closed with bacteriological cotton plugs. Growth of cultures was initiated by introduction of inoculum containing about 107 alga cells. Cultures were grown under air. The photosynthetic photon flux density at the cultures level was about 150 μmol m–2 s–1, the photoperiod was
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2022, Science of the Total EnvironmentCitation Excerpt :The P levels in the present work were always relatively high (≥20 mg L−1, or ≥10.9 mg PO43− L−1) and did not affect the chlorophyll content of the cells. In other studies, P-deficient media have reduced growth of C. vulgaris without having much effect on the chlorophylls content of the cells (Kozlowska-Szerenos et al., 2000; Kozlowska-Szerenos et al., 2004). Phenolics, or polyphenolics, are compounds with multiple aromatic rings containing hydroxyl functional groups (Del Rio et al., 2013; Wang et al., 2014).